Hindi Language Blog

body – शरीर 

arm – बाँह

ear – कान

eye – आँख

face – चेहरा

finger – उँगली

foot – पैर

hand – हाथ

hair – बाल

head – सिर 

heart – ह्रदय 

knee – घुटना

leg – टाँग

liver – कलेजी

lung – फेफड़ा

mouth – मुँह

neck - गर्दन

nose – नाक

shoulder - कंधा

Just like the endings रा, री, रे were attached to the pronoun “my”, so the same goes for the pronoun “we” in the possessive, which is “our”.

Examples:

My dog – मेरा कुत्ता

My dogs – मेरे कुत्ते 

Our dog – हमारा कुत्ता

Our dogs – हमारे कुत्ते

My car - मेरी गाड़ी

My cars – मेरी गाड़ियाँ 

Our car – हमारी गाड़ी

Our cars – हमारी गाड़ियाँ

For the pronouns “your”, “his/her”, “their” the suffix endings will be different. They will all have the का, की, के

Your dog – आपका कुत्ता

Your dogs – आपके कुत्ते

His/Her dog – उसका कुत्ता

His/Her dogs – उसके कुत्ते

Their dog – उनका कुत्ता

Their dogs – उनके कुत्ते

Your car – आपकी गाड़ी

His/Her car – उसकी गाड़ी

Their car – उनकी गाड़ी

The genitive case marks possession. In English, we have possessive pronouns like “my” and “our”. Hindi does as well. Here is a list of possessive pronouns :

my : मेरा

our : हमारा

your (familiar)(singular) : तोरा

your (familiar)(plural) : तुम्हारा

your (singular)(polite) : -

your (plural)(polite) : आपका

his, hers, its : उसका

their : उनका

Let’s take a look at some examples:

my book : मेरी किताब

my books : मेरी किताबें

my shirt : मेरा कुरता

my shirts : मेरे कुरते

With “my books” and “my book”, the only thing that changed was the plurality of the nouns. In other words, “my” was still मेरी and only “book” किताब and “books” किताबें changed. However, this isn’t the case with “my shirt” and “my shirts”. The “my” in “my shirt” is मेरा and the “my” in ”my shirts” is  मेरे. This is because in Hindi, pronouns, including possessive pronouns, assume the same gender and number as the nouns they modify. In the future, I think I’ll talk more about some of the rules that involve gender and number agreement.

For now, just know that किताब (book) is a feminine noun and कुरता (shirt) is a masculine noun. Since किताब (book) is a feminine noun, मेरी (my) was used when the noun was singular, and since कुरता (shirt) is a masculine noun, मेरा (my) was used when the noun was singular. The feminine मेरी contained a री ending in the pronoun while the masculine मेरा contained a रा ending in the pronoun. In the masculine plural, the pronoun will have a रे ending in the pronoun. Hence, मे will be the only part of the pronoun that never changes.