Archive for 'Learning Hebrew'

Israeli tennis player – Shahar Pe’er

Posted on 23. May, 2013 by in Sports, Vocabulary

Shahar Pe’er (שחר פאר) is an Israeli professional tennis player. Pe’er started her competitive tennis career at the age of six, and won her first title at the age of 12 when she captured the Eddie Herr International Doubles title with Nicole Vaidišová. She reached the Eddie Herr singles final as well. Her career-high singles ranking is world no. 11, which she achieved on January 31, 2011. She also reached the women’s doubles final at the 2008 Australian Open with Victoria Azarenka. Pe’er has won five WTA singles titles, and three WTA doubles titles. As of November 24, 2012, Pe’er was ranked world no. 74 in singles, and no. 79 in doubles.

Playing style

Pe’er originally played with a “counter-puncher” style, but by 2010 she had adopted a more attacking style of play. Her forehand uses a semi-western grip, which makes her good in facing big top-spin opponents. Her two-handed backhand swing is considered one of the best on the women’s tour. It is consistent and finds various angles throughout the court. She originally used a kick serve that lacked the drive needed to penetrate deep, but she changed it to more of a slice serve, which works great for her now and even generates aces. She has a good volley and has no problems going to the net. During matches, she often turns her back to her opponent between points, faces the back of the court, closes her eyes and tries to wipe the mental slate clean.

Timeline

2001 – In the Fall of 2001, Pe’er took first place in the Nike Junior Tour International Masters tennis tournament in the Bahamas, and soon became the youngest Israeli tennis player ever to win the Israeli women’s tennis championship. It was also in late 2001 that Pe’er won the 55th annual Ericsson Orange Bowl International Tennis Championships under-14 girls’ title without dropping a single set, competing with 127 other girls in what is considered the unofficial world championships for youth.

2002 – In March, Pe’er won the Bat Yam International singles title, and was a doubles finalist. In April, she was victorious at the Haifa International doubles event, and in March 2003 won the Aamata Cup in Thailand.

2004 – Pe’er turned professional in 2004, a year during which she played both the ITF Circuit and the WTA Tour. Pe’er’s first major victory came at the 2004 Australian Open, where she won the Juniors’ Championship. She beat her former partner Vaidišová in the final, and became the first Israeli women to win a junior Grand Slam title since Anna Smashnova won the French Open girl’s singles title in 1990.

2007 – She attained her best Grand Slam singles result when she reached the quarterfinals at the 2007 Australian Open and the 2007 US Open.

Online

Official website – http://www.shaharpeer.co.il
Shahar Pe’er at the Women’s Tennis Association – http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/10493
Shahar Pe’er at the Fed Cup – http://www.fedcup.com/en/players/player/profile.aspx?playerid=100012630

Tennis Terms in Hebrew

בייגל – Bagel
דאבל בייגל – Double Bagel
דרופ שוט – - drop shot
הגשה ללא מענה – ace
ווינר – winner
חבטת גב יד – backhand
חוץ – OUT
טעות בלתי מחויבת – unforced error
נקודה מופסקת – Let
נקודת מערכה – set point
נקודת משחק – match point
נקודת משחקון – game point
נקודת שבירה – break point
שגיאה – fault
שגיאה כפולה – double fault
שגיאת רגל – foot fault

Hebrew Verbs in Action: lagur be… (to live in)

Posted on 09. May, 2013 by in Conversation, Grammar, Learning Hebrew, Phrases, Real World, Vocabulary

In November last year, I wrote a post to learn how to ask where someone is from. Today I’m going to write how to say where you live through the use of the verb לָגוּר – ‘to live’.

The form of “לָגוּר” in linguistic terms is in the infinitive. That means it is like saying “to live”. If we are going to say we live in a certain country or city, then we add the preposition that indicates the ‘in’ part of “to live in…” and that would be בּ…. So the construction we’re looking for is לָגוּר בּ… – to live in.

Where do I live?

So, let’s say I live in Israel. I would take the לָגוּר and drop the לָ part so I’m left with גוּר. There is a change in the niqqud when indicating who is living where. Because I live in Israel, I could say אֲני גוּר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, but that would be like saying “I to live in Israel”. So in order to be grammatically correct, I change וּ (shuruk) to ָ (qamats) so that I have גָר. And now I can correctly say אֲני גָר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל.

גָר can be used not only to say “I live”, but also to say you live and he lives – in the masculine gender. Here’s how they look in Hebrew:

אני גָר – I live / I am living
אתה גָר – you live / you are living
הוּא גָר – he lives / he is living

If a woman is speaking or being spoken to, then the addition of the feminine suffix ָה is added on, making it גָרָה.

אני גָרָה – I live / I am living
את גָרָה – you live / you are living
הִיא גָרָה – she lives / she is living

Check Yourself

Here is a list of countries. I’m giving you a few examples to look at and see how they are constructed. See if you can make up your own sentence saying you live in that country or city. Mix them up between the masculine and feminine genders.

Israel ישראל
Romania רוֹמַנְיָה
Canada קָנָדָה
Netherlands הוֹלַנְד
Russia רוּסְיָה
Jordan יַרְדֵּן
USA אָמֶרִיקָה

I live in Russia – אני גר ברוסיה
He lives in Romania – הוא גר ברוסיה
She lives in the Netherlands – היא גרה בהולנד

Something Extra

Here’s a table showing the plural forms when speaking/asking about where more than one person lives. You will see there are just two endings you need to add to גָר.

Masculine
We live… – אנחנו גָּרִים
You live… – אתם גָּרִים
They live – הם גָּרִים

Feminine
We live – אנחנו גָּרוֹת
You live – אתן גָּרוֹת
They live – הן גּרוֹת

Real World Hebrew: Throwback to 1904

Posted on 26. Apr, 2013 by in Cultural Awareness, Learning Hebrew, Literature, Real World

We are going back in time when this book was published in Warsaw, Poland. This is a Hebrew primer intended for use after learning the alef-bet. It contains over 200 detailed illustrations, stories with review questions and a color chart. The pictures here are based on the copy currently housed at Yeshiva University Museum in New York City, USA

Here is the text from the cover:
הַדִּבּוּר הָעִבְרִי
סֵפֶר לִמוּד שְׂפַת עֵבֶר עַל פִּי הַשִׁטָה הַטִבעִית
(הָרִאשוֹן אַחַר הָאָלֶף־בֵּית)

Then, breaking it down into the vocabulary:

אַחַר – after
אָלֶף־בֵּית – alef-bet
דִּבּוּר – speech
טִבעִית – natural
סֵפֶר לִמוּד – textbook
עֵבֶר
עִבְרִי – Hebrew
עַל פִּי – according to
רִאשוֹן – best
שִׁטָה – the method
שְׂפַת – language

Translation:
Hebrew Speech
A Language textbook based upon the natural method
(Best used after learning the Alef-Bet)


If you want to see more about this book and what it contains, it’s available for reading online at the Center for Jewish History

Israeli Top 10 Songs

Posted on 10. Apr, 2013 by in Cultural Awareness, Learning Hebrew, Music, Real World, Video

What are we listening to in Israel this week? Here are the top 10 songs that you may enjoy. Some are not from Israeli artists, but still enjoyed by all. And, as you can see, The Idan Raichel Project is on the chart twice.

1 – Anthony Hamilton Elayna Boynton- Freedom

2 – עידן עמדיבזמן האחרון (Idan Amedi – Bazman Haacharon)

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3 – Asaf Avidan – Love It or Leave It

4 – הפרויקט של עידן רייכלבלילה (The Idan Raichel Project – Balayla)

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5 – Alicia Keys – Girl on Fire

6 – נתן גושןמה אם נתנשק (Nathan Goshen – Ma Em Nitnashek)

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7 – will.i.am – Scream & Shout (feat. Britney Spears) – Single

8 – יובל דייןלאסוף (Yuval Dayan – Le’esof)

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9 – הפרויקט של עידן רייכלעכשיו קרוב (The Idan Raichel Project – Achshav Karov)

10 – Stay – Rihanna feat. Mikky Ekko

Insight into Hebrew: Shalom!

Posted on 29. Mar, 2013 by in Cultural Awareness, Learning Hebrew

Shalom is a Hebrew word meaning peace, completeness, prosperity, and welfare. It can be used idiomatically to mean both hello and goodbye and it can refer to either peace between two entities, or to the well-being, welfare or safety of an individual or a group of individuals.

Shalom by itself is used in Modern Israeli Hebrew as a greeting, to which the common reply is, שָׁלוֹם שָׁלוֹם. It is also used as a farewell, making it similar to the Hawaiian aloha, the English good evening or Hindi नमस्ते (namaste).

Other uses of שָׁלוֹם

The word “shalom” can be used for all parts of speech; as a noun, adjective, verb, adverb, and interjection. When used as a noun shalom refers to welfare (health, prosperity and peace).

In the Scriptures, shalom describes the actions that lead to a state of soundness, or better yet wholeness. So to say, shalom seems not to merely speak of a state of affairs, but describes a process, an activity, a movement towards fullness.

Other greetings and expressions

The word shalom is used in a variety of expressions and contexts in Hebrew speech and writing:

Shalom aleichem (שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם) is used to greet others and is a Hebrew equivalent of “hello”. The appropriate response to such a greeting is “upon you be well-being” (עֲלֵיכֶם שָׁלוֹם aleichem shalom). On Erev Shabbat (Sabbath eve), Jewish people have a custom of singing a song which is called Shalom aleichem, before the Kiddush over wine of the Shabbat dinner is recited.

Shabbat shalom (שַׁבָּת שָׁלוֹם) is a common greeting used on Shabbat. This is most prominent in areas with Mizrahi, Sephardi, or modern Israeli influence. Many Ashkenazi communities in the Jewish diaspora use the Yiddish Gut shabbes in preference or interchangeably.

Alav hashalom (עַלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם; “upon him is peace”) is a phrase used in some Jewish communities, especially Ashkenazi ones, after mentioning the name of a deceased respected individual.

Oseh shalom עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם is the part of a passage commonly found as a concluding sentence in much Jewish liturgy (including the birkat hamazon, kaddish and personal amidah prayers). The full sentence is
עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו, הוּא יַעֲשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם עַלֵינוּ, וְעַל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן
, which translates to English as “He who makes peace in His heights may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel; and say, Amen.”

Related words in Modern Hebrew include l’shalem (לְשַׁלֵּם), “to pay” and shalem (שָׁלֵם, “complete”.

Cultural Awareness

As a Jewish religious principle

In Judaism, שָׁלוֹם is one of the underlying principle of the Torah. “Her ways are pleasant ways and all her paths are shalom.” The Talmud explains, “The entire Torah is for the sake of the ways of shalom”. Maimonides comments in his Mishneh Torah: “Great is peace, as the whole Torah was given in order to promote peace in the world, as it is stated, ‘Her ways are pleasant ways and all her paths are peace. ‘”

Shalom as a name for people

  • Shalom is commonly used as a person’s name oe surname in modern Israeli Hebrew.
  • Related male names include Shlomi (Hebrew name) (“my well-being”) and Solomon (Hebrew Shlomo).
  • Related female names include Shulamit, Shulamith, Shlomtzion or Shlomzion and Salome and Shlomith.
  • Shalom Aleichem was the pseudonym or pen name of Shalom Rabinowitz, whose work, Tevye and his Daughters, formed the basis for Fiddler on the Roof.