Portuguese Language Blog

Petrobras, Brazil’s state-run petroleum company, created a cool project combining two very different things: Formula 1 racing and offshore drilling. A few years ago, Petrobras discovered vast reserves of oil below what’s called a pre-salt layer (pre-sal, in Portuguese) in the ocean off the coast of Brazil. The reserves could make Brazil a major oil power once the oil can be exploited on a large scale.

In the meantime, Petrobras came up with a cool idea: they decided to make the trophies for this month’s Brazil Grand Prix out of the pre-salt rock found 5,000 meters deep in the ocean. The trophies will be on display in São Paulo, Brasília, and Rio de Janeiro in November. Petrobras is calling them the “most valuable trophies in the world.”

This video below explains the project. Watch and see if you can answer the questions.

Questions

1. What does the artist think about the project?

2. What does the artist mean when he says “quando fiquei sabendo?”

3. What are some of the child-related words the geologist uses to describe the rock?

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In Brazil, the closest thing to the national U.S. college entrance exam is the ENEM, or the Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. In order to study at a university, students must take the vestibular, an entrance exam. But the vestibular varies from one university to another, so the Brazilian government implemented a unified exam, the ENEM, in 1998, which is now accepted at public universities and some private ones. The ENEM is held only once a year, and took place this Saturday and Sunday.

There’s a lot of news coverage about the exam, especially since the proctors are extremely strict. Once the doors close, you can’t get in – not even if you’re 30 seconds late. Globo had live news coverage this weekend, detailing the sad stories of students who arrived a minute or five minutes late and won’t be able to take the exam until next year. Also, since it’s only held once a year, several million students take it at the same time throughout the country.

It’s a very intense test. It lasts two days: four hours and thirty minutes on the first day, and five hours and thirty minutes on the second day. There are four sections of forty five questions each and an essay. The exam includes natural sciences (biology, physics and chemistry), human sciences (history, philosophy, geography, and sociology), math, and language (Portuguese language and literature). Because of the wide range of topics, students spend the year before the exam studying, and often take test prep classes. These are known as cursinhos.

Though it’s mostly students in their senior year of high school, or students who recently graduated from high school, the ENEM is open to anyone who wants to attend college. So you’ll also find adults in their 30s and 40s taking the exam to go back to school.

After students take the exam in October, they have to wait until the following January to get their marks. But the day after the exam, you can usually find an answer guide online to get an idea of how you did. This answer guide is called the gabarito. Each year after the ENEM, officials determine the average score for that year. Students who score at or above the average pass the test.

The Brazilian Ministry of Education created a short documentary to discuss education reform in Brazil, as well as the adoption of the Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Alunos (Pisa), or International Student Evaluation Program. The short film discusses the measures the government took to improve education in Brazil, including increased spending per student and  financial performance-based incentives. The documentary includes interviews with government officials and education experts, who talk about the changes to the Brazilian education system. It’s in Portuguese, but good news for beginners and those looking to build their vocabulary – it has English subtitles. Watch below!

Check Your Understanding – Key Vocabulary

1. meta

2. diagnóstico

3. diretor

Answers after the jump.

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