{"id":12921,"date":"2017-02-06T06:00:33","date_gmt":"2017-02-06T10:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/?p=12921"},"modified":"2017-11-07T13:35:42","modified_gmt":"2017-11-07T17:35:42","slug":"confucius-a-brief-summary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/confucius-a-brief-summary\/","title":{"rendered":"Confucius: a Brief Summary"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_13836\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"http:\/\/https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/oxborrow\/184190274\/in\/photolist-hh2mo-9hxWs6-qKC2QA-pcc9yb-7AbEP1-bXxCxL-7A7W1H-7A7Ygx-u5RDpc-aMdcvF-3q8rc-ehQAin-qFCEaW-UDcMwq-kdZiee-gH7gk-6JpaoD-Am635F-7WuPnJ-NUz5ej-a8SAkv-9pVYtm-t8KtN-eYqKgV-oTXNKi-7WuPo5-6n6Q8b-7WuPom-nWL3KR-7HjXii-aSjnzR-3WTLK-7HoRTE-7WuPoS-a8Sz2F-6n2EgH-7Hk53X-aqVmdS-avr1Bi-6K3TzU-2X7KSR-a1SmET-m8cw5v-akUamc-agELDz-dUywa7-7HoUG3-6kRLy8-b4gipv-fpGRoB\" aria-label=\"Kong Zi 263x350\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13836\" class=\" wp-image-13836\"  alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"665\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2017\/02\/kong-zi-263x350.jpg\"><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Confucius by Toby Oxborrow from Flickr.com is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u5b54\u5b50(K\u01d2ngz\u01d0, Confucius) was one of the greatest thinkers in the world. During time of chaos and war, he set new standards in politics, morality and philosophy. He became a statesman in China of 6 century BCE, and created the social foundations of modern civilized China. Here is a brief summary of his life.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u4ee3 Ch\u016bnqi\u016b sh\u00edd\u00e0i \u2013 The Spring and Autumn Period<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Spring and Autumn Period is one of the Zhou Dynasty&#8217;s eras. It covers the time between 771 BCE to 476 BCE (\u516c\u5143\u524dG\u014dngyu\u00e1n qi\u00e1n). The Zhou Dynasty (\u5468\u671dZh\u014du ch\u00e1o) wasn&#8217;t unified, but composed of small states; each state struggles to survive, each state desires to become stronger and unbeatable. Although they were all Chinese, peace didn&#8217;t prevail in the \u5468\u671d. During the approximately 300 years of \u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u4ee3, many small states slowly coalesced through conquest. Those wars and political changes stirred up\u00a0vast discussions and philosophies. This was the time of the\u00a0\u201fOne Hundred Schools of Thought\u201d \u2013 an era of great cultural and intellectual expansion in China. Among them are the famous Legalism, Taoism and Confucianism.<\/p>\n<p>You can watch the Zhou Dynasty in a nutshell here:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Zhou Dynasty...in five minutes or less\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mBsPR5brZ0E?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b54\u4e18 K\u01d2ng qi\u016b \u2013 Kong Qiu: Confucius family and given name<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>One of those many small states of \u5468\u671dwas the state of Lu (\u9c81\u56fd). Confucius was born there in the year 551 BCE, by the name \u5b54\u4e18 (K\u01d2ng qi\u016b), in \u9c81\u56fd. His father (\u7236\u4eb2F\u00f9q\u012bn) died when he was only three years old, and his mother (\u6bcd\u4eb2M\u01d4q\u012bn) raised him in poverty. In spite of his background, \u5b54\u4e18 became a respectable teacher and received a position as town mayor. His belief in morality and righteousness proved to be a political success, and he was soon appointed to the position of Minister of Law in\u9c81\u56fd. \u5b54\u4e18excelled at strategy, and in 498 BCE proceeded to the rule of Minister of the Interior of \u9c81\u56fd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9c81\u56fd L\u01d4 gu\u00f3 \u2013 The state of Lu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>At that time\u9c81\u56fd was ruled by the duke. Under the duke were three aristocratic families. \u5b54\u4e18 desired to unite the state and strengthen the authority of the duke. He then made himself some enemies from inside (among the three families) and outside (among the neighboring states who afraid the power \u9c81\u56fd will gain from the consolidation). \u5b54\u4e18 decided to resign his position and to leave his country.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b54\u592b\u5b50K\u01d2ng f\u016bz\u01d0 \u2013 Master Kong<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b54\u4e18 began a long journey among the different states of \u5468\u671d. His devoted\u5f1f\u5b50 (D\u00ecz\u01d0, disciples) came along. Since becoming a teacher, they followed him, writing down his wisdom, and helping him with his political work. They didn&#8217;t call him \u5b54\u4e18, but master: \u592b\u5b50 (F\u016bz\u01d0). And after his resignation, they weren&#8217;t the only ones. His reputation preceded him. When entering the different states to teach and spread his beliefs, people of all countries honored him with the title Master Kong: \u5b54\u592b\u5b50(K\u01d2ng f\u016bz\u01d0) and in short \u5b54\u5b50 (K\u01d2ngz\u01d0) .<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56de\u56fd Hu\u00edgu\u00f3 \u2013 Return to one&#8217;s motherland<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After 13 years of exile, \u5b54\u5b50 ended his years of wandering and \u56de\u56fd\u4e86. He passed away in the year 479 BCE, at the age of 73, in \u9c81\u56fd. His philosophy is an essential part of Chinese culture and daily life until present days. Check out some of his sayings <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/confucius-say\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Text vocabulary<\/u><\/p>\n<p>\u5b54\u5b50K\u01d2ngz\u01d0 = Confucius<\/p>\n<p>\u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u4ee3Ch\u016bnqi\u016b sh\u00edd\u00e0i = The Spring and Autumn Period<\/p>\n<p>\u5468\u671dZh\u014du ch\u00e1o = Zhou Dynasty<\/p>\n<p>Also: \u5468\u4ee3Zh\u014du d\u00e0i<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5143\u524dG\u014dngyu\u00e1n qi\u00e1n = Before Common Era<\/p>\n<p>\u5b54\u4e18 K\u01d2ng qi\u016b = Confucius family and given name<\/p>\n<p>\u9c81\u56fdL\u01d4 gu\u00f3 = The state of Lu<\/p>\n<p>\u7236\u4eb2F\u00f9q\u012bn = Father<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcd\u4eb2M\u01d4q\u012bn = Mother<\/p>\n<p>\u5b54\u592b\u5b50K\u01d2ng f\u016bz\u01d0 = Master Kong<\/p>\n<p>\u5f1f\u5b50 D\u00ecz\u01d0 = Disciples<\/p>\n<p>\u592b\u5b50 F\u016bz\u01d0 = Master<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u56fdHu\u00edgu\u00f3 = Return to one&#8217;s motherland<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000\"><strong>\u719f\u80fd\u751f\u5de7 (Sh\u00fa n\u00e9ng sh\u0113ng qi\u01ceo) =\u00a0Practice makes perfect<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"263\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2017\/01\/6293850353_369b26de68_z-263x350.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2017\/01\/6293850353_369b26de68_z-263x350.jpg 263w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2017\/01\/6293850353_369b26de68_z.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 263px) 100vw, 263px\" \/><p>\u5b54\u5b50(K\u01d2ngz\u01d0, Confucius) was one of the greatest thinkers in the world. During time of chaos and war, he set new standards in politics, morality and philosophy. He became a statesman in China of 6 century BCE, and created the social foundations of modern civilized China. Here is a brief summary of his life. &nbsp; \u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u4ee3&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/confucius-a-brief-summary\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":135,"featured_media":12922,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12921","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12921"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13851,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12921\/revisions\/13851"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}