Contractions in Portuguese

Posted on 06. Jun, 2013 by in Grammar, Learning

Hello, there!

Today’s post was suggested by a reader and it covers one aspect of learning Portuguese that has students somewhat confused: the contractions.

Contractions come mostly with prepositions and articles so here they are!

01. Em – in, on or at

em + o = no
em + a = na
em + os = nos
em + as = nas

Minha mochila está no quarto. – My backback is in the bedroom.
Suas coisas estão na sala de aula? – Are your things in the classroom?
Não acredite nas coisas que ele diz. – Don’t believe the things he says.
Isso só acontece nos casos de polícia. – This only happens in police cases.

In some cases contractions are facultative, you can either use them or not. In spoken Portuguese they are always used.

em + um = num
em + uma = numa
em + uns = nuns
em + umas = numas

Ele mora num apartamento. – He lives in an apartment.
Ela mora numa casa. – She lives in a house.

02. De – of or from

de + o = do
de + a = da
de + os = dos
de + as = das

Este carro é do meu cunhado. – This car is my brother-in-law’s.
A padaria fica perto da minha casa. – The bakery is near my house.
Isso é assunto dos professores, não dos alunos. – This is the teachers’ matter, not the students’.

Facultative contractions using de

de + um = dum
de + uma = duma
de + uns = duns
de + umas = dumas
de + este = deste
de + esta = desta
de + estes = destes
de + estas = destas
de + esse = desse
de + essa = dessa
de + esses = desses
de + essas = dessas

03. Por – by, through or for

por + o = pelo
por + a = pela

O artigo foi escrito pelo professor. – The article was written by the teacher.
Vou te dizer isso pela última vez. – I’m going to tell you this for the last time.

Facultative contractions using por

por + os / por + eles = pelos
por + as / por + elas = pelas

Note: por does not combine with um, uma, uns or umas

04. A – at or to

a + o = ao
a + a = à
a + os = aos
a + as = às

Você foi ao teatro ontem? – Did you go to the theater yesterday?
Ela foi à escola de carro. – She went to school by car.
Esta música é dedicada aos meus colegas de classe. – This song is dedicated to my classmates.
Os alunos entregaram a tarefa às professores. – The students handed their homeworks to the teachers.

Note: a does not combine with um, uma, uns or umas.

05. Para – for, to, so that, in order to

We don’t have standard contractions with para. It contracts colloquially with o, a, os, as, um, uma, uns, umas:

para o = pro
para a = pra
para os = pros
para as = pras
para um = prum*
para uns = pruns*
para umas = prumas*

*very informal and not found in written texts

Golden tip!

Trying to understand and use these contractions is not an easy task at first so here’s my golden tip: don’t beat yourself up if you can’t get it right the first time – it surely takes a lot of practicing. Also, make sure to pay close attention when you read these contractions in a text or listen to them in a dialogue, TV program, radio, music, etc. The more you read and listen, the better you will speak.

What about you? Can you give us some more examples with the contractions above? Leave them in the comment area!

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How to apologize and forgive in Portuguese

Posted on 04. Jun, 2013 by in Learning

Hey, there! How’s it going?

We all mess up one day or the other so it is very important to be able to say I’m sorry and also to forgive and forget, so this is the topic of our post today.

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Pedindo Desculpas – Apologizing

Desculpe. – I’m sorry.
Foi sem querer. – I didn’t mean to do that.
Me desculpe por… – I’m sorry for…
Peço desculpas por… – I apologize for…
Por favor aceite minhas desculpas. – Please accept my apologies.
Não fiz por querer. – I didn’t do it on purpose.
Eu sei, isso não tem perdão, mas… – I know this is unforgivable, but…
Não tive má intenção. – I didn’t mean to do that.
Não sei o que dizer. – I don’t know what to say.
Não sou de… – I’m not one to…
Não vai se repetir. – This is not going to happen again.
Juro que nunca mais faço isso. – I swear I won’t do it again.
De fato eu errei, me desculpe. – I did made a mistake, I’m sorry.

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Perdoando – Forgiving

Vai, esquece. – Forget about it.
Tudo bem. – That’s all right.
Não tem problema. / Sem problemas. – No problem.
Já até esqueci. / Nem me lembro mais. – I don’t even remember it.
Não foi nada. – That was nothing.
Acontece. It happens.
Essas coisas acontecem. – These things happen.
Isso não é nada. – That’s nothing.

Por hoje é só! Nos vemos em breve!

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I’m moving out!

Posted on 27. May, 2013 by in Vocabulary

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Hello, everybody!

I’m moving out to a new apartment and I had to buy all my furniture again (long story!) so I thought I’d share some house vocabulary with you guys today since I’m in the middle of a bit of a mess!

I’ve been having to deal with eletricistas (electricians), serralheiros (locksmiths) and people of the sort so I thought, “Why not share some of the vocabulary I’m using in Portuguese with my readers?”, so here’s a very useful list of vocabulary related to the house and its objects!

Are you ready to improve your Portuguese?

Os Cômodos da Casa = Parts of the House

a sala (de estar) = living room
a sala de jantar = dining room
o banheiro = bathroom
o lavabo = restroom
a cozinha = kitchen
o quarto = bedroom
o quintal = backyard
o porão = basement
o sótão = attic
a lavanderia = laundry room

Na Sala de Estar = In the Living Room

o abajur = lamp
a almofada = cushion
a estante = bookcase, bookshelf
o aparelho de som = sound system
a TV = TV set
a lareira = fireplace
a mesa de centro = coffee table
a poltrona = armchair
o sofá = sofa, couch
o tapete = rug

Na Cozinha = In The Kitchen

o armário = closet
a caneca = mug
a colher = spoon
o copo = glass
a faca = knife
o fogão = stove
o microondas = microwave oven
o freezer = freezer
a geladeira = fridge
o garfo = fork
a máquina de lavar pratos = dishwasher
a pia = sink
o prato = plate
a torneira = faucet
a torradeira = toaster
a xícara = cup
o pires = saucer

No quarto = In the Bedroom

o guarda-roupa = wardrobe
o cabide = hanger
a cama = bed
a cadeira = chair
o cobertor = blanket
o edredon = comforter
o despertador = alarm clock
o travesseiro = pillow
a fronha = pillowcase
o lençol = sheets
a mesa = table
o criado-mudo = night stand

No banheiro = In the Bathroom

a banheira = bathtub
o chuveiro = shower
a privada / o vaso = toilet
o espelho = mirror
a pia = sink
a escova de dentes = toothbrush
a escola de cabelos = hairbrush
a pasta de dentes = toothpaste
o secador de cabelos = hairdryer
o fio dental = dental floss
o enxaguante bucal = mouthwash

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