Archive for 'Vocabulary'

14 Swedish Abbreviations You Need to Know

Posted on 07. May, 2013 by in Vocabulary

Learning vocabulary can be a challenge sometimes. But then there are those little moments when you hear the word, or maybe you just read it, and you get it. The smile creeps over your face, maybe you throw your arms up in the air like Rocky running up the stairs of the Philadelphia Art Museum. It’s a beautiful thing. Learning vocabulary, not Rocky.

But what happens when you see this: bl.a. or d.v.s. or m.m. or maybe even t.o.m.? Abbreviations. The bane of any language learner. I can hardly keep English abbreviations straight. Now there are Swedish ones floating around my head too. Awesome. Don’t worry. While there are a plenty of abbreviations to go around, there are a few that are just a bit more important than others. Below you’ll find a few of those common abbreviations, what they mean written out in Swedish, and an English translation. Good luck!

bl.a.

bland annat/bland andra

among other things

ca.

cirka

approximately

d.v.s.

det vill säga

that is (to say), i.e.

e.m.

eftermiddag

afternoon, P.M.

f.d.

före detta

formerly, ex

f.m.

förmiddag

morning, forenoon, A.M.

forts.

fortsättning

continuation

kr.

kronor

Swedish currency – translates to crown

m.fl.

med flera

and others

m.m.

med mera

etc., and others

osv.

och så vidare

and so forth/and so on

s.k.

så kallad

so called

t.ex.

till exempel

for example

t.o.m.

till och med

including

 

The many uses of the preposition “av”

Posted on 19. Apr, 2013 by in Grammar, Vocabulary

Some of our readers have requested a post about the Swedish preposition av, so here it is! The word has many uses, among them what is expressed by English “of”. This is, however, far from always the case, and “of” can also be expressed by other Swedish prepositions, depending on what the speaker means to convey.

1) describing what something is made of

Bordet är gjort av trä. – The table is made of wood.
Kniven var gjord av rostfritt stål. – The knife was made of stainless steel.

2) inclusion in a group

Igår var jag hemma hos en av mina klasskamrater. – Yesterday I was at the home of one of my classmates.
Där stod två av de tre ekorrar vi hade sett dagen innan. – There stood two of the three squirrels we had seen the day before.

3) marking the agent in a passive clause

Jag blev precis anfallen av en bläckfisk. – I was just attacked by a squid.

4) marking the cause or source of something

Hon dansade av ren glädje. – She danced out of pure happiness.
Jag fick pennan av Sigvard. – I got the pen from Sigvard. (Here, you can also use the preposition från.)

Av as a preposition is never emphasized when pronounced. When it is used as a verb particle or adjective, though, it is emphasized:

Barnen sparkade av stövlarna när de kom hem. – The children kicked off their boots when they got home.
Stäng av kranen! – Turn off the tap/faucet!
Är tv:n av nu? – Is the TV off now?

Av can also appear as a lexical (and therefore emphasized) prefix:

Jag har fått avslag på min ansökan. – My application was denied. (Lit: “I have received denial (noun) on my application.”)
Annika ska avinstallera programmet åt mig. – Annika is going to uninstall the program for me.

Hope this guide was helpful. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to comment! :)

 

Source for some of the information in this post: Wiktionary (all borrowed examples proofread).

Vårprat (Spring talk in Swedish)

Posted on 21. Mar, 2013 by in Culture, Living in Sweden, Swedish Language, Vocabulary

Just around about this time of year, at least in the south of Sweden, talk of spring is one of the most popular conversation topics. This blogpost will equip you with good phrases for “vårprat” (spring talk).

Here comes a standard phrase which you can exchange the adjective for any number of synonyms.

“Visst är det _fint_ väder ute!” (“Isn’t it nice weather outside.”)

“Visst har det blivit varmt på sistone.” (“It’s been warm outside lately hasn’t it.”)

Positive adjectives in Swedish Negative adjectives in Swedish
underbart jobbigt
fint hemskt
fantastiskt tråkigt
super tradigt
superläckert sorgligt
otroligt bedrövligt
ljuvligt trist
upplyftande
störfint
toppenfint
strålande
trevligt
uppfriskande

Replies:

“Ja, det är det verkligen” (“It sure has.”)

“Ja, eller hur” (“Yeah, it really has.”)

“Ja, det tycker jag _med/också/verkligen/absolut_.” (“Yeah I agree/think so too.”)

And if it should snow again after a warm spell these phrases can come in handy.

“Såg du att det snöade idag/igår igen?” (“Did you notice it snowed again today/yesterday?”)

Replies:

“Ja, jag tror knappt det är sant!” (This can be used for both good and bad things) (“Yes, I can’t believe it.”)

“Ja, usch vad _hemskt_!” (Yes, it’s quite awful.”)

“Ja, _hemskt_ är det!” (Yes, it’s quite awful.”)

“Jag hoppas snön smälter bort snart igen” (“I hope the snow melts again soon.”)

“Ja, det hoppas jag också”  (“I hope so too.”) Do you see a pattern forming here? The conversation goes very much by safe statements about the weather and the reply usually just being a repetition of what the first person said. You can use the exakt same phrase just exchanging the verb. Eg. from tycker to hoppas.

“Åh vad jag längtar till våren/sommaren” (“I’m really looking forward to summer now.”) Here we are talking about a specific summer/spring so we use a particle for that. While if you are talking about summer in general as a season then we don’t use the -en ending as in the following example.

“Vad _fint_ det ska bli med vår/sommar.” (“It will be so nice when summer comes.”)

Hopefully these phrases will help you to at least start up a conversation in Swedish. Lycka till!

Here is a short dialog which you can practice by yourself or with a partner. Believe me, pets or small children are very good audiences as well.

A “Nejmen hejsan”

B “Hej! Hur är läget?”

A “Bara bra tack. Själv?”

B “Med mig är det bara fint! Tack som frågar.”

A “Visst är det _fint_ väder ute!”

B “Ja, eller hur. Det är det verkligen.”

A “Jag längtar verkligen efter sommaren.”

B “Ja det gör jag också. Det ska bli så skönt med lite värme.”

A “Ja absolut!”

B “Vi får hoppas att sommaren kommer snart.”

A “Ja, det får vi verkligen.”

B “Måste gå nu men det var kul att ses!”

A “Ja, det var ju ett tag sedan. Ha det så bra.”

B “Ja, tack det samma!”

A “Hejdå!”

B “Hejsvejs!”

 

A “Why hello.”

B “Hi, how are you doing?”

A “Good, and you?”

B “I’m fine. Thanks for asking.”

A “Isn’t it gorgeous weather outside.”

B “Yes, isn’t it!”

A “I’m really looking forward to the summertime.”

B “Me too. It will be nice with some heat.”

A “Yes definitively.”

B “We’ll just have to hope summer is around the corner.”

A “Yeah, that’s right.”

B “I have to go now, but great seeing you.”

A “Yeah, it’s been a while. Take care!”

B “Thanks. You too!”

A “Bye”

B “Bye”