{"id":15325,"date":"2018-02-20T08:53:27","date_gmt":"2018-02-20T08:53:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=15325"},"modified":"2018-02-20T08:53:27","modified_gmt":"2018-02-20T08:53:27","slug":"basic-sentence-structure-in-arabic-multiple-subjects-indefinite-subject","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/basic-sentence-structure-in-arabic-multiple-subjects-indefinite-subject\/","title":{"rendered":"Basic Sentence Structure in Arabic (IV)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In a <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/basic-sentence-structure-in-arabic\/\">previous post<\/a>, you learned about the types of sentence in Arabic. It is either nominal <strong>\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong> or verbal <strong>\u0641\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong>. The nominal must start with a noun called the <em>subject\/topic <\/em><strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623<\/strong>. It is called <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>because it is the focus of the sentence. Other words that follow (or may precede) state something about it and are called the <em>predicate <\/em><strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/strong>. This post focuses on the <em>subject <\/em><strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>that is indefinite <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>and on the nominal sentence that has two serial <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623<\/strong>\u2014the first <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>and the second <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15326\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"601\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2.png 601w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2-350x306.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">What is the <em>subject\/topic<\/em> \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623?<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <em>Subject\/Topic<\/em> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623<\/strong> is a noun <strong>\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 <\/strong>with which every nominal sentence must start. It requires that something\u2014the <em>predicate<\/em> <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/strong>\u2014be stated about it to form a meaningful nominal sentence. Also, it must be <em>definite<\/em> <strong>\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, that is known to the hearer\/reader.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>The forms of \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 <em>definite nouns<\/em>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Proper nouns:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0634\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u2026. etc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Definite common nouns (i.e. begin with the definite article, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640<\/strong>):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0645\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0648\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u2026. etc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pronouns:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0646\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0646\u064f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>&#8230;.. etc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>iDHafah<\/em> <strong>\u0625\u0650\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>\u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/genitive-construction-in-arabic\/\">genitive construction<\/a>\u2019 (an indefinite noun added to a definite noun):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0628\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong> <strong>\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u064a<\/strong>, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0634\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0643\u064e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0630\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u2026. etc.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of definite nouns\/<em>definite subject <\/em><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>can be found in <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/indefinite-nouns-and-definite-nouns-in-arabic\/\">this post.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">The <em>indefinite <\/em>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are cases where the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623 <\/strong>can be <em>indefinite <\/em><strong>\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>. Like English, <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>in Arabic is a word, namely a noun or an adjective, that does not refer to a specific entity\/thing. It is basically a word without the definite article <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640 <\/strong>or the first word of an <em>iDHafah <\/em>structure.<\/p>\n<p>There are many conditions under which a nominal sentence can have a <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>that is <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>. However, the most common is when the <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>is a <em>prepositional phrase<\/em> (a preposition of location + a noun) <strong>\u0634\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0647 \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/strong> which literally means \u2018semi-sentence\u2019, here are a few examples:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062f\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><strong>\u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0651\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0643\/ \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u2026. etc.<\/p>\n<p>The rule is that when the <em>predicate <\/em><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>is a prepositional phrase <strong>\u0634\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0647 \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623 <\/strong>must come after it (contrary to the common rule) as in examples (2), (5), and (8) in the table above. Here are more examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a \u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong> \u2018I have a book.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0634\u0652\u0628 \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629<\/strong> \u2018In the grass is a poisonous snake.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0633\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/strong> \u2018Inside the room is a bed.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0629 \u0643\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u062d\u0651\u0650\u0634<\/strong> \u2018In the forest is a wild dog.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0647 \/ \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639 <\/strong>\u2018There is a tank in the street.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Two Consecutive <em>Subjects\/ Topics <\/em>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 1 + \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 2 + \u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Another form of the nominal sentence in Arabic that is commonly used in both formal and informal settings is the nominal sentence that has two <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>in a row. This type of sentence has two nominal sentences. One is main, and the other is embedded, as in examples (3), (6), and (9) in the table above.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at sentence (3).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong> is the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>of the main nominal sentence, and its <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>is <strong>\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong> constitutes the embedded nominal sentence with<strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u00a0<\/strong>being the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>and <strong>\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644 <\/strong>is its <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/strong>. Hence, the whole sentence, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644 <\/strong>\u2018the color of the car is beautiful\u2019 can be analyzed as follows:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>: first <em>subject\/topic<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong>: second <em>subject\/topic<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong>: <em>predicate <\/em>of the second <em>subject\/predicate<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong>: both constitute the <em>predicate <\/em>of the first <em>subject\/predicate. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Here are more examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u0648\u064f\u0647\u064f \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong> \u2018the weather of Yemen is nice.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0645 \u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0647 \u0644\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0630<\/strong> \u2018the food of this restaurant is delicious.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f \u062e\u064e\u0637\u0651\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0631\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0639<\/strong> \u2018Ahmed\u2019s handwriting is fantastic.\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062f \u0635\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0641<\/strong> \u2018the roar of the lion is scary.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>One thing that you should note is that most two consecutive <em>subjects<\/em> can be change into an <em>iDHafah <\/em>structure that as whole forms one <em>subject<\/em>, hence:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong> becomes <strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0629 \u0634\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0647\u0627<\/strong> becomes <strong>\u0634\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0652\u062a \u0634\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/strong> become <strong>\u0634\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u0648\u064f\u0647\u064f <\/strong>becomes <strong>\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646 <\/strong>\u2026.. and so forth.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Describing the <em>Subject\/Topic<\/em> \u0648\u064e\u0635\u0652\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the table above, you can see some intervening words between the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>and its <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/strong>. These words are adjectives or adjective phrases. In (4) in the table above, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a <\/strong>is an adjective that describes the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong>, hence <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a<\/strong>. In (5), <strong>\u0636\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0645 <\/strong>describes <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062f<\/strong>. In (7), <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>is an adjective clause describing <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651<\/strong>. In (8), the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>which is <strong>\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644 <\/strong>is followed by two adjectives <strong>\u0635\u064e\u063a\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 <\/strong>and a verbal sentence <strong>\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a <\/strong>(which describes the manner of <strong>\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p>Also, you must remember that the adjective that follow the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 <\/strong>must agree with it in definiteness, gender, and number. For example, <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a <\/strong>in (4) is a definite adjective because it describes a definite noun\/<strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong> (i.e. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0644<\/strong>). Similarly, <strong>\u0636\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0645 <\/strong>in (5) is an indefinite adjective because it describes an indefinite <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, when constructing a nominal sentence, you can augment it using adjectives, adjective phrases, or adjective phrase with the <strong>\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong>. Also, the <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>can be expanded using other means. This along with the different types of <strong>\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>will be dealt with in the next post.<\/p>\n<p>Alphabetical list of the vocabulary in the table:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">The room<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">The car<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Lion<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062f <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">The old<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">The street<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0650\u0631\u0650\u0639 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Blonde<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">The cat<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">The tree<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">The food<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0644 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">Casino<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0648<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Her hair<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0634\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">The girl<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">Big<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Its street<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0634\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">The house<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0628\u0652\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">Delicious<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0630<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Little\/small<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0635\u064e\u063a\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Under<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a\u064e <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">Its color<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0647\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Huge<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0636\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Who (fem)<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">The city<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0629 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Narrow<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0636\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Beautiful<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">The restaurant<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0645 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Child<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Who (masc.)<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"62\">Cries<\/td>\n<td width=\"149\"><strong>\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"88\">Arabic<\/td>\n<td width=\"112\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"98\">Fat<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2-350x306.png\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2-350x306.png 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/02\/nominal-sentence-2.png 601w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>In a previous post, you learned about the types of sentence in Arabic. It is either nominal \u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 or verbal \u0641\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629. The nominal must start with a noun called the subject\/topic \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u0623. It is called \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623 because it is the focus of the sentence. Other words that follow (or may precede) state something about it&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/basic-sentence-structure-in-arabic-multiple-subjects-indefinite-subject\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":15326,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,13],"tags":[462735,462734,209363],"class_list":["post-15325","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-vocabulary","tag-indefinite-mubtada-subject","tag-multiple-subjects-topics-mubtada","tag-nominal-sentence"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Arabic Nominal Sentence with an indefinite subject\/topic or mubtada and Arabic Nominal Sentence with two subjects\/topics or 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