![\"Nominal](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2017\/03\/arabic-script-1174145_1920-350x263.jpg\")
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Some Arabic learners out there might be struggling with Arabic vocabulary or complaining that they don’t know enough words. Arabic vocabulary is indeed quite rich and varied, but it is also systematic. One beautiful aspect of the Arabic language is its productivity when it comes to word formation.<\/p>\n
What is derivation?<\/strong><\/p>\n Derivation or what is called \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Al-ishtiqaaq <\/strong>in Arabic, is a process by which a group of words that have a similar meaning are derived from one basic morpheme: the root \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0650\u0630\u0652\u0631\u00a0<\/strong> Al-jethr<\/strong>.\u00a0 The Arabic root is often comprised of three consonants.<\/p>\n Sometimes, ten words or more belonging to the same family can be easily derived from a single morpheme. Derivation is a great feature that every Arabic learner should be aware of; something that can make a difference to their learning experience and accelerate the rate at which they can acquire vocabulary.<\/p>\n Derivation is like a recycling process where you start working with the raw substance (root), and then get something else (new words) out of it. In English, a new word can be derived by adding a prefix (un<\/strong>happy) or a suffix (happiness<\/strong>) to the base (happy<\/strong>). However, Arabic – unlike English – is a non-linear language and so a new word isn’t formed by adding a prefix or suffix. Instead, it’s formed through making a change in the word template:<\/strong> a different combination of vowels [V] and consonants [C] that makes up a word and determine the word’s function or grammatical feature (noun, verb, object, etc).<\/p>\n For example, the consonantal root of the word \u201cwriting\u201d is k t b \u0643 \u062a \u0628 . To make it into a verb in the past tense<\/strong>, the root is associated with the template of:<\/p>\n CV<\/strong>CV<\/strong>C<\/p>\n ka<\/strong>ta<\/strong>b <\/em>\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628<\/p>\n (C) refers to consonants while the (v) refers to (short) vowels, which are indicated by the diacritics here.<\/p>\n So, the rhythm (vocalic melody) of ‘wrote’ is: (a – a<\/strong>). This can be then be applied to any root, to generate the active past tense of regular verbs.<\/p>\n But, if we want to make the root k t b \u0643 \u062a \u0628 \u00a0into an a different a noun: active participial (subject)<\/strong>, the template we are going to associate it with is CVVCVC. What happened is that the word changed its form from a verb into a noun (subject) by doubling the first vowel (v).<\/p>\n CVV<\/strong>CV<\/strong>C<\/p>\n kaa<\/strong>ti<\/strong>b <\/em>\u0643\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628<\/p>\n The vocalic melody we apply is also different; it is: (a – i<\/strong>).<\/p>\n – The example below shows how we can get five words, just by using one root.<\/p>\n E.g.:<\/strong><\/p>\n The writer wrote<\/strong> the book<\/strong> in the library<\/strong>, which is near his office<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0647<\/p>\n Kataba \u00a0\u00a0al-kaatib\u00a0 \u00a0al-kitaab \u00a0\u00a0fi\u00a0 \u00a0al-maktaba \u00a0\u00a0allati \u00a0\u00a0b-il-qurb \u00a0\u00a0min\u00a0 \u00a0maktab-ih<\/p>\n \u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Katab<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 al-kaatib<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 al-kitaab<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 al-maktaba<\/p>\n \u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0647 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0maktab-ih<\/p>\n The good thing is: even if you don’t know what the word exactly means, you can still work out its root and see what it could mean in context.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Some Arabic learners out there might be struggling with Arabic vocabulary or complaining that they don’t know enough words. Arabic vocabulary is indeed quite rich and varied, but it is also systematic. One beautiful aspect of the Arabic language is its productivity when it comes to word formation. What is derivation? Derivation or what…<\/p>\n