{"id":6067,"date":"2019-06-07T14:39:17","date_gmt":"2019-06-07T14:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/?p=6067"},"modified":"2019-06-12T15:10:07","modified_gmt":"2019-06-12T15:10:07","slug":"the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-4-de-engelandvaarders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-4-de-engelandvaarders\/","title":{"rendered":"The Dutch Resistance in World War II \u2013 Part 4: De Engelandvaarders"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the aftermath of the <em>dodenherdenking\u00a0<\/em>and the celebration of the <em>bevrijding\u00a0<\/em>of the Netherlands from the German occupation during World War II on May 4 and 5 and the fact that 2019 marks 80 years since the start of World War II in 1939, I am writing a series on how the Dutch got sucked into the war, and how they fought and resisted the Nazi occupation. In this fourth part, we continue to have a look at the Dutch resistance, and look at the brave <em>Engelandvaarders<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Other posts in the series:<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"omAjYPEpsg\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-de-slag-bij-mill\/\">Dutch Resistance in World War II &#8211; Part 1: De Slag bij Mill<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Dutch Resistance in World War II &#8211; Part 1: De Slag bij Mill&#8221; &#8212; Dutch Language Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-de-slag-bij-mill\/embed\/#?secret=8ImAdKfQiT#?secret=omAjYPEpsg\" data-secret=\"omAjYPEpsg\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"grvEL6xrf9\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-2-rotterdam\/\">The Dutch Resistance in World War II &#8211; Part 2: Rotterdam<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;The Dutch Resistance in World War II &#8211; Part 2: Rotterdam&#8221; &#8212; Dutch Language Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-2-rotterdam\/embed\/#?secret=5aJ6UwYVym#?secret=grvEL6xrf9\" data-secret=\"grvEL6xrf9\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"S2bbQf1VZe\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-3-het-verzet\/\">The Dutch Resistance in World War II \u2013 Part 3: Het Verzet<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;The Dutch Resistance in World War II \u2013 Part 3: Het Verzet&#8221; &#8212; Dutch Language Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-3-het-verzet\/embed\/#?secret=cw0fUqO6st#?secret=S2bbQf1VZe\" data-secret=\"S2bbQf1VZe\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><em><strong>Naar Engeland varen<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n<p>As we discussed last week, many people did not want to put up with the Nazi rule, and they brought <em>verzet <\/em>(resistance). What exactly that entails, you can read in part 3 of this series. Some people, however, did not want to &#8220;break the system from within&#8221; and stay in the Netherlands, but <em>aan de bezetting <\/em><em>ontsnappen <\/em>(escape the occupation) and fight the <em>oorlog <\/em>(war) from afar. Preferably from\u00a0<em>Engeland <\/em>(England). And these people were called <em>Engelandvaarders\u00a0<\/em>(&#8220;England sailors&#8221;). Why?<\/p>\n<p>Obviously, because they left for England. And they (initially) did so via the <em>Noordzee<\/em>. Simple as that. Or not?<\/p>\n<p>Well, there is a little story behind it.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s July 5, 1940. Three friends escape from the occupied Netherlands with a little boat at the <em>strand <\/em>(beach) of <em>Noordwijk<\/em>. They reached England and became the first to be called\u00a0<em>Engelandvaarders<\/em>. Many would follow them. Not all would survive.<\/p>\n<p>In total, 1706 people, of which 48 women, made it to England. Upon arrival, they were thoroughly checked by the British Security Service MI5 to make sure they were no spies for the <em>vijand\u00a0<\/em>(enemy). After this inspection, the Dutch had their own lengthy inspection. But it was worth it: All <em>Engelandvaarders <\/em>were personally welcomed by <em>Koningin Wilhelmina\u00a0<\/em>(Queen Wilhelmina), who supported the Dutch from London. She also initiated\u00a0<em>Radio Oranje<\/em>, the radio program used to communicate with the Dutch during the war. More on that in the previous post. For the\u00a0<em>Koningin<\/em>, the\u00a0<em>Engelandvaarders\u00a0<\/em>were an unaltered source of news from her country, and so she really valued what they had to say.<\/p>\n<h2><em><strong>Vechten vanuit Engeland<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_6095\" style=\"width: 907px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flickr_-_Erfgoed_in_Beeld_-_Visit_of_Queen_Wilhelmina_and_Princess_Juliana_to_the_city_of_Breda.jpg\" aria-label=\"Wilhelmina Hazelhoff 1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6095\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6095\"  alt=\"\" width=\"897\" height=\"899\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1.jpg 897w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-768x770.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 897px) 100vw, 897px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6095\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wilhelmina visiting Breda in 1945, with Peter Tazelaar on her left and Erik Hazelhoff Roelsema on her right, both Engelandvaarders (Image at Commons.wikimedia.org under CC0).<\/p><\/div>\n<p>So what came next for the <em>Engelandvaarders<\/em>? Some only left to escape the war, and to continue living peaceful lives. Though most made the dangerous trip to actively fight the Nazis. Some joined the British <em>luchtmacht <\/em>(air force), while others became <em>mariniers <\/em>(navy soldiers). Though most joined the remains of the Dutch army in England, the so-called <em>Prinses Irene Brigade <\/em>(Princess Irene Brigade).<\/p>\n<h2><strong><em>Een gevaarlijke reis<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>But how to reach the\u00a0<em>Engelsen <\/em>(English)? There were two ways:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Via the\u00a0<em>Noordzee\u00a0<\/em>(North Sea), in small boats. Many\u00a0<em>soldaten\u00a0<\/em>(soldiers) that served in the Dutch army fled this way after capitulation. About 4,000\u00a0<em>soldaten\u00a0<\/em>made it in May 1940 to England. While in the beginning, this was still possible, it became particularly difficult and dangerous to get to England across the <em>Noordzee\u00a0<\/em>after the Nazis built the\u00a0<em>Atlantikwall\u00a0<\/em>(Atlantic Wall), a line of fortifications from Southern France all the way up to the northern edge of Norway.\n<p><div id=\"attachment_6079\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:EnglishChannel.jpg\" aria-label=\"InkedEnglish Channel Kanaal Map Arrows 1024x611\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6079\" class=\"wp-image-6079 size-large\"  alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"611\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEnglish-Channel-Kanaal-Map-Arrows-1024x611.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEnglish-Channel-Kanaal-Map-Arrows-1024x611.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEnglish-Channel-Kanaal-Map-Arrows-350x209.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEnglish-Channel-Kanaal-Map-Arrows-768x458.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEnglish-Channel-Kanaal-Map-Arrows.jpg 1133w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6079\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Route 1 via the <em>Noordzee<\/em> (Image by author based on Image by Muriel Gottrop at Commons.wikimedia.org under public domain)<\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>Via Belgium and France to Switzerland, through Vichy France, to Spain and to English-held Gibraltar or Portugal, and from there either by ship or plane to England. A much longer route with its own dangers, but nonetheless used by <em>Engelandvaarders\u00a0<\/em>and many others that wanted to\u00a0<em>ontsnappen aan\u00a0<\/em>the Nazis.\n<p><div id=\"attachment_6080\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Europe_satellite_orthographic.jpg\" aria-label=\"InkedEurope Satellite Engelandvaarders Route Arrows 1024x804\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6080\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6080\"  alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"804\" \/ src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEurope-Satellite-Engelandvaarders-Route-Arrows-1024x804.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEurope-Satellite-Engelandvaarders-Route-Arrows-1024x804.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEurope-Satellite-Engelandvaarders-Route-Arrows-350x275.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEurope-Satellite-Engelandvaarders-Route-Arrows-768x603.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/05\/InkedEurope-Satellite-Engelandvaarders-Route-Arrows.jpg 1146w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6080\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The second route via Belgium and France, over to neutral Switzerland, via southern France and the Pyrenees to Spain and Gibraltar or Portugal and to England. A long way! (Image by author based on Image by Ghalas\/Wiki-vr at Commons.wikimedia.org under public domain)<\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>While the name suggests that the Dutch would only go to\u00a0<em>Engeland<\/em>, they would also try to get to other allied territory to escape the Germans.<\/p>\n<p>All of these options were\u00a0<em>gevaarlijk\u00a0<\/em>(dangerous). If the natural\u00a0<em>gevaren<\/em> (dangers) would not kill you, the Axis forces would. It was absolutely\u00a0<em>onontbeerlijk\u00a0<\/em>(indispensable) to get help from\u00a0local authorities, people and\u00a0<em>verzetsstrijders\u00a0<\/em>(resistance fighters).<\/p>\n<h2><strong><em>Soldaat van Oranje<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"8 jaar in 8 minuten!\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tWDqQXhuMD0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>In 2010, the story of the\u00a0<em>Engelandvaarders\u00a0<\/em>was shown in a new, innovative theater at <em>Vliegkamp Valkenburg<\/em>, close to <em>Katwijk aan Zee<\/em>. This air base has important historical significance, as the Dutch fought the Nazis valiantly there during the invasion of May 1940. The musical\u00a0<em>Soldaat van Oranje\u00a0<\/em>(Soldier of Orange) depicts the story of Erik Hazelhoff, who was a real\u00a0<em>Engelandvaarder\u00a0<\/em>and wrote a book about it. It became an instant hit, and quickly became the\u00a0<em>langstlopende theatervoorstelling van Nederland\u00a0<\/em>(the longest-running play of the Netherlands). And it kept going &#8211; even after 8 years, the <em>voorstelling<\/em> is still going and it is still selling out! The main role of Erik Hazelhoff has so far been played by 18 different actors. I saw it myself, and I can definitely recommend it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>This is the end of the series on the Dutch resistance in World War II. If you have any comments or questions, let me know in the comments below.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-350x350.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1-768x770.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2019\/06\/Wilhelmina-Hazelhoff-1.jpg 897w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>In the aftermath of the dodenherdenking\u00a0and the celebration of the bevrijding\u00a0of the Netherlands from the German occupation during World War II on May 4 and 5 and the fact that 2019 marks 80 years since the start of World War II in 1939, I am writing a series on how the Dutch got sucked into&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/the-dutch-resistance-in-world-war-ii-part-4-de-engelandvaarders\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":6095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[60713,3590,27711],"tags":[178,444988,7285,3664],"class_list":["post-6067","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture-2","category-dutch-language","category-dutch-vocabulary-2","tag-history","tag-resistance","tag-war","tag-world-war-ii"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/110"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6067"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6099,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6067\/revisions\/6099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/dutch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}