{"id":6680,"date":"2012-11-10T12:15:21","date_gmt":"2012-11-10T12:15:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/?p=6680"},"modified":"2014-07-11T19:24:39","modified_gmt":"2014-07-11T19:24:39","slug":"the-phenomenon-of-abu-simbel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/arabic\/the-phenomenon-of-abu-simbel\/","title":{"rendered":"The Phenomenon of Abu Simbel"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The two temples at Abu Simbel \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u0628\u0644<\/strong> are among the most magnificent monuments \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/strong> in the world. Their removal and reconstruction was a historic event in itself. When the temples (280 km from Aswan) were threatened by submersion \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631<\/strong> \u2013<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642<\/strong> in Lake Nasser, due to the construction of the High Dam \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649<\/strong> , the Egyptian Government asked for the support of UNESCO \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648<\/strong> and launched a world wide appeal. During the rescue operation \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630<\/strong> which began in 1964 and continued until 1968, the two temples were dismantled and raised over 60 meters up the sandstone cliff where they had been built more than 3.000 years before. There, they were reassembled, in the exact same relationship to each other and the sun, and covered with an artificial \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0649<\/strong> mountain. Most of the joins in the stone have now been filled by antiquity experts \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong> , but inside the temples it is still possible to see where the blocks were cut. You can also go inside the man-made dome and see an exhibition \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong> of photographs showing the different stages of the massive removal-reconstruction process.<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/a>

Image by Ronald Woan on Flickr<\/p><\/div>\n

\u00a0The Temple of Re-Harakhte (The Sun Temple of Ramsis II):\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The main temple was dedicated to Ramsis II and to the four universal gods \u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629<\/strong> Ptah, Re-Harakhte, Amun-Re, and to Ramsis II himself. Of the seven temples he built, Abu Simbel is considered to be the most impressive.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Above the doorway \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/strong> in a niche, stands the sun god, a falcon headed representation of Ramsis, holding a war-scepter which shows the head and neck of an animal which is read as user, in his right and a figure of Ma\u2019at in his left. This setup ingeniously creates the Kings Throne \u0639\u0631\u0634<\/strong> name of User-Ma\u2019at-Re. At the top of the facade is a row of apes which are thought to be greeting the morning sun and indeed the monument looks best at that time. The sides of the thrones next to the entrance are decorated with Nile gods symbolically uniting Egypt, while below are prisoners, representing conquered nations \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/strong> , to the left, African and to the right, Asian.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The entrance leads into a Grand Hall which is 57 feet high and 52 feet wide and was cut from the rock. It is supported with eight pillars with statues \u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644<\/strong> of Ramsis.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To either side of the Grand Hall are smaller rooms, two to the South \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628<\/strong> and four to the North \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 . Most suggest that these rooms were for storage \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/strong> (treasure \u0643\u0646\u0632<\/strong> rooms) but elsewhere it is suggested that they were used for festivals \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong> related to the Kings Jubilee.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Beyond the Grand Hall is the second hypostyle hall with its flowered pillars \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong> . Scenes in this hall show the King and his wife, Nefertari \u0646\u0641\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0649<\/strong> making offerings to Amun and Re-Harakhte (the Sun God), and beyond that is the three chapels, the central one containing the four deities worshipped in the temple (including Ramsis II).<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The sun shines on the face of the statue on February 22 \u200eand October 22 every year, the birthday and the coronation date of Ramses II.<\/p>\n

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Peace \u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645 \/Salam\/<\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The two temples at Abu Simbel \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u0628\u0644 are among the most magnificent monuments \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 in the world. Their removal and reconstruction was a historic event in itself. When the temples (280 km from Aswan) were threatened by submersion \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642 in Lake Nasser, due to the construction of the High Dam \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f…<\/p>\n

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