Hindi uses some vowel marks which are extensively used to form many Hindi words. They can be thought of vowels and diphthongs in English. Words like आम (Aam – Common), और (Aur – And), सूरज (Suraj – Sun), लोक (Lok – World. Region) use ौ, ू, े vowel marks respectively. In Hindi, there are 9 important vowel marks. So, let me show you with some examples.

1. ा – A
This represent vowel “a” in English. It is used to form other alphabets in the Hindi. It can be visualized as “अ” which is an independent form. So, we have क् + अ = क. This can be used to represent the long vowel, in which case it is written twice. For long vowel like, का as क् + अ + ा = क् + आ = का. आ is formed by combining अ + ा.

2. ि – I
This vowel mark represent the short “इ” (independent form) in Hindi or “i” in English as in “bit”. You can visualize the word combination as ि + क = कि. In English, though, you put vowel after vowel or consonant i.e. to get ki, you combine as K + i = Ki.

3. ी – EE
This vowel mark represent the “ई” (independent form) in Hindi or “ee” in English as in “employee”. You can visualize the word combination as ी + क = की.

4. ो – O
This vowel mark represent the “ओ” (independent form) or “o” in English as in “sole”. You can visualize the word combination as ो + क = को.

5. ौ – AU
This vowel mark represent the “औ” (independent form) or diphthong “au” in English as in “how”. You can visualize the word combination as ौ + क = कौ.

6. ु – U
This vowel mark represent the “ऊ” (independent form) or long “u” in English as in “blue”. You can visualize the word combination as ु + क = कु.

7. ू – U
This vowel mark represent the “उ” (independent form) or short “u” in English as in “put”. You can visualize the word combination as ू + क = कू.

8. े – E
This vowel mark represent the “ए” (independent form) or “e” in English as in “met”. You can visualize the word combination as े + क = के.

9. ै – AI
This vowel mark represent the “ऐ” (independent form) or “ai” in English as in “rely”. You can visualize the word combination as ै + क = कै.