Verbal morphology I
Posted on 02. Jun, 2012 by leire in Latin Language
General characteristics of the Latin conjugation
Latin conjugation is distributed in two voices: active and passive.
How to set out and how to determine the conjugations:
The statement of a verb consists, in that order, of the following forms:
- First person singular indicative present.
- Second person singular indicative present.
- Present infinitive.
- First person singular indicative perfect (praeteritum perfectum).
- Supine
To determine the conjugation of a verb it is enough to look to the characteristics of its statement match those highlighted in bold in the following models:
Here we will show you a system of analysis of verb forms which will let you recognize any word found in a text without having to memorize from the beginning all the features, exceptions, phonetic changes, etc.., which may occur in verb conjugation.
| CONJUGATIONS | PRESENT | PERFECT | SUPINE | |
| 1st | amo, -as, -are, -avi, -atum | am(a)- | amav- | amat- |
| 2nd | deleo, -es, -ere, -evi, -etum | dele- | delev- | delet- |
| 3rd | rego, -is, -ere, rexi, rectum | reg(e)- | rex- | rect- |
| 4th | audio, -is, -ire, -ivi, -itum | audi- | audiv- | audit- |
Personal verb tenses (with personal desinences) are distributed in two systems: present and perfect; and three modes: indicative, subjunctive and imperative.
The non-personal forms in Latin are:
- Verbal nouns: infinitive, gerund, supine.
- Verbal adjectives: participle and gerundive.
Personal desinences:
|
Active desinences |
Pasive desinences |
|
|
All tenses except indicative perfect |
Indicative perfect |
Present tenses |
|
-m, -o -s -t -mus -tis -nt |
-i -isti -it -imus -istis -erunt (-ere) |
-r -ris (-re) -tur -mur -mini -ntur |
