{"id":3102,"date":"2018-06-25T13:37:33","date_gmt":"2018-06-25T13:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/?p=3102"},"modified":"2018-06-25T13:37:33","modified_gmt":"2018-06-25T13:37:33","slug":"where-are-you-from-are-you-one-of-us-de-vs-el","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/where-are-you-from-are-you-one-of-us-de-vs-el\/","title":{"rendered":"Where are you from? Are you one of us? De vs El"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A big thanks to my student \u015cano for this question. When do you use <em>el<\/em> and when do you use <em>de<\/em>?<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3103\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3103\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3103\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-350x165.jpg\" alt=\"Where are you from? Gulls image from pixabay.com\" width=\"350\" height=\"165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-350x165.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-768x362.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3103\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Where are you from? Gulls image from pixabay.com<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>De vs El &#8212; different kinds of &#8220;from&#8221; in Esperanto<\/h2>\n<p>Prepositions are very much the heart of a language. To master a language, it is essential to know both how to use them and which one to use when. This is true of Esperanto as well. I&#8217;ve written about prepositions here before:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/keys-to-understanding-esperanto-prepositions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Keys to understanding Esperanto pepositions<\/a>, <em>Je<\/em> the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/je-the-esperanto-wildcard-preposition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildcard<\/a>&#8221; preposition, How to say a <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/de-kaj-da-how-do-you-say-a-glass-of-water-in-esperanto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glass of water<\/a>. This last one touched on confusion between <em>de<\/em>\u00a0and <em>da<\/em>&#8230; but what about <em>de<\/em>\u00a0and <em>el<\/em>?<\/p>\n<p>If you look up &#8220;from&#8221; in a bilingual dictionary, you&#8217;ll see both <em>de<\/em>\u00a0and <em>el<\/em>. So, which one do you use? The confusion doesn&#8217;t seem to be limited to native English speakers, but there are differences.<\/p>\n<h2>De &#8211; attachment or belonging<\/h2>\n<p>First, let&#8217;s recap what we learned about <em>de<\/em>\u00a0in our discussion about glass of water.<\/p>\n<p>It can show attachment or belonging.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La ideo de Karlo \u2013 Karlo\u2019s idea<\/li>\n<li>La pinto de la monto \u2013 the peak of the mountain<\/li>\n<li>La prezo de pano \u2013 the price of bread<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It can also show who did something.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Libro legata de Panjo \u2013 a book read by Mom.<\/li>\n<li>Ronkado de Avo \u2013 Grandpa\u2019s snoring. (It belongs to him \/ He&#8217;s doing it.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It can also show a starting place or time (&#8220;from&#8221; in contrast to &#8220;to&#8221;).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Li kuris de la banko al la superbazaro &#8211; He ran from the bank to the supermarket.<\/li>\n<li>Mi restis sendorma de noktomezo \u011dis tagi\u011do &#8211; I was up from midnight till dawn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>El &#8211; out of, made out of, out from inside of<\/h2>\n<p>The basic meaning of &#8220;el&#8221;, in contrast is &#8220;out of&#8221; &#8212; that is, starting inside something and moving out.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mi venas el Hispanujo \u2013 I am from Spain.<\/li>\n<li>forpeli iun el la domo &#8212; to drive someone out of the house.<\/li>\n<li>ne gutas mielo el la \u0109ielo &#8211; honey doesn&#8217;t drip from the sky (money doesn&#8217;t grow on trees)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It can also mean &#8220;out of&#8221; in the sense of &#8220;made out of.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kruro el ligno &#8211; a wooden leg (a leg made out of wood.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are many examples where you could use either. Sometimes the meaning is subtly different. Sometimes there isn&#8217;t a great difference.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>flago pendas de\/el la fenestro &#8211; a flag is hanging (from)\/(out of) the window<\/li>\n<li>trinki el glaso &#8211; to drink from a glass<\/li>\n<li>trinki de apuda fontano &#8211; to drink from a nearby fountain.<\/li>\n<li>De kiu lando vi estas? What country are you from?<\/li>\n<li>El kiu lando vi estas? What country are you from?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In these cases, there may be a right answer (I&#8217;m not telling!) but you&#8217;ll see both and it&#8217;s not really a big deal.<\/p>\n<h2>Where are you from?<\/h2>\n<p>I&#8217;ve run this question by several fluent speakers and have received various answers. I&#8217;ve always seen this as a question of attachment. (&#8220;What country do you belong to?&#8221;) Others see it as coming &#8220;out of&#8221; a place. (You started out inside your country of origin.) Others still say it doesn&#8217;t make a big difference and in conversation they probably wouldn&#8217;t notice which preposition was used. I&#8217;m starting to agree with this third group. My sense is that <em>de<\/em> is more logical here but <em>el<\/em> is more traditional (and certainly makes logical sense to the people who use or have used it.) You&#8217;ll see it both ways so don&#8217;t stress about that.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Where are you from? De\/El kie vi estas?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Are you one of us?<\/h2>\n<p>In other cases, it&#8217;s more clear which answer is correct, even if we&#8217;re tempted to use the wrong one.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>du el la plej bonaj ideoj &#8211; two of the best ideas<\/li>\n<li>\u015di kantas plej bone el \u0109iuj &#8211; she sang the best (out) of all of them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It&#8217;s tempting to say &#8220;de&#8221; here (of) but &#8220;el&#8221; is the right choice. You&#8217;re selecting &#8220;out of&#8221; the list. They&#8217;re in the list and you&#8217;re pulling them out to talk about.<\/p>\n<h2>What do you think?<\/h2>\n<p>Thanks so much for reading and please comment to let me know what you think. Which prepositions cause you trouble?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-350x165.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Where are you from? Gulls image from pixabay.com\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-350x165.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720-768x362.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/gulls-2662550_960_720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>A big thanks to my student \u015cano for this question. When do you use el and when do you use de? De vs El &#8212; different kinds of &#8220;from&#8221; in Esperanto Prepositions are very much the heart of a language. To master a language, it is essential to know both how to use them and&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/where-are-you-from-are-you-one-of-us-de-vs-el\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":3103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[7736],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3102","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-esperanto-language"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3102"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3104,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3102\/revisions\/3104"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/esperanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}