{"id":14292,"date":"2018-03-26T10:00:03","date_gmt":"2018-03-26T14:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/?p=14292"},"modified":"2018-03-25T08:43:38","modified_gmt":"2018-03-25T12:43:38","slug":"chinese-bamboo-instruments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-bamboo-instruments\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese Bamboo Instruments"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>One of the most interesting aspects of any culture is music. China has a rich musical tradition with countless unique musical instruments. We&#8217;ve already covered two different types of stringed instruments &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-bowed-string-instruments\/\">bowed<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-plucked-stringed-instruments\/\">plucked<\/a> &#8211; so go back and read those posts to learn more. In this post, we&#8217;ll check out some Chinese bamboo instruments to learn about their history. There are a few awesome videos as well so you can hear them in action.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Chinese Flute \u2013 Xiao<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_14293\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/camera_is_a_mirror_with_memory\/8303460991\/in\/photolist-dDKpEx-aaZNrj-6Zbtni-9RbfPw-bGaQw-nXCJpQ-4k2E3P-fRz62-4hxAsr-4hxA78-6Kn1Ps-22QBBCN-dVu37A-4nx2dV-BBGcP-djrujm-pcDpbn-9L9PVe-f2PBUo-6Zbxfi-CkLmG-71v2vz-5E9FhH-6Zbtn4-7LEpw2-79Gns2-azbBN-6Zfozw-bGaPH-innUVD-sWQbe-8YWzLg-zGSTxf-6ZfozG-7LJnhU-4nB6vN-djruo8-pcCeTD-qXuhay-ptRdoK-5m2VRQ-djrutt-djrucD-djru2G-djru6E-djrtxC-djrux4-cUrLDL-djruaw-djrtS7\" aria-label=\"8303460991 Cbf67f2326 Z\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14293\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14293\"  alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z.jpg 640w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z-350x234.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-14293\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image by Camera Eye Photography from flickr.com.<br \/>Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>One of the most popular Chinese flutes is the <strong>Dizi<\/strong> (\u7b1b\u5b50 &#8211; d\u00ed zi), which you can read all about in <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-bamboo-flute\/\">this post<\/a>. Another one is the\u00a0<strong>Xiao\u00a0<\/strong>(\u7bab \u2013\u00a0 xi\u0101o). This is a vertical end-blown flute made from purple bamboo that has a lower pitch than the\u00a0<em>Dizi<\/em>. Before the\u00a0<strong>Tang Dynasty<\/strong>\u00a0(\u5510\u671d \u2013 T\u00e1ng ch\u00e1o)\u00a0 (618-907) , the term\u00a0<em>xiao<\/em>\u00a0referred to the Chinese panpipes. After the Tang, however, this term came to be associated specifically with these vertical end-blown flutes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"very  beatiful chinese instrument------------XIAO,\u7bab\u72ec\u594f \u79cb\u6c5f\u591c\u6cca\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/X3S2Qm-Bi0c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>A peaceful Xiao performance floating down a river.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Another term commonly used (especially in Taiwan) is\u00a0<strong>Dongxiao\u00a0<\/strong>(\u6d1e\u7bab \u2013 d\u00f2ng xi\u0101o) \u2013\u00a0<em>dong<\/em>\u00a0meaning \u201chole.\u201d This term came to be used to differentiate this style of instrument from the panpipes, which have no holes. Modern\u00a0<em>xiao<\/em>\u00a0have either six or eight holes, and are usually pitched in the key of G, with the lowest note being a D. This instrument produces soft and gentle tones and is suitable for solo performances, as well as duets with the\u00a0<em>Guqin\u00a0<\/em>zither.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u7b8f\u8207\u7c2b Chinese GuZheng &amp; Hsiao : \u671b\u6708 Watching the moon\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NNLKN3ho-y0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>A Xiao duet with a Guzheng<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Chinese Oboe \u2013 Guan<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The Chinese\u00a0<strong>Guan\u00a0<\/strong>(\u7ba1 \u2013 gu\u01cen \u2013 lit. \u201ctube\u201d or \u201cpipe\u201d) is a double-reed wind instrument. This instrument differs depending on which region of China you\u2019re in. Up north, it\u2019s known as the\u00a0<strong>Guanzi\u00a0<\/strong>(\u7ba1\u5b50 \u2013 gu\u01cen zi) or\u00a0<strong>Bili<\/strong>\u00a0(\u7b5a\u7be5 \u2013 b\u00ec l\u00ec) and is made from hardwood. Down south, it\u2019s called the\u00a0<strong>Houguan<\/strong>\u00a0(\u5589\u7ba1 \u2013 h\u00f3u gu\u01cen \u2013\u00a0 lit. \u201cthroat gun\u201d), and it became very popular in Cantonese opera during the 1920s. Usually, the\u00a0<em>guan<\/em>\u00a0has seven frontal finger holes and one thumb hole. The length of a traditional\u00a0<em>guan<\/em>\u00a0varies from 7\u00a0inches (18\u00a0cm) to 13\u00a0inches (33\u00a0cm), or up to 50\u00a0cm for a large Cantonese\u00a0<em>houguan<\/em>. This style has a range of about one octave, while the Northern\u00a0<em>guanzi<\/em>\u00a0has a range of two and a half octaves, due to its overblowing technique.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Chinese GuanZi music \u7ba1\u5b50\uff1a\u9f9c\u8332\u821e Dance from QiuC\u00ed\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-guKHZ943ck?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>A Guanzi duet with a piano.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s believed that this instrument originates from Northwestern China \u2013 the area that is now\u00a0<strong>Xinjiang\u00a0<\/strong>(\u65b0\u7586 \u2013 X\u012bn ji\u0101ng). It was very important in court and ritual music during the Tang Dynasty. Later, it became popular in the\u00a0<strong>drum and wind\u00a0<\/strong>(\u9f13\u5439 \u2013 g\u01d4 chu\u012b) folk ensembles. These days, it is also used in Beijing opera to depict military scenes. This traditional instrument has a very peculiar tone and is often used to add special colors to ensemble and orchestral music.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Chinese Free-Reed Pipe \u2013 Bawu<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_14294\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/ahenobarbus\/9596553499\/in\/photolist-dzoYd8-fC1R1X-pegsVo-RyAnQb\" aria-label=\"9596553499 72b06db166 Z\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14294\" class=\"wp-image-14294\"  alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/9596553499_72b06db166_z.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/9596553499_72b06db166_z.jpg 640w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/9596553499_72b06db166_z-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/9596553499_72b06db166_z-350x350.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-14294\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image by Nikolaj Potanin from flickr.com.<br \/> Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>While the\u00a0<strong>Bawu\u00a0<\/strong>(\u5df4\u4e4c \u2013 b\u0101 w\u016b) might be shaped like a flute, it is in fact a free-reed instrument, with a single metal reed. It is played in a traverse (horizontal) manner, and it originates from Southwest China\u2019s\u00a0<strong>Yunnan<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Province\u00a0<\/strong>(\u4e91\u5357\u7701 \u2013 y\u00fan n\u00e1n sh\u011bng), which is home to many of China\u2019s ethnic minorities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u5df4\u4e4c - \u82d7\u5cad\u6b22\u6b4c\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Zgvm7BSdZpU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>A solo Bawu performance.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In Southern Chinese mythology, there is a fantastic story associated with this instrument:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<em>Two young Hanis fell in love with each other and in one day a demon grabbed the girl. Then the demon cut off her tongue, and threw her into the deep mountains. Following the advice from a bird, that bamboo can talk, the girl made an instrument from bamboo pouring out her misfortune through it. On hearing her sad voice the villagers came to kill the demon and relieved the girl.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<em>Bawu<\/em>\u00a0is know found all throughout China, and its rich, mellow tone has become a favorite with composers of film soundtracks. You might recognize the sound of this ancient instrument, as it was featured heavily in \u201c<strong>Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon<\/strong>\u201d (\u5367\u864e\u85cf\u9f99 \u2013 w\u00f2 h\u01d4 c\u00e1ng l\u00f3ng). In recent years, the\u00a0<em>Bawu<\/em>\u00a0has become popular with European composers, proving that ancient Chinese instruments are as relevant today as they were thousands of years ago.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Gen Dequan - The Affectionate Bawu \u54cf\u5fb7\u5168 \u591a\u60c5\u7684\u5df4\u4e4c\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RuhJTPAHhfE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>A very interesting variation of the traditional Bawu.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you travel to China, be sure to seek out some traditional music. In my experience, the best place to find people jamming on classic Chinese instruments is at local parks. Oftentimes, you&#8217;ll find an entire group practicing together. It&#8217;s a great, free way to experience traditional Chinese music. Of course, you&#8217;ll want to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transparent.com\/learn-mandarin-chinese\/\">learn some Chinese<\/a> before you go so you can chat with the musicians. Who knows &#8211; maybe they&#8217;ll even give you a free lesson and let you try it out!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z-350x234.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Chinese Bamboo Instruments\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z-350x234.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/03\/8303460991_cbf67f2326_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>One of the most interesting aspects of any culture is music. China has a rich musical tradition with countless unique musical instruments. We&#8217;ve already covered two different types of stringed instruments &#8211; bowed and plucked &#8211; so go back and read those posts to learn more. In this post, we&#8217;ll check out some Chinese bamboo&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/chinese-bamboo-instruments\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":14293,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[69519,510776,510775,69468,510777,69435,10665,69508,69509,69511,69513,69504],"class_list":["post-14292","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","tag-bawu","tag-bili","tag-chinese-bamboo-instruments","tag-chinese-flute","tag-chinese-free-reed-pipe","tag-chinese-instruments","tag-chinese-music","tag-chinese-oboe","tag-guan","tag-guanzi","tag-houguan","tag-xiao"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14292"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14297,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292\/revisions\/14297"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}