{"id":16335,"date":"2018-10-11T01:49:57","date_gmt":"2018-10-11T01:49:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=16335"},"modified":"2018-10-11T01:49:57","modified_gmt":"2018-10-11T01:49:57","slug":"some-insights-into-the-usage-arabic-verb-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/some-insights-into-the-usage-arabic-verb-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Some Insights into Arabic Verb Usage (2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

In an earlier post<\/a>, we looked at how intransitive verbs are made transitive and vice versa. This is done by adding or dropping a letter or letters to the basic verb. A verb like \u0646\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0644\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to get down\u2019 is made transitive in two ways: adding hamzah <\/em>or doubling the middle letter, hence \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0644 <\/strong>or \u0646\u064e\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to cause to get down\u2019. Similarly, the verb \u0643\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to break\u2019 is made intransitive by adding two letters, that is \u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e<\/strong> \u2018to get broken\u2019. In this post, more insights about the usage of Arabic verb are presented.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(1) The Imperative Verb:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The imperative verb is always derived from the imperfective form of the verb, namely the third person masculine singular form. In the course of the derivation, some rules are to be observed. Let\u2019s look at the following groups of verbs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Perfective \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0636\u0650\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\nImperfective \u0645\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639 <\/strong><\/td>\nImperative \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(A)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u064e\u0638\u064e\u0631\u064e<\/strong> he looked<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631<\/strong> he looks<\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631<\/strong> look<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0637\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062e\u064e<\/strong> he cooked<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e<\/strong> he cooks<\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e<\/strong> cook<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e<\/strong> he wrote<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628<\/strong> he writes<\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628<\/strong> write<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(B)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e<\/strong> he sat<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633<\/strong> he sits<\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633<\/strong> sit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e<\/strong> he knew<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645<\/strong> he knows<\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645<\/strong> know that ..<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/strong> he carried<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644<\/strong> he carries<\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644<\/strong> carry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(C)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064e\u062f\u064e<\/strong> he watched<\/td>\n\u064a\u064f\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u064f<\/strong> he watches<\/td>\n\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f<\/strong> watch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0641\u064e<\/strong> he cleaned<\/td>\n\u064a\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064f<\/strong> he cleans<\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641<\/strong> clean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e<\/strong> he closed<\/td>\n\u064a\u064f\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u064f<\/strong> he closed<\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642<\/strong> close<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(D)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e<\/strong> he said<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644<\/strong> he says<\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0644<\/strong> say<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u064e\u0627\u064e\u0639\u064e<\/strong> he sold<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0639\u064f<\/strong> he sells<\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0639<\/strong> sell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/strong> he was<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646<\/strong> he is<\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u0646<\/strong> be<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e<\/strong> he stood<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645<\/strong> he stands<\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0645<\/strong> stand<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

In (A) and (B), the perfective form of the verbs is composed of three letters. To derive the imperfective, the imperfective prefix \u064a\u0640 <\/strong>is added. To derive the imperative form, the \u064a\u0640 <\/strong>is dropped and is replaced by \u0627 <\/strong>(which is called hamzat al-wasl<\/em>). The reason it is added is that after dropping the \u064a\u0640<\/strong>, verbs start with sukuun<\/em>. This is not allowed in Arabic; therefore, \u0627 <\/strong>is added.<\/p>\n

Also, you can see that there is a DHammah <\/em>over hamzat al-wasl <\/em>in (A), but in (B) there is a kasrah <\/em>below it. This is determined by the type of diacritical mark on the middle letter in the imperfective. That is, if the middle letter of root verb in the imperfective has a DHammah<\/em>, then hamzat al-wasl <\/em>should be accompanied by DHammah<\/em>. If the middle letter has a fatHah <\/em>or a kasrah<\/em>, then hamzat al-wasl <\/em>should always be accompanied by a kasrah<\/em>.<\/p>\n

In (C), the perfective verb is composed of four letters. The imperfective is formed by adding the imperfective prefix \u064a\u0640<\/strong>. The imperative entails dropping this prefix. The remainder verb after dropping it does not start with sukuun<\/em>; therefore, there is no need to add hamzat al-wasl<\/em>. It is the imperative form as is.<\/p>\n

In (D), the perfective verb is composed of three letters, the middle of which is a vowel \u0627<\/strong>. This makes verb conjugation irregular. In the imperfective, this vowel \u0627 <\/strong>changes to \u0648 <\/strong>or \u0640\u064a\u0640<\/strong>. In the imperative, it is dropped altogether. The reason it is dropped is that the last letter of imperative verbs must have a sukuun <\/em>over it. The letter that precedes it also has a sukuun <\/em>over it. In Arabic, it is forbidden to have two sukuun<\/em>s in a row. When this happens, the first letter in the sequence must be dropped, hence \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646 <\/strong>become \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652<\/strong>, \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0639 <\/strong>becomes \u0628\u0650\u0639\u0652<\/strong>, and so forth.<\/p>\n

The subject of imperative verbs in the table above is the second person masculine singular \u2018you\u2019. If it is the second person feminine singular, then the feminine marker \u064a <\/strong>is added, hence \u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a<\/strong>, \u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0650\u064a<\/strong>, and \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a<\/strong>. If it is the second person masculine plural, the plural suffix is added, hence \u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong>, \u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong>, and \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627<\/strong>. So is the case with the second person feminine plural: \u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong>, \u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong>, and \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In (D), if the subject of the imperative verb is the second person feminine singular or the second person masculine plural, the vowel letter is not dropped because the feminine marker and the plural suffix change the diacritical marks, and the sequences of two sukuun<\/em>s no longer exist, hence \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644 <\/strong>becomes \u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/strong> and \u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong>. With second person feminine plural, the vowel is still dropped because the sequence of two sukuun<\/em>s sill persists.<\/p>\n

The following table summarizes the above explanation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Basic verb<\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person masculine singular<\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person feminine singular<\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person masculine plural<\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person feminine plural<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(A)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u064e\u0638\u064e\u0631\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0638\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0637\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062e\u064e <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0637\u0628\u064f\u062e\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064f\u062e\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u064f\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(B)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0633\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062c\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0650\u062d\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(C)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0634\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0638\u0651\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(D)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0639\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0639\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>(2) Verbs of waw<\/em>:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

Basic verbs that are composed of three letters, the first of which is \u0648<\/strong>, such as \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to find\u2019, \u0648\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to promise\u2019 and \u0648\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to arrive\u2019 lose this \u0648 <\/strong>when the imperfective form is derived. The following list illustrates:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Perfective \/ basic \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0636\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nImperfective \u0645\u064f\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0639<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nImperative \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u064e<\/strong> he found<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u062c\u0650\u062f<\/strong> he finds<\/td>\n\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0652<\/strong> find<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0648\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e<\/strong> he promised<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0639\u0650\u062f<\/strong> he promises<\/td>\n\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0652<\/strong> promise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0648\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0639\u064e<\/strong> he put<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0639<\/strong> he puts<\/td>\n\u0636\u064e\u0639\u0652<\/strong> put<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0648\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0646\u064e<\/strong> he weighed<\/td>\n\u064a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0646<\/strong> he weighs<\/td>\n\u0632\u0650\u0646\u0652<\/strong> weigh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The reason for dropping the \u0648 <\/strong>is that it has a sukuun<\/em> over it, and is flanked by two fatHah<\/em>s or a fatHah <\/em>and a kasrah<\/em> over \/ below the preceding and following letters. This makes the pronunciation cumbersome; therefore, the \u0648 <\/strong>is dropped altogether.<\/p>\n

(3) Irregular Verbs with Attached Pronouns:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

Perfective \/ basic verbs such as \u062e\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to fear\u2019, \u0633\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e <\/strong>\u2018march\/walk\u2019, \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e <\/strong>\u2018to say\u2019, and alike behave irregularly when followed by first and second person attached pronouns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n1st<\/sup> person \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Separate \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0635\u0650\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\nAttached \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\nSeparate<\/td>\nAttached<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Singular \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong> I<\/td>\n\u0640\u062a\u064f<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e<\/strong> you (masc.)<\/p>\n

\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650<\/strong> you (fem.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0640\u062a\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0640\u062a\u0650<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Plural \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0646\u064f<\/strong> we<\/td>\n\u0640\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n\n

\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645<\/strong> you (masc.)<\/p>\n

\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong> you (fem.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0640\u062a\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

When verbs of this type are followed by the any of the six attached pronouns listed in the above table, the middle vowel letter is dropped, as illustrated below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Perfective \/ basic verb<\/td>\n1st<\/sup> person attached pronoun<\/td>\n2nd<\/sup> person attached pronoun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e<\/strong> stood<\/td>\n\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u0650<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e<\/strong> walked \/ marched<\/td>\n\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u0650<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0641\u064e<\/strong> feared<\/td>\n\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u062a\u0650<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062e\u064f\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/strong> was<\/td>\n\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The reason for dropping the vowel \u0627 <\/strong>is that the addition of the attached pronoun triggers a sukuun <\/em>on the letter that precedes it. Since \u0627 <\/strong>(the alif<\/em>) is always accompanied by a sukuun<\/em>, a sequence of two sukuun<\/em>s occurs. Therefore, the rule of two consecutive sukuun<\/em>s must be applied \u2013dropping the first letter in the sequence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

In an earlier post, we looked at how intransitive verbs are made transitive and vice versa. This is done by adding or dropping a letter or letters to the basic verb. A verb like \u0646\u064e\u0632\u064e\u0644\u064e \u2018to get down\u2019 is made transitive in two ways: adding hamzah or doubling the middle letter, hence \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0644 or \u0646\u064e\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":16337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,13],"tags":[3531,83,3234],"class_list":["post-16335","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-vocabulary","tag-arabic","tag-imperative","tag-irregular-verbs"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/148"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16335"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16338,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16335\/revisions\/16338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}