{"id":16345,"date":"2018-10-18T22:29:41","date_gmt":"2018-10-18T22:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=16345"},"modified":"2018-10-19T09:06:56","modified_gmt":"2018-10-19T09:06:56","slug":"adjective-agreement-in-arabic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/adjective-agreement-in-arabic\/","title":{"rendered":"Adjective Agreement in Arabic"},"content":{"rendered":"

An adjective is word that describes a noun. In Arabic it is called \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong> (or \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a<\/strong>). It follows the noun, and it must agree with it in definiteness (i.e. \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>or \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong>), number (i.e. \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f<\/strong>, \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649<\/strong>, or \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0639<\/strong>), gender (i.e. \u0645\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>or \u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062b<\/strong>), and case (i.e. \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0639<\/strong>, \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628<\/strong>, or \u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631<\/strong>). This post is about the rules of agreement between nouns and adjectives in Arabic.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Definiteness Agreement:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A noun in Arabic can be indefinite \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>or definite \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong>. The \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>is changed to \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 <\/strong>in three ways: 1) adding \u0627\u0644<\/strong> to it, 2) adding it to a definite noun, and 3) attaching a pronoun to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 + \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 + \u0636\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0650\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f\u0647\u064f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0635\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

When an adjective is added to describe a noun \/ a noun phrase, it must agree with it in definiteness. That is, the indefinite noun is followed by an indefinite adjective, and the definite noun is follow by a definite adjective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/span> \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0642\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0629 \u0647\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064f\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Not that if the adjective after the nouns or the noun phrases is \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, it is no longer an adjective. Instead, it is a noun functioning as \u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631 <\/strong>forming a nominal sentence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nominal Sentence \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\nSubject \/ topic \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0623<\/strong><\/td>\nPredicate \u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0643\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629.<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0627 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Number Agreement:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

When an adjective is added to a noun, it must agree with it in number. That is, if the noun is singular, the adjective must be singular; if it is dual, the adjective must be dual; and if it plural, the adjective must be plural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649 <\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u062c\u0650\u0645\u0652\u0639<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644 \u0623\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \/ \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062c\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Note that with non-human plural nouns, the adjective is always feminine singular. This rule is similar to that of the demonstrative noun explained in the previous post<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Gender Agreement:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

If the noun to which an adjective is added is masculine, the form of this adjective must be masculine; if the nouns is feminine, the adjective must also be feminine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0631<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0631 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/span> (\u0645\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0631)<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062b<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062b + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629<\/span> (\u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062b\u064e\u0629)<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0623\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644 \u0646\u064e\u0634\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0637<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0637\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629 \u0646\u064e\u0634\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Agreement:<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n

Case is called \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0628 <\/strong>\u2018word final diacritical mark \/ parsing mark\u2019 in Arabic. There are three basic parsing marks \u0641\u064e\u062a\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, \u0636\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, and \u0643\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>. When the noun or the adjective is assigned \u0636\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, it is called \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0639<\/strong> \u2018nominative\u2019. If assigned \u0641\u064e\u062a\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, it is called \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628 <\/strong>\u2018accusative\u2019. If assigned \u0643\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629<\/strong>, it is called \u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>\u2018genitive.\u2019<\/p>\n

The secondary parsing marks are \u0627\u0646<\/strong>, \u0648\u064e\u0646<\/strong>, \u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/strong>, and \u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/strong>. The \u0627\u0646 <\/strong>is for masculine and feminine dual, and the \u0648\u064e\u0646 <\/strong>is for sound masculine plural. Both mark the nominative case. The \u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 <\/strong>with kasrah<\/em> below the nuun<\/em> is for dual, and the \u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e <\/strong>with fatHah<\/em> over the nuun <\/em>is for the sound masculine plural. They mark the accusative and genitive cases.<\/p>\n

Case assignment is determined by the position of the word in the sentence or by certain particles that precede the noun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
unmarked noun<\/td>\n\n
\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f<\/span> <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064c \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064d \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064c \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064d \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0646\u0650\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0646\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064d \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
unmarked noun<\/td>\n\n
\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0652\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0639 + \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0639<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
unmarked noun<\/td>\n\n
\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628 (\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629)<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064c \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064d \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064c \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0628\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Example sentences that include the afore-mentioned agreements. Adjectives are highlighted in orange.<\/p>\n

(1) \u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0623\u062a\u064f \u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/span> \u0647\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064f<\/span> \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u062f\u064d\u0629\u064d \u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0629\u064d<\/span> \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0635\u064e\u063a\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650.<\/span> \u0642\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u063a\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650<\/span> \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0642\u064e\u0635\u0652\u0641\u064d \u062c\u064e\u0648\u0650\u064a\u064d.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(2) \u0647\u064e\u0630\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064c\u060c<\/span> \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0652 \u0639\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0643\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064d.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0642\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0632\u0650\u064a.<\/span> \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0637\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064c \u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(3) \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e<\/span> \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0641\u064e\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0635\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0639\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0645\u0650.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062d.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(4) \u0634\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0628\u0652\u062a\u064f \u062d\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e \u0646\u064f\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0646\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0646\u064f<\/span> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n

I encourage you to read the post again paying close attention to each example, then test your understanding\u00a0here<\/a>. Also, I just created a new Facebook page<\/a>, please like<\/strong><\/em> <\/span>and follow<\/strong><\/em> <\/span>to learn more and get alerts of new posts, tests, and alike.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

An adjective is word that describes a noun. In Arabic it is called \u0635\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629 (or \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a). It follows the noun, and it must agree with it in definiteness (i.e. \u0646\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629 or \u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0629), number (i.e. \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062f, \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0649, or \u062c\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0639), gender (i.e. \u0645\u064f\u0630\u064e\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0631 or \u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u062b), and case (i.e. \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0639, \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0628, or \u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0631). This post is about the…<\/p>\n

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