{"id":16295,"date":"2018-09-11T22:01:44","date_gmt":"2018-09-11T22:01:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=16295"},"modified":"2018-09-21T00:52:27","modified_gmt":"2018-09-21T00:52:27","slug":"insights-into-arabic-verb-usage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/insights-into-arabic-verb-usage\/","title":{"rendered":"Some Insights into Arabic Verb Usage (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Certain rules of Arabic verb conjunction, formation, meaning, and pronunciation are oftentimes overlooked because they are minute and needs a meticulous learner or instructor to discover and\/or pay attention to. Knowing these niceties lead to more accurate language use and speedier language learning overall. This post gives a list of rules and illustrations that concern the usage of Arabic verbs.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16296\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"654\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity.png 654w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity-350x208.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 654px) 100vw, 654px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">(1) Transitivity<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Verbs are either transitive <strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064e\u064a <\/strong>(i.e. needs an object) or intransitive <strong>\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0645 <\/strong>(i.e. does not need an object). In Arabic, many intransitive verbs can be made transitive in two ways:<\/p>\n<p>(a) Adding <em>hamzah<\/em> <strong>\u0623<\/strong> to the beginning of the beginning of the tri-consonantal verb. This results in the formation of causative verbs (i.e. to cause someone to do something), as in these examples:<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0645<\/strong><strong> Intransitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a<\/strong><strong> Transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062e\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The student went out<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The teacher made the student go out<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0636\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">People laughed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0636\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The jester made people laugh.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062c\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The baby sat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The mother made the baby sit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The man became afraid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644\u064e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The lion made the man afraid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>If the verb is already a transitive one, adding a <em>hamzah <\/em><strong>\u0623<\/strong> to it makes it di-transitive (i.e. needing two objects), as in these examples:<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644<\/strong><strong> Transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 Di-transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0641\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Ali understood the lesson<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The teacher made Ali understand the lesson<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0633\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The old man wore a keffiyeh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062e\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The son made the old man wear a keffiyeh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Samir listened to a song.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0635\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Samir made his friends listen to a song.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>(b) Doubling the middle letter of the tri-consonantal verb. The resulting verb is also causative, as in these examples:<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0645<\/strong><strong> Intransitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a<\/strong><strong> Transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0631\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The baby slept<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0631\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The mother made the baby sleep.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0636\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">People laughed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0636\u064e\u062d\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The jester made people laugh.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062c\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0644.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The baby sat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062c\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0633\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064f.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The mother made the baby sit.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The passengers \/riders descended the car.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064e\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The police made the passengers descend the car.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Similar to the addition of <em>hamzah<\/em> to tri-consonantal transitive verbs, if the middle letter of the tri-consonantal transitive is doubled, it becomes ditransitive, as in these examples:<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644<\/strong><strong> Transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 Di-transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0641\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u064c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Ali understood the lesson<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0641\u064e\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The teacher made Ali understand the lesson<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0633\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The old man wore a keffiyeh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062e\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The son made the old man wear a keffiyeh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064f\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062d\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The boy ate the apple<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064f\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062d\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The father made the boy eat the apple<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Samir listened to a song<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0635\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Samir made his friends listen to a song<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>You may wonder what the difference between <strong>\u0641\u064e\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e <\/strong>and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0645<\/strong>; <strong>\u0644\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0633\u064e <\/strong>and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0633\u064e<\/strong>; <strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e <\/strong>and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0639<\/strong>; <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e <\/strong>and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0644 <\/strong>and so forth. They are the same as far as transitivity is concerned. Meaning-wise, verb with double middle letter can mean repetition of the action, so <strong>\u0633\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0623\u064e\u0635\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>means action of \u2018making his friends listen\u2019 is done again and again (multiple times).<\/p>\n<p><strong>(2) Intransitivity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While some additions make some triconsonantal verbs transitive or ditransitive, other additions can make similar verb intransitive. Adding <strong>\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0640 <\/strong>to the start of some triconsonantal verbs change them from transitive to intransitive, as in these examples:<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a <\/strong><strong>\u00a0Transitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0645<\/strong> <strong>Intransitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0643\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The waiter broke the plate<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0646\u064f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The plate broke<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0630\u0650\u0629\u064e. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I opened the window.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The window opened (by itself).<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0635\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The teacher asked the students to leave.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The students left.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0639\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0635\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0652\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The thief bent the pole.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0652\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The pole bent by itself.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>(3) Pronunciation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When conjugated into the imperfective form, perfective verbs that are composed of three consonant letters get <em>fatHah <\/em>on the imperfective prefixes, as in (a). On the other hand, perfective verbs that are composed of consonant letters such as <strong>\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064e\u062f\u064e<\/strong> \u2018to watch\u2019, <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0641\u064e<\/strong> \u2018to clean\u2019, <strong>\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644<\/strong> \u2018to complete\u2019, and <strong>\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0631\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to tell\u2019 must get <em>DHammah <\/em>on the imperfective prefix when conjugated into the imperfective form, as in (b).<\/p>\n<p>(a)<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0636\u064d<\/strong><strong> Perfective <\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\" width=\"312\"><strong>\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639<\/strong> <strong>Imperfective<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062a \u0631\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I wrote a novel<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064f \u0631\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0629 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I am writing a new novel.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">we slept for an hour<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">we sleep for an hour after lunch.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">he read the newspaper<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u064a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0623\u064f \u062c\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">he is reading the morning newspaper.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0637\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062e\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">she cooked dinner<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062a\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e\u064f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0621.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">she is cooking lunch<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0634\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">you drank pineapple juice<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062a\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0648\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">you are drinking mulberry juice<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644 \u0645\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064b.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">they returned from work in the evening<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u064a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u0650\u0629 \u0638\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">they return home at 1:00 pm<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In the above table, you see that the prefixes of the imperfective forms get <em>fatHah<\/em>, hence <strong>\u0623\u064e<\/strong>, <strong>\u0646\u064e\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u064a\u064e\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u062a\u064e\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u062a\u064e\u0640<\/strong>, and <strong>\u064a\u064e\u0640<\/strong>, respectively.<\/p>\n<p>(b)<\/p>\n<table class=\"tablepress aligncenter\" dir=\"rtl\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645 \u0643\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I watched Tom Cruise\u2019s new movie.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u064f\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0639.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">I watch one movie per week<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0650\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0646\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">we cleaned the flat before we moved in.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0646\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0634\u0650\u0642\u0651\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0639.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">we clean our flat every week.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0623\u0643\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">he completed his homework before sleeping<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">he is completing his homework now<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Salwa helped her mother.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064f \u0633\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Salwa is helping her sister<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u00a0\u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0636\u0650\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">did you participate in last month competition<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0643 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">do you participate in every competition<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0646\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">they defended their country<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"312\">\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong>\u064a\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0646\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">they are defending their country<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In (b), the imperfective form prefixes get <em>DHammah<\/em>, hence <strong>\u0623\u064f<\/strong>, <strong>\u0646\u064f\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u064a\u064f\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u062a\u064f\u0640<\/strong>, <strong>\u062a\u064f\u0640<\/strong>, and <strong>\u064a\u064f\u0640<\/strong>, respectively.<\/p>\n<p>In the next post, you will learn more verb rules about conjugation, formation, meaning, and pronunciation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"208\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity-350x208.png\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity-350x208.png 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/09\/verb-transitivity.png 654w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>Certain rules of Arabic verb conjunction, formation, meaning, and pronunciation are oftentimes overlooked because they are minute and needs a meticulous learner or instructor to discover and\/or pay attention to. Knowing these niceties lead to more accurate language use and speedier language learning overall. This post gives a list of rules and illustrations that concern&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/insights-into-arabic-verb-usage\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":16296,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,11,13],"tags":[3531,512643,512642,512641,512644,166],"class_list":["post-16295","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-pronunciation","category-vocabulary","tag-arabic","tag-ditransitive","tag-intransitive","tag-transitive","tag-transitivity","tag-verbs"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Some Insights into Arabic verb conjunction, formation, meaning, and pronunciation\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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