{"id":15309,"date":"2018-02-13T08:50:57","date_gmt":"2018-02-13T08:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=15309"},"modified":"2018-02-13T09:35:55","modified_gmt":"2018-02-13T09:35:55","slug":"arabic-word-formationblending-in-egyptian-dialect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/arabic-word-formationblending-in-egyptian-dialect\/","title":{"rendered":"Word-formation in Arabic: Blending in Egyptian Dialect"},"content":{"rendered":"

Colloquial use of Arabic is associated with mistakes in grammar, pronunciation, and word-formation. This is not new; it\u2019s been around since the early days of Islam, mainly in the speech of non-Arabs. It first emerged in the wrong assignment of final diacritical marks, that is parsing or I\u2018raab \u0625\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong>. Except for borrowed words, colloquial usage in all Arabic varieties is derived from Classical Arabic. This post highlights an aspect of colloquialism in Egyptian dialect\u2014blending or \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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Contrary to the common belief, especially by many learners of Arabic, Egyptian Dialect of Arabic is not hugely different and separate from Modern Standard Arabic. Besides I\u2018raab \u0625\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong>, which it has almost completely lost and replaced by taskeen<\/em> \u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0646<\/strong>, i.e. regular assignment of sukuun<\/em> to word endings, it varies in the pronunciation of certain speech sounds, assignment of internal diacritics, and word formation, such as blending \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Blending \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a<\/strong> is a way of creating new words in many world languages. Take the case of smog<\/em> and brunch<\/em> in English, which derived from two words, namely smoke <\/em>and fog<\/em> and breakfast <\/em>and lunch<\/em>, respectively. It is essentially taking one part of a word and combining it with one part from another word to form a new word.<\/p>\n

In Arabic, blending \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a <\/strong>is triggered by the desire to be swift and concise particularly while speaking. It occurs between two or more words. Following are explanations of some commonly used blends in Egyptian dialects. (note: all examples are in colloquial Egyptian).<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/strong> means \u2018also\u2019 or \u2018too\u2019. It is taken from \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 <\/strong>and \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \/ \u0625\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f <\/strong>\u2018and certainly also\u2019, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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  • \u0645\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0639\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0632 \u0628\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0633\u0650\u064a <\/strong>\u2018Mohammed wants Pepsi.\u2019\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 <\/strong>\u2018and me too\u2019<\/li>\n
  • \u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628 \u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0643 <\/strong>\u2018write your name\u2019 \u060c \u0648\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0643 <\/strong>\u2018and also your address\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    2)\u00a0 \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0647<\/span> \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0647<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n

    \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0647<\/strong> means \u2018yes\u2019. It is taken from \u0625\u0650\u064a <\/strong>\u2018yes\u2019 and \u0648<\/strong> \u2018preposition for swearing, i.e. I swear\u2019 and the \u0647\u0640<\/strong> at the end is for pausing, called haa al-saktah <\/em>\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>in Arabic grammar, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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    • \u0634\u0650\u0631\u0650\u0628\u0652\u062a \u0634\u064e\u0627\u064a\u061f <\/strong>\u2018did you drink teas?\u2019 \u060c \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0647! <\/strong>\u2018yes!\u2019<\/li>\n
    • \u0631\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u061f <\/strong>\u2018did you tidy the room or not?\u2019 \u060c \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0647\u060c \u0631\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0627. <\/strong>\u2018yes, I tidied it.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      3)\u00a0 \u0625\u0650\u0634\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

      \u0625\u0650\u0634\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong> means \u2018why\u2019. It is taken from \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0649<\/strong> \u2018what\u2019s the meaning\u2019, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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      • \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0632 \u0639\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644. <\/strong>\u2018I want honey.\u2019 \u060c \u0625\u0650\u0634\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u061f <\/strong>\u2018why\u2019<\/li>\n
      • \u0625\u0650\u0634\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u062f\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0631\u061f! <\/strong>\u2018why are you always late?\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        4)\u00a0 \u0625\u0650\u0632\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n

        \u0625\u0650\u0632\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/strong> means \u2018how are you?\u2019. It is taken from \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0634 \u0632\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/strong> \u2018what are your wearing\u2019 and used to mean how is your health, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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        • \u0635\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631! \u0625\u0650\u0632\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0643\u061f <\/strong>\u2018good morning! how are you?\u2019<\/li>\n
        • \u0625\u0650\u0632\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0651\u064e\u0629\u061f <\/strong>\u2018how\u2019s your health?\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          5)\u00a0 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

          \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646<\/strong> means \u2018later\u2019. It is taken from \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064b\u0627 <\/strong>\u2018later\u2019 (Classical Arabic form) or \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647<\/strong> or \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 <\/strong>depending on the context, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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          • \u0627\u0650\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0650\u0644 \u0644\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a! <\/strong>\u2018call Hani!\u2019 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062a\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u063a\u064f\u0648\u0644. <\/strong>\u2018later, I am busy now.\u2019<\/li>\n
          • \u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645 \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u061f <\/strong>\u2018what did you do?\u2019 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0624\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/strong> \u2018later, I will tell you.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            6)\u00a0 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n

            \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643<\/strong> means \u2018you seem ..\u2019.It is taken from \u0628\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643 <\/strong>\u2018your certainly seem\u2019, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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            • \u0645\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u064a\u064e\u0627 \u0637\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646! <\/strong>\u2018good evening dude, you seem tired!\u2019<\/li>\n
            • \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064f\u0647<\/strong> \u0645\u064f\u0634\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0632 <\/strong>\u2018it seems he\u2019s not focused.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              7)\u00a0 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0652<\/span> \/ \u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

              \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/strong> and \u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646 <\/strong>mean \u2018in order to\u2019 or \u2018for\u2019. Both are taken from \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0634\u064e\u0623\u0646 <\/strong>\u2018idiomatic expression from Modern Standard Arabic that mean in order to<\/em>\u2019, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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              • \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0629 \u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0634\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0641 \u0647\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a. <\/strong>\u2018I am going to school in order to see Hani.\u2019<\/li>\n
              • \u0628\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0647!<\/strong> \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0632 \u0641\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0633 <\/strong>\u2018dad! I want money.\u2019 \u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u061f <\/strong>\u2018for what?\u2019<\/li>\n
              • \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0642\u064e\u062d\u060c \u0644\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0645 \u062a\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0627\u0643\u0650\u0631! <\/strong>\u2018in order to success, you must study!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                8)\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648<\/span> \/ \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n

                \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648<\/strong> \/ \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648 <\/strong>means \u2018which one \/ where is he\/it\u2019. It is taken from \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0647\u064f\u0648 <\/strong>or \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u064f\u0648<\/strong>, both used in Modern Standard Arabic to mean \u2018where is it \/ he\u2019, as in these examples:<\/p>\n

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                • \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0650\u0631\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0641\u061f <\/strong>\u2018where is the skillful player?\u2019<\/li>\n
                • \u0628\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u064e\u0647\u061f <\/strong>\u2018how much is this book?\u2019 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u061f <\/strong>\u2018which one?\u2019 \u060c \u062f\u064e\u0647!<\/strong> \u2018 this!\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  9)\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a<\/span> \/ \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645<\/span> <\/strong><\/h5>\n

                  \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a <\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>and \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645 <\/strong>are variation of \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648 <\/strong>in (8). They are for \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0647\u0650\u064a \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651 <\/strong>and \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0647\u064f\u0645 \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u064f\u0645<\/strong>, respectively.<\/p>\n