Archive for 'Spanish Grammar'

Spanish Lesson Intermediate 32 The Spanish Verb Parecer / Parecerse

Posted on 17. Apr, 2012 by in Learning, Pronunciation, Spanish Grammar, Spanish Vocabulary, Videos

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¡Hola a todos!

Hoy vamos a ver los diferentes usos del verbo “Parecer/Parecerse”. Today we will see the different uses of the Spanish verb “Parecer/Parecerse”.

Parecer/Parecerse is a useful, commonly used Spanish verb that, as is very often the case, doesn’t have one simple English translation. It takes time to remember the various uses of Spanish verbs, to understand the subtle differences and when exactly to use one Spanish verb structure over another in any given moment.

In this lesson I will show you exactly how to use Parecer/Parecerse with many example practice sentences to help clarify my explanations.

So let’s get started…

Parecer: To talk about the appearance of something/someone:

• Ana parece cansada: Ana seems tired
• Pareces más joven de lo que eres: You seem younger than you are
• Pareces extranjero ¿de dónde eres?: You seem to be foreign, where are you from?

Parecerse: To talk about similarities:

• Elena y Sonia se parecen mucho: Elena and Sonia look very alike
• Yo me parezco a mi madre: I look like my mother
• Mi hermana y yo nos parecemos mucho: My sister and I look very alike

To ask and give opinions (third person of the verb with an indirect object pronoun):

• ¿Qué te parece la película?: What do you think of the film?
• Me parece que es muy divertida: I think it is very entertaining
• ¿Qué les parece la fiesta?: What do you think of the party? (formal/group)

Me parece + adjective + que + subjuntivo:

• Me parece muy bien que vayas a Barcelona: I think it’s great that you are going to Barcelona
• Me parece fatal que Antonio no haya estudiado nada: I think it’s awful that Antonio hasn´t studied at all
• Me parece fantástico que hayas ganado la lotería: I think it’s fantastic that you have won the lottery
• Me parece ridículo que te enfades: I think it´s ridiculous that you get angry
• Me parece exagerado que Carmen y José se divorcien por una discusión: I think it´s excessive that Carman and José are divorcing because of one argument

Me parece + adjective + infinitive:

• Me parece aburrido ir a la playa: I think going to the beach is boring
• Me parece interesante estudiar Medicina: I think studying medicine is interesting
• Me parece maravilloso vivir en España: I think living in Spain is marvellous
• Me parece interesante ir a ese museo: I think going to that museum is interesting
• Me parece raro nadar en el mar en invierno: I think it’s odd to swim in the sea in winter

Let´s talk in more detail now about how to discuss and compare similarities in Spanish:

• Se parece a… : He/She looks like …
Pedro se parece a Brad Pitt: Pedro looks like Brad Pitt

• Se parece en: He/She is similar in …
Ana se parece a su padre en el carácter: Ana is similar to her father in character

• Es idéntico/a a…/ Es clavado/a a / Es igual a…: He/She is identical to…
Pedro es clavado a su hermano: Pedro is identical to his brother

• Son como dos gotas de agua: They are like two peas in a pod
Carla y su hija son como dos gotas de agua: Carla and her daughter are like two peas in a pod

• No se parece a…: He/She doesn´t look like…
María no se parece a su madre: María doesn´t look like her mother

• No se parece en nada a …: He/She doesn´t look like … at all
María no se parece en nada a su madre: María doesn´t look like her mother at all

That’s all for today’s Spanish lesson.

As you can see there are many different uses of the Spanish verb Parecer/Parecerse. Give yourself time to absorb them all and don’t get too worried about remembering everything all at once.

I have said this various times before, but I would like to repeat that you should be careful never to fall into the trap of trying to translate everything back word for word to your mother tongue. The most fluent and accurate foreign language speakers are those people who are open minded and relaxed enough to leave their own language aside and ride the roller-coaster of a new language wherever it may take them. You can, of course, set your own goals and limits and be very proud once you achieve a good level of speaking, writing, listening and reading.

¡Que tengais un buen dia y hasta la proxima clase!

I hope you are enjoying my weekly Spanish lessons. Follow this link for many more great resources to help you learn Spanish.

The Superlative in Spanish

Posted on 11. Apr, 2012 by in Spanish Grammar

There are two kinds of superlative in Spanish: relative and absolute. The relative superlative describes a noun within a context of a larger group. Some examples in English:

Juan is the tallest kid in his classroom.
María is the smartest student in the whole school.
This is the most beautiful woman I’ve ever seen.

We form the relative superlative with the following model:

Subject + verb + el/la/los/las + más + adjective.

Here’s how the sentences above are in Spanish:

Juan is the tallest kid in his classroom. = Juan es el niño más alto en su aula.
María is the smartest student in the whole school. = María es la alumna más inteligente en la escuela entera.
This is the most beautiful woman I’ve ever seen. = Ésta es la mujer más bonita que ya he conocido.

The absolute superlative does not show the noun within a context of a larger group. Rather, it emphasizes the quality of the noun. Some examples:

She’s extremely talented.
He’s a very smart boy.
This good is unbelievably good!

In English we form the absolute superlative with an intensifying adverb (extremely, very, awfully, unbelievably) + adjective. In Spanish we put the endings ísimo(s) and ísima(s). In Spanish, prefer to use the ísimo(s) and ísima(s) endings rather than use intensifying adverbs.

She’s extremely talented. = Ella es talentosísima.
He’s a very smart boy. = Es un niño listísimo.
This food is unbelievably good. = Esta comida es riquísima.

And this is not all! In informal Spanish we also have prefixes re-, -que, super-, archi-. Check out some examples:

Mi amigo Juan Antonio es resimpático. = My friend Juan Antonio is extremely friendly. (We could also use retesimpático, requetesimpático, supersimpático, etc.)
Mi abuela era una mujer rebuena. = My grandma was a very good woman.
Lo hiciste requete mal. Tendrás que hacerlo de nuevo. = You did that very poorly. You’ll have to do it again.
Nos trataron rebien cuando fuimos a visitarlos. = They treated us extremely well when we went to visit them.

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Spanish Lesson Beginner 32 Spanish verbs of obligation: Tener que, Deber & Hay que

Posted on 10. Apr, 2012 by in Basic, Learning, Pronunciation, Spanish Grammar, Spanish Vocabulary, Videos

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¡Hola a todos!

Hoy vamos a ver cómo expresar obligaciones y sugerencias en español.

Today we are going to see how to express obligations and suggestions in Spanish. There are three main ways to do this using the Spanish verbs Tener que, Deber & Hay que. Tener que translates to “Have to…” in English, Deber translates to “Must…” in English and “Hay que” translates to “One has to…” in English.

As always it is vital to be clear on how to conjugate your verbs for all of the persons: Yo, Tú, Usted, Él, Ella, Nosotros, Vosotros, Ustedes, and Ellos or Ellas. I will show you exactly how to do this for these Spanish verbs of obligation and give you some example Spanish sentences to illustrate how each verb is used.

So let’s get started by looking at the Spanish verb Tener que:

1. Tener que + infinitivo: To have to + infinitive:

• (Yo) tengo que: I have to
• Tengo que estudiar: I have to study
• (Tú) tienes que: You have to (friendly)
• Tienes que trabajar más: You have to work more (friendly)
• (Usted) tiene que: You have to (formal)
• Tiene que trababjar más: You have to work more (formal)
• (Él/Ella) tiene que: He/She has to
• Marta tiene que ir a Madrid: Marta has to go to Madrid
• (Nosotros) tenemos que: We have to
• Tenemos que hablar: We have to talk
• (Vosotros) tenéis que: You have to (group/friendly)
• Tenéis que comer pescado: You have to eat fish (group/friendly)
• (Ustedes) tienen que: You have to (group/formal)
• Tienen que comer pescado: You have to eat fish (group/formal)
• (Ellos) tienen que: They have to
• Marcos y Pablo tienen que visitar a sus padres: Marcos and Pablo have to visit their parents

2. Deber: Must:

• (Yo) debo: I must
• Debo estudiar: I must study
• (Tú) debes: You must (friendly)
• Debes trabajar más: You must work more (friendly)
• (Usted) debe: You must (formal)
• Debe trababjar más: You must work more (formal)
• (Él/Ella) debe: He/she must
• Marta debe ir a Madrid: Marta must go to Madrid
• (Nosotros/as) debemos: We must
• Debemos hablar: We must talk
• (Vosotros/as) debéis: You must (group/friendly)
• Debéis comer pescado: You must eat fish (group/friendly)
• (Ustedes) deben: You must (group/formal)
• Deben comer pescado: You must eat fish (group/formal)
• (Ellos/as) deben: They must
• Marcos y Pablo deben visitar a sus padres: Marcos and Pablo must visit their parents

3. Hay que: One has to:

Hay que is a Spanish verb of general obligation, so we will not have to learn how to conjugate it for all the persons. Hay que is used for general statements about things that people/we/one should do, such as “One has to recycle” or “One should say please and thank you”.

Let’s see some more examples:

• Hay que reciclar: One has to recycle
• Hay que comer un poco de todo: One has to eat a bit of everything
• Hay que beber ocho vasos de agua al día: One has to drink eight glasses of water a day
• Hay que lavarse los dientes tres veces al día: One has to brush ones teeth three times a day
• Hay que ser generoso: One has to be generous
• Hay que decir “por favor” y “gracias”: One has to say “please” and “thank you”

We have seen lots of random example Spanish sentences here in this lesson to illustrate the use of Tener que, Deber, and Hay que. Now it is down to you to make up your own practice Spanish sentences to revise what you have learned here and to make sure that you are 100% clear and confident on conjugating the verbs for all of the different persons.

I hope that you are getting steadily more and more confident with your Spanish and enjoying the process of learning a foreign language. We are up to lesson 32 in this beginner course so I think you deserve a very well earned pat on the back from me.

Remember it takes time and dedication to learn any foreign language and sometimes it can feel like a bit of a struggle, but the rewards are definitely worth the effort.

So keep up the good work and see you next time with another Spanish video lesson!

¡Hasta la próxima!

I hope you are enjoying my weekly Spanish lessons. Follow this link for many more great resources to help you learn Spanish.