{"id":11382,"date":"2015-10-14T22:00:03","date_gmt":"2015-10-14T22:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=11382"},"modified":"2015-10-14T22:00:03","modified_gmt":"2015-10-14T22:00:03","slug":"how-did-the-islamic-hijri-calendar-begin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/how-did-the-islamic-hijri-calendar-begin\/","title":{"rendered":"How did the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar Begin?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0 \u00a0 Ahlan <strong>\u0623\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0652\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/strong> , Arabic lovers! Today is the first day of the new Hijri year (1437), so <strong>Happy New Hijri Year<\/strong> to everyone! In today&#8217;s post we are going to know how this calendar was started and who started it.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11383\" style=\"width: 335px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.altaqreernews.com\/10659\/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-1437-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Happy New Hijri Year Image Via Altarqeemnews 300x165\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11383\" class=\"wp-image-11383\"  alt=\"Happy New Hijri Year_Image via altarqeemnews\" width=\"325\" height=\"179\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/10\/Happy-New-Hijri-Year_Image-via-altarqeemnews-300x165.jpg\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11383\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Happy New Hijri Year_Image via altarqeemnews<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">We have learnt in a previous post about the <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/where-do-the-arabic-names-of-weekdays-come-from\/\">Arabic names of weekdays<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">We also learnt about the <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/where-did-the-arabic-names-of-months-come-from\/\">Arabic names of months<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">If you have read these previous two posts, you will notice that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">The Arabs adopted the Lunar System to determine the lunar months. Yet, they had no calendar.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">The Arabs used great events to name the years, like the &#8220;Year of the Elephant <strong>\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644<\/strong>&#8221; which marks the incident when a mighty king tried with his army to attack and demolish the Ka&#8217;bah in what is known today as Mecca. His army was full of so many huge elephants with armed men on their backs. He didn&#8217;t succeed as some kind of birds attacked the army and the elephants throwing small stones on them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/birth-of-a-prophet-571-632\/\">Prophet Muhammad<\/a> was born some time after the Year of the Elephant. He soon became an orphan as he lost his father and mother. His uncle Abo-Talib <strong>\u0623\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0648 \u0637\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0628<\/strong> adopted him. As Muhammad <strong>\u0645\u0640\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u062f<\/strong> was growing up, he acquired a very good reputation among the people of his tribe (Qu&#8217;raysh <strong>\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0634<\/strong> or Mecca <strong>\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0629<\/strong> as it is known today) and was known as <strong>The Truth-Teller and the Loyal<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0646<\/strong>. He was honest, wise, and spiritual and never drank wine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0At the age of forty and while he was in his meditation hideout (a cave on top of a mountain around Mecca), Muhammad received the angel Gabriel <strong>\u062c\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644<\/strong> for the first time and since then his Islam message was started as he was ordered to pass Allah&#8217;s message to all people and to worship only One God. Soon, Muhammad secretly started his mission and began with his closest relatives and friends. The people of Mecca were pagans and they quickly heard of Muhammad activity that was against their interests. They oppressed him and his followers for thirteen years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RAPpl8Y7bkg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 During these thirteen years, Muhammad sent good Muslim followers to other cities and villages to spread the word of Islam. Some people, who heard the word, came to Mecca and met Muhammad in person. Among those, was a delegation <strong>\u0648\u0641\u0640\u0640\u062f<\/strong> from Madinah <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u062f\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0629<\/strong>. Those good and new Muslim people from Madinah offered refuge to Muhammad and his followers. So, when Muhammad lost all freedom of expression <strong>\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0631<\/strong> and saw his followers dying from torture, He ordered them all to migrate to Madinah and he himself followed them in the company of his best friend Abo-Bakr. Now, this Migration <strong>\u0647\u0640\u0640\u062c\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0629<\/strong> (Hijrah) marks a very important event in the Islamic history because Islam in Madina was secure and Muslims had all the freedom to spread the word of Allah everywhere. Day after day, Islam gained more land and more and more followers. Prophet Muhammad died when the Muslim lands were expanding to include all the Arabic Peninsula.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Omar Ibn Al-Khattab <strong>\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u0628\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u0640\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0628<\/strong> was the second Muslim Caliph. During his time, the expansion of the Muslim lands was exceptional. One day and 17 years after the Hijrah incident and precisely in the year 622 A.D. the Caliph Omar received a Saqq <strong>\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0643<\/strong> (check <strong>\u0634\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0643<\/strong>) that was due in the month of Sha&#8217;ban <strong>\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646<\/strong>. Muslims till that time still had no calendar of their own, so Omar wondered which Sha&#8217;ban? Was it the last? Is it this current? Or Is it that coming next year!?. Because of this incident, Omar had a meeting with his assistants and decided to start their own Muslim calendar. The question was when to start it. There were many suggestions of important Islamic events, but Ali Ibn Abi-Talib <strong>\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0628\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0637\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0628<\/strong> suggested the year when the prophet migrated from Mecca to Madina and that was it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 So, The Muslim calendar was started by the Second Muslim Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab in the year 17 A.H. (After Hijra). It is also called the Arabic Calendar or the Islamic Calendar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Islamic Calendar and the Months in Islam\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HKdN005Kdnw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9IC1tv_t3Tg\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9IC1tv_t3Tg<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>*****<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong><u>Check us back soon<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Peace \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u00a0\/Salam\/<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"193\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/10\/Happy-New-Hijri-Year_Image-via-altarqeemnews-350x193.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image tmp-hide-img\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/10\/Happy-New-Hijri-Year_Image-via-altarqeemnews-350x193.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/10\/Happy-New-Hijri-Year_Image-via-altarqeemnews.jpg 590w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 Ahlan \u0623\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0652\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u064b , Arabic lovers! Today is the first day of the new Hijri year (1437), so Happy New Hijri Year to everyone! In today&#8217;s post we are going to know how this calendar was started and who started it. We have learnt in a previous post about the Arabic names of weekdays&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/how-did-the-islamic-hijri-calendar-begin\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":11383,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3525,3,11,13],"tags":[3532,404582,8577,253592,404581,364683,364685,364686],"class_list":["post-11382","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arabic-language","category-culture","category-pronunciation","category-vocabulary","tag-arabic-culture","tag-how-did-the-hijri-calendar-start","tag-islam","tag-islamic-history","tag-omar-ibn-al-khattab","tag-the-arabic-calendar","tag-the-hijri-calendar","tag-the-islamic-calendar"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/71"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11382"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11384,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11382\/revisions\/11384"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}