Archive for 'Basic'

The Top 10 in Transparent Spanish blog

Posted on 03. Jan, 2012 by in Basic, Entertainment, Geography, Holidays, Literature, Pronunciation, Spanish Culture, Spanish Grammar, Spanish Vocabulary, Videos

As 2011 is already gone,  I think it would be a good idea to review what posts in our Transparent Spanish blog have been the most popular ones. Christmas topics, learning tips, cultural information and legends, and even different ways to chat people up! Here are our Top 10:

Las Posadas Songs

Posadas is a wonderful Mexican holiday that brings neighbors and friends together for nine festive nights of singing and eating. Beginning December 16th and continuing through Christmas Eve, Posadas reenact the experience of Joseph and Mary as they wandered from house to house, looking for shelter

Spanish Lesson Beginner 20 To need, to want, to prefer

Today we will look at three new, very useful, verbs: to need (“necesitar”), to want (“querer”) and to prefer (“preferir”). I will explain how you should form each of the verbs and how you can use them to make sentences.

At the airport: the check-in

Traveling is great, isn’t it? You get to meet people, be in places other than your regular city and learn a lot while traveling. So in this post I’m going to give you some useful expressions for when you’re at the check-in counter at the airport.

Problems using la, le, lo (laísmo, leísmo, loísmo)

When you are learning a language, you have to deal with correct grammar and vocabulary, but you also have to bear in mind its common usage. One main problem not only for Spanish learners but also for native speakers is the linguistic phenomenon known as “leísmo”, closely related to “loísmo, and laísmo”: they are variations from standard Spanish involving the third person object pronouns.

In order to avoid them, we have to bear in mind the form and function of these pronouns in Spanish…

Apenas

Apenas is an adverb frequently used in the Spanish language, and one that has a multiplicity of meanings and applications. It’s one of those words that require you to use the context to determine which meaning the speaker intends. My Spanish students would often complain about this phenomenon, until I reminded them how context-driven oral English is: just think of how confusing “two”, “too”, and “to” is! So, it is not my intention to confuse or frustrate you, but here are the four main meanings of the fickle yet utterly useful word apenas.

Columbus Day in the Spanish Speaking World

Given the importance of October 12th in Spanish history, perhaps it is surprising that Columbus Day was first celebrated in 1866 by the Italians of New York City, in honor of Columbus’ Italian heritage. It wasn’t until 1913 that the day was made an official celebration in Spain (and soon after in Latin America), as a way to commemorate the union of Spain with the peoples of the Americas, the forging of a new pan-Hispanic identity, and the spreading of the Spanish language. Generally, October 12th is considered a positive celebration of the mixing of peoples and cultures.

Learning tip: Attitude!

Well, I was thinking the other day and I came to the conclusion that one of the most important things when you set out to do something new is to have attitude. I mean, not a nasty attitude towards anything but a very positive and proactive attitude.

That takes a truckload of determination, patience, hard work and consistency. And let me tell you something: it feels awesome when things (language patterns) start falling into place and you see, in your head, how the language is built.

“La Llorona”, a Mexican legend

There are stories you hear when you are a child, and they scare you do death. In Spain we were always threatened with “El hombre del saco” (The man with a bag) or “El sacamantecas” to make you eat, vegetables in my case, or behave appropriately.

That must be the reason why I found this Mexican legend so interesting. “La Llorona” is the Spanish name for “The Weeping Woman”. Although this legend is originally from Mexico, there are several different versions in Spanish-speaking cultures in Central and South America. The basic story tells us about the ghostly apparition of a mysterious woman dressed in white, wandering at night and crying for her lost children: “Ayyy, mis hijos!” (Oh, my children!).

Pick-up lines in Spanish

This post goes for the ones who haven’t found their soul mate or only want to have some fun. ¿Me prestas una moneda? Tengo que llamar a mi madre y decirle que encontré el amor de mi vida. – Can I borrow a coin? I have to call my mom and tell her I’ve met the love of my life.
¿Tienes un novio? ¿No? ¿Quieres uno? – Do you have a boyfriend? No? Want one?
Sabes, chicas como tú dan a chicos como yo una razón para vivir. – You know, girls like you give guys like me a reason to live.

“Ser y estar”, jugando con frases hechas

I’m sure you have studied the differences between “ser” and “estar” tons of times, but as I see there are some friends asking about them these days both in our blog and the Transparent Spanish page, I think it’s a good idea to review them, now in a particular way: we are going to see how we use these verbs in some “frases hechas” (idioms).

- Estar de mala leche. To be in a bad mood

- Ser harina de otro costal. To be a horse of a different color

-No ser nada del otro jueves. To be no big deal

Happy New Year!

 

Spanish Lesson Beginner 25 Describing aches and pains at the doctor’s

Posted on 16. Nov, 2011 by in Basic, Pronunciation, Spanish Grammar, Spanish Vocabulary, Videos

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Hola ¿Cómo estáis?

Today we will learn how to manage when visiting a doctor in a Spanish speaking country. We will look at the names of the main parts of the body in Spanish, common pains and ailments in Spanish and how to explain the pain you are feeling and where you are feeling it in Spanish using the verb “Doler” (to hurt).

First let’s look at the parts of the body in Spanish:

• Cabeza: Head
• Oreja: Ear
• Oído: Inner ear
• Ojo: Eye
• Boca: Mouth
• Nariz (f): Nose
• Garganta: Throat
• Cuello: Neck
• Espalda: Back
• Pecho: Chest
• Brazo: Arm
• Mano (f): Hand
• Dedo: Finger
• Estómago: Stomach
• Tripa: Belly
• Culo: Bottom
• Rodilla: Knee
• Pierna: Leg
• Pie (m): Foot

Let´s see now how to describe in Spanish the pain you are feeling in your body. The word “Pain” in Spanish is “Dolor” and we use this to describe common pains:

• Dolor de cabeza: Headache
• Dolor de garganta: Sore throat
• Dolor de oídos: Earache
• Dolor de espalda: Backache
• Tengo dolor de cabeza: I have a headache

Another way to describe a pain you are feeling is by using the Spanish verb “Doler” which means “To hurt” in English. Be careful not to confuse Dolor with Doler; they look very similar, but one is a noun (pain) and one if a verb (to hurt) and they are used in very different ways. El verbo Doler works in a similar way to El verbo Gustar (to like) which we have analysed in a previous lesson and in a different way to the majority of other verbs we have already seen in the course.

• Me duele: It hurts me
• Me duelen: They hurt me

If you want to say that you or another person feels pain in one area, you will use “duele” because one thing is hurting, but if various things are causing pain you will have to use “duelen”.

• Me duele la cabeza: My head hurts
• Me duelen los pies: My feet hurt
• Me duele mucho la cabeza: My head hurts a lot
• Me duele un poco la cabeza: My head hurts a little
• No me duele la cabeza: My head doesn´t hurt

With Doler we don’t use “yo, tú, él, etc…” We use instead “a mí, a ti, a él, etc,…” and it is always optional. So you can say “me duele” or “a mí me duele…” Let´s see now how the verb Doler works with all the different persons:

• (a mí) me duele la cabeza: My head hurts
• (a ti) te duele la cabeza: Your head hurts (friendly)
• (a usted) le duele la cabeza: Your head hurts (formal)
• (a él/a ella) le duele la cabeza: His/Her head hurts
• (a nosotros/as) nos duele la cabeza: Our heads hurt
• (a vosotros/as) os duele la cabeza: Your heads hurt (group/friendly)
• (a ustedes) les duele la cabeza: Your heads hurt (group/formal)
• (a ellos/as) les duele la cabeza: Their heads hurt

So this is all for today. Try to memorise the parts of the body by drawing a person and labeling each part. Then try to add sentences describing aches and pains you may feel in those areas. Quite possibly the biggest challenge will be getting used to using the verb Doler. Remember Doler has exactly the same structure as the verb Gustar (to like), so it is a good idea to review the use of both verbs together. I definitely recommend going back and reviewing the previous beginner video lesson in this course which looked at the verb Gustar.

In the next beginner Spanish lesson we will continue this theme and look at practical ways to converse and manage at the doctor’s.

Have a great day and see you soon.

¡Hasta luego!

Spanish Lesson Beginner 24 The Spanish verb “Gustar” (To like)

Posted on 26. Oct, 2011 by in Basic, Pronunciation, Spanish Grammar, Videos

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¡Hola! ¿Cómo estáis?

Today we are going to look in detail at the Spanish verb “Gustar” (To like).

This is a very commonly used verb which doesn´t work in the same way as the other Spanish verbs we have previously seen. Although it ends in –AR, we don´t say: Yo gusto, Tu gustas, Él gusta, etc… This verb is completely different.

• (a mí) Me gusta: I like…
• (a ti) Te gusta: You like… (friendly)
• (a usted) Le gusta: You like… (formal)
• (a él/a ella) Le gusta: He/She likes…
• (a nosotros/as) Nos gusta: We like…
• (a vosotros/as) Os gusta: You like… (group/friendly)
• (a ustedes) Les gusta: You like… (group/formal)
• (a ellos/as) Les gusta: They like…
• (a mí) No me gusta: I don´t like…

With “Gustar” we don’t use “yo, tú, él, etc…” We use instead “a mí, a ti, a él, etc,…” and it is always optional. So you can say “me gusta” or “a mí me gusta…”

If you are saying that someone likes something you must remember to use “a” before the person. For example:

• A mi abuelo le gusta el vino: My grandfather likes wine
• A Sonia le gusta el chocolate: Sonia likes chocolate

You might find it easier if you think of “Gustar” as meaning “To please” rather than “To like”. In this way you could translate the sentences as “Wine pleases my grandfather” or “Chocolate pleases Sonia”.

If you want to say that the person likes one thing, you will use “gusta” because one thing is pleasing the person, but if the person likes various things you will have to use “gustan” because various things are pleasing the person.

Also it is important to know than you will have to use “el”, “la”, “los” or “las” depending on the gender of the item and if it is singular or plural. For example:

• Me gusta el café: I like coffee
• Me gustan las aceitunas: I like olives
• Le gusta la cerveza: He likes beer
• Le gustan los bombones: He likes chocolates

If you want to say that the person likes doing something. Then you don´t use the article “el” or “la”, “los” or “las”, only the verb in infinitive (without changing the ending). For example:

• Me gusta ver la televisión: I like watching TV
• Nos gusta ir a la playa: We like going to the beach

Now, let´s see how to say how much you like something using “Gustar”:

• Me gusta muchísimo: I really like…
• Me gusta mucho: I like a lot…
• Me gusta bastante: I quite like…
• No me gusta demasiado: I don´t like that much…
• No me gusta nada: I don´t like at all…

These phrases can be used for any person. You can say, for example, “nos gusta muchísimo…” (we really like…) or “no le gusta nada…” (he doesn´t like at all….). Remember that you still have to change “gusta” for “gustan” when necessary.

Let´s see some examples:

• Me gusta muchísimo ir de compras: I really like going shopping
• Me gustan mucho los dulces: I like sweets a lot
• Nos gusta bastante andar por la playa: We quite like walking on the beach
• A mi madre no le gustan mucho las verduras: My mum doesn´t like vegetables very much
• A mis hermanos no les gusta nada la carne: My brothers don´t like meat very much.

So this is all for today. As you can see, the Spanish verb “Gustar” is quite different to the other verbs we have seen in this course. It usually takes a little bit of time for the student to get confident with it, so don’t worry if you find it a bit tricky at first. Once you have practiced with “Gustar” for a while and given it time to sink in you will find that it is not so complicated. It is a really commonly used verb so it is important to get practicing right away.

Have a great week and see you soon with more Spanish.

¡Hasta luego!