If the action is moving towards the speaker, use\u00a0\u6765.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
If the action is moving away from the speaker, use\u00a0\u53bb.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Here are two examples of these words in action, which both happen to be very common questions you’ll hear as a foreigner in China:<\/p>\n
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Where do you want to go?<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u8981\u53bb<\/strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9? (n\u01d0 y\u00e0o q\u00f9 sh\u00e9n me d\u00ec f\u0101ng)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Why did you come to China?<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765<\/strong>\u4e2d\u56fd? (n\u01d0 w\u00e8i sh\u00e9n me l\u00e1i zh\u014dng gu\u00f3)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The first question\u00a0might come from someone on the street who sees you are lost, or it may come from a taxi driver. In either case, you’re eventually moving away from the speaker. The second one could come from anybody. Since you’ve left your home country to visit China, you’ve moved towards the speaker. If you’re talking about yourself moving, just think about the context:<\/p>\n
![\"China](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/03\/1-Hike-030.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nI came to China to teach English.
\n\u6211\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u82f1\u6587 (w\u01d2 l\u00e1i zh\u014dng gu\u00f3 ji\u00e0o y\u012bng w\u00e9n)<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
![\"Bali](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/03\/2-DSC09134.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nI want to go to Bali.
\n\u6211\u60f3\u53bb\u5df4\u5398\u5c9b (w\u01d2 xi\u01ceng q\u00f9 b\u0101l\u00ed d\u01ceo)<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Here are a few more examples for you to study:<\/p>\n
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Yesterday I went to the Forbidden City.<\/h3>\n
\u6628\u5929\u6211\u53bb\u6545\u5bab\u4e86. (zu\u00f3 ti\u0101n w\u01d2 q\u00f9 g\u00f9 g\u014dng le)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Do you want to go to a cafe?<\/h3>\n
\u4f60\u4eec\u60f3\u53bb\u5496\u5561\u9986\u5417? (n\u01d0 men xi\u01ceng q\u00f9 k\u0101 f\u0113i gu\u01cen ma)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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He came here for an interview.<\/h3>\n
\u4ed6\u6765\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u8bd5. (t\u0101 l\u00e1i zh\u00e8 l\u01d0 mi\u00e0n sh\u00ec)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Will you come to the office today?<\/h3>\n
\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u6765\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u5417? (j\u012bn ti\u0101n n\u01d0 l\u00e1i b\u00e0n g\u014dng sh\u00ec ma)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Now that you have a basic understand of how to use these verbs, let’s expand on them a bit by adding other characters to form directional complements. These are used – not surprisingly – to describe the direction of the verb. Think about some of them in English – go away, come here, go down, come back, etc. Here are the words we’ll be adding on to form these directional complements:<\/p>\n
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- \n
to go down (\u4e0b – xi\u00e0)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to go up (\u4e0a – sh\u00e0ng)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to enter (\u8fdb – j\u00ecn)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to exit\/go out (\u51fa – ch\u016b)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to return (\u56de – hu\u00ed)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to cross (\u8fc7 – gu\u00f2)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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to rise\/get up (\u8d77 – q\u01d0)<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Now, we can add\u00a0\u6765 or\u00a0\u53bb to each one of these to describe the direction of the verb. Let’s take a look at them one by one:<\/p>\n
\u4e0b (xi\u00e0)<\/h1>\n
to come down (\u4e0b\u6765 – xi\u00e0 l\u00e1i)
\nto go down (\u4e0b\u53bb – xi\u00e0 q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n<\/h3>\n
\u4e0a (sh\u00e0ng)<\/h1>\n
to come up (\u4e0a\u6765 – sh\u00e0ng l\u00e1i)
\nto go up (\u4e0a\u53bb – sh\u00e0ng q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n\u8fdb (j\u00ecn)<\/h1>\n
to come in (\u8fdb\u6765 – j\u00ecn l\u00e1i)
\nto go in (\u8fdb\u53bb – j\u00ecn q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n\u51fa (ch\u016b)<\/h1>\n
to come out (\u51fa\u6765 – ch\u016b l\u00e1i)
\nto go out (\u51fa\u53bb – ch\u016b q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n\u56de (hu\u00ed)<\/h1>\n
to come back (\u56de\u6765 – hu\u00ed l\u00e1i)
\nto go back (\u56de\u53bb – hu\u00ed q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n\u8fc7 (gu\u00f2)<\/h1>\n
to come over (\u8fc7\u6765 – gu\u00f2 l\u00e1i)
\nto go over (\u8fc7\u53bb – gu\u00f2 q\u00f9)<\/h3>\n\u8d77 (q\u01d0)<\/h1>\n
to get up\/to rise (\u8d77\u6765 – q\u01d0 l\u00e1i)
\nN\/A<\/h3>\nNote that there is not a word \u8d77\u8fc7 – it just wouldn’t make sense.<\/p>\n
If you’d like to, feel free to save this table to help you study all of these directional complements:<\/p>\n
![\"Chinese](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/03\/Screen-Shot-2016-03-02-at-5.23.56-PM.png\")
<\/a><\/p>\nIn the next lesson, I’ll dive into these a bit more and provide some more examples for you to study. For now, let’s review a bit – answer the following questions simply with the directional complement that is most appropriate for the situation:<\/p>\n
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- \n
Your friend is outside of your door and you invite them in.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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You are at the bottom of the hill but your friend is already on top.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Your cat is up on the closet where he shouldn’t be.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Your father has returned from his business trip.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
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Your\u00a0friend is not at the party and you’re talking on the phone.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
If you want to challenge yourself, try to make a sentence you would use in each situation. I’ll give you the answers and many more examples that will hopefully have you using these directional complements like a pro in the next lesson.<\/p>\n
Click here to continue to Part Two<\/a>.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/03\/1-Hike-030-350x263.jpg\")
Today I’d like to talk about two very important verbs\u00a0in Chinese related to direction and how to properly use them in directional complements: go (\u53bb – q\u00f9) come (\u6765 – l\u00e1i) The first thing you’ll want to remember about these two characters is this: If the action is moving towards the speaker, use\u00a0\u6765. If the…<\/p>\n
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