{"id":12415,"date":"2016-07-28T09:00:22","date_gmt":"2016-07-28T13:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/?p=12415"},"modified":"2016-07-27T15:36:50","modified_gmt":"2016-07-27T19:36:50","slug":"chinese-conjunctions-part-two","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-conjunctions-part-two\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese Conjunctions Part Two"},"content":{"rendered":"

Have you studied the basic Chinese conjunctions in the first post<\/a>? If not, go back and brush up on those before moving on. This post introduces some compound conjunctions, which use a few of the words we learned in the first lesson in a more advanced way.<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Apart from\/Except;\u00a0In addition<\/h2>\n

\n(\u9664\u4e86… \u4ee5\u5916 – ch\u00fa le… y\u01d0 w\u00e0i)<\/h2>\n

This is a very versatile Chinese conjunction, as it can be used to both exclude (apart from\/except) and include (in addition). Here are a few examples of this conjunction being used in an exclusive way:<\/p>\n

\"Obama<\/a>

Obama says “good good study, day day up!”<\/p><\/div>\n

Apart from Saturday, I study every day.
\n\u9664\u4e86\u661f\u671f\u516d\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5b66\u4e60.
\nch\u00fa le x\u012bng q\u012b\u00a0li\u00f9 y\u01d0 w\u00e0i, w\u01d2 m\u011bi ti\u0101n d\u014du xu\u00e9 x\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Except\u00a0football, he likes sports.
\n\u9664\u4e86\u8db3\u7403\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u8fd0\u52a8.
\nch\u00fa le z\u00fa qi\u00fa y\u01d0 w\u00e0i, t\u0101 d\u014du x\u01d0 hu\u0101n y\u00f9n d\u00f2ng<\/h3>\n

You’ll notice in those two examples the use of the word\u00a0\u90fd (d\u014du), meaning “all.” In the first sentence, this shows that the person studies all days apart from Saturday. In the second, they like all sports except football. Now let’s see how this conjunction can be used to be inclusive.<\/p>\n

In addition to Chinese, he can also speak Japanese.
\n\u9664\u4e86\u4e2d\u6587\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8bf4\u65e5\u8bed.
\nch\u00fa le zh\u014dng w\u00e9n y\u01d0 w\u00e0i, t\u0101 y\u011b hu\u00ec shu\u014d r\u00ec y\u01d4<\/h3>\n

In addition to Europe, I also want to go to Africa.
\n\u9664\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u8981\u53bb\u975e\u6d32.
\nch\u00fa le \u014du zh\u014du y\u01d0 w\u00e0i, w\u01d2 h\u00e1i y\u00e0o q\u00f9 f\u0113i zh\u014du<\/h3>\n

You’ll notice in those examples the use of\u00a0\u4e5f (y\u011b) and\u00a0\u8fd8 (h\u00e1i), both meaning “also.” You can use either one, with the end result being an inclusive sentence. Aren’t compound conjunctions fun?!<\/p>\n

Although… but…<\/h2>\n

(\u867d\u7136… \u4f46\u662f –\u00a0su\u012b r\u00e1n… d\u00e0n sh\u00ec)<\/h2>\n

This one may seem a bit odd to native English speakers, as it’s not necessary to add “but” in English. It is necessary in Chinese, though. This structure shows that while the first part of the sentence is true, there is an adverse reaction in the second part. Take a look at a few examples:<\/p>\n

\"The<\/a>

The traffic in BJ sucks.<\/p><\/div>\n

Although I really like Beijing, (but) I don’t like living here.
\n\u867d\u7136\u6211\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4f4f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc.
\nsu\u012b r\u00e1n w\u01d2 h\u011bn x\u01d0 hu\u0101n b\u011bi j\u012bng, d\u00e0n sh\u00ec w\u01d2 b\u00f9 x\u01d0 hu\u0101n zh\u00f9 z\u00e0i zh\u00e8 l\u01d0<\/h3>\n

Although he lives in China, (but) his Chinese isn’t very good.
\n\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4f4f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u4e0d\u592a\u597d.
\nsu\u012b r\u00e1n t\u0101 zh\u00f9 z\u00e0i zh\u014dng gu\u00f3, d\u00e0n sh\u00ec t\u0101 de zh\u014dng w\u00e9n b\u00f9 t\u00e0i h\u01ceo<\/h3>\n

Although she is American, (but) she hasn’t been to Washington.
\n\u867d\u7136\u5979\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u8fd8\u6ca1\u53bb\u8fc7\u534e\u76db\u987f.
\nsu\u012b r\u00e1n t\u0101 sh\u00ec m\u011bi gu\u00f3 r\u00e9n, d\u00e0n sh\u00ec t\u0101 h\u00e1i m\u00e9i q\u00f9 gu\u00f2 hu\u00e1 sh\u00e8ng d\u00f9n<\/h3>\n

It might seem strange to English speakers to add the “but” in the middle of the sentence there, but that’s just the way it is in Chinese. Remember, you can’t always directly translate!<\/p>\n

Because… so…<\/h2>\n

(\u56e0\u4e3a… \u6240\u4ee5 –\u00a0y\u012bn w\u00e8i… su\u01d2 y\u01d0)<\/h2>\n

Just like the example above, this one might seem odd to English speakers. While we wouldn’t add “so” in the middle of a sentence starting with “because,” that’s just the way it is in Chinese. See how it’s used in these examples:<\/p>\n

\"Sichuan<\/a>

Sichuan food sure is spicy.<\/p><\/div>\n

Because they love to eat spicy, (so) they ordered Sichuan food.
\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7231\u5403\u8fa3\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u70b9\u4e86\u56db\u5ddd\u83dc.
\ny\u012bn w\u00e8i t\u0101 men \u00e0i ch\u012b l\u00e0 de, su\u01d2 y\u01d0 t\u0101 men di\u01cen le s\u00ec chu\u0101n c\u00e0i<\/h3>\n

Because I don’t have time, (so) I can’t go to the party.
\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u6d3e\u5bf9.
\ny\u012bn w\u00e8i w\u01d2 m\u00e9i y\u01d2u sh\u00ed ji\u0101n, su\u01d2 y\u01d0 w\u01d2 b\u00f9 n\u00e9ng q\u00f9 p\u00e0i du\u00ec<\/h3>\n

Because she studied hard, (so) she found a really good job.
\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u52aa\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5979\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c.
\ny\u012bn w\u00e8i t\u0101 n\u01d4 l\u00ec xu\u00e9 x\u00ed, t\u0101 zh\u01ceo d\u00e0o le h\u011bn h\u01ceo de g\u014dng zu\u00f2<\/h3>\n

Basically, the pattern for using this compound conjunction is:\u00a0\u56e0\u4e3a + Cause , \u6240\u4ee5 + Effect. Try practicing it and making a few sentences of your own!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

There are certainly other conjunctions, both simple and compound, but the ones that we’ve covered in these two posts are very common and will get you well on your way to improving your Chinese fluency. Nobody likes homework, but it’s a good idea to come up with your own examples for all of them, even if they’re very simple.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

Have you studied the basic Chinese conjunctions in the first post? If not, go back and brush up on those before moving on. This post introduces some compound conjunctions, which use a few of the words we learned in the first lesson in a more advanced way. Apart from\/Except;\u00a0In addition (\u9664\u4e86… \u4ee5\u5916 – ch\u00fa le……<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":11310,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[8894,451930,69375,11132,451936,451931,378631,69374],"class_list":["post-12415","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vocabulary","tag-chinese","tag-chinese-conjunctions","tag-chinese-grammar","tag-chinese-vocabulary","tag-compound-conjunctions-in-chinese","tag-conjunctions-in-chinese","tag-intermediate-chinese","tag-learn-chinese"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12415"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12422,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12415\/revisions\/12422"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}