{"id":11866,"date":"2020-07-08T23:00:27","date_gmt":"2020-07-08T23:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/?p=11866"},"modified":"2020-07-08T08:41:39","modified_gmt":"2020-07-08T08:41:39","slug":"germanys-stolpersteine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/germanys-stolpersteine\/","title":{"rendered":"Germany’s Stolpersteine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Guten Tag! Today we\u2019re travelling around Germany again, this time to look at Stolpersteine.<\/strong> In fact, the Stolpersteine will take us out of Germany, too, and all around Europe. Read on to find out more.<\/p>\n

In the early \u201890s, a German artist named Gunter Demnig<\/strong> came up with the idea of Stolpersteine,<\/strong> commemorative brass plaques that remembered the victims of national socialism. Originally intended to be a one-off project, the Stolpersteine were so well-received that Demnig continued to install his plaques all around Germany and, eventually, all around Europe. They can now be found in several European countries, including \u00d6sterreich (Austria), die Schweiz (Switzerland), Italien (Italy), die Slowakei (Slovakia), Tschechien (Czech Republic), Ungarn (Hungary), Finnland (Finland), and Frankreich (France).<\/p>\n

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Image by Hans Brexmeier via Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n

So what\u2019s special about the Stolpersteine?<\/strong> They are always installed on the pavement (der Gehweg<\/strong>) outside the individual\u2019s last place of residence or work before they fell victim to the Nazis, and there is always one plaque per person (note: they are never placed in front of residences or workplaces that a person was forced to live or work in, but outside a place where they were happy). As of December 2019, a total of 75,000 Stolpersteine have been installed around Europe. That means, wherever you go in Germany (or most other countries in Europe), there is the chance you will stumble upon a Stolperstein at some point on your trip. You may have even stumbled upon one already, without realising it!<\/p>\n

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Stolpersteine being installed. Image via Pixabay.<\/p><\/div>\n

That\u2019s what the word der Stolperstein<\/strong> means \u2013 \u2018the stumbling stone\u2019.<\/strong> It is made of the verb stolpern \u2013 to stumble,<\/strong> and the noun der Stein \u2013 stone<\/strong>. Gunter Demnig chose this name because he liked its double meaning; the idea that you will stumble<\/em> upon these plaques unexpectedly, but also that it will make you stumble mentally<\/em>. He wanted the plaques to make people stop and think, so the past is never forgotten, and the individuals named on the plaques are always remembered.<\/p>\n

The inscription on each Stolperstein begins, \u2018Hier wohnte\u2019 (\u2018Here lived\u2019)<\/strong> or \u2018Hier arbeitete\u2019 (\u2018Here worked\u2019)<\/strong>, followed by the person\u2019s name. It then usually goes on to list their year of birth using the abbreviation JG (\u2018Jahrgang\u2019)<\/strong>, and what happened to them. Here is a real inscription on a Stolperstein:<\/p>\n

Hier arbeitete<\/strong>
\nMeta Kroner<\/strong>
\nJG. 1905<\/strong>
\nDeportiert 1943<\/strong>
\nErmordet in Auschwitz<\/strong><\/p>\n

Here worked
\nMeta Kroner
\nDOB 1905
\nDeported in 1943
\nMurdered in Auschwitz<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Here are some more:<\/p>\n

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Image via Pixabay.<\/p><\/div>\n

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Flowers are often laid around the Stolpersteine on significant memorial dates. Image via Pixabay.<\/p><\/div>\n

In places where there were too many victims to create a Stolperstein for each of them, Demnig installs what he calls Stolperschwellen \u2013 \u2018stumbling thresholds\u2019<\/strong>. These are longer than the Stolpersteine and contain several names.<\/p>\n

Demnig’s project is the largest, non-localised memorial in Europe. As well as remembering the victims, he hopes that the Stolpersteine and Stolperschwellen will encourage younger people to learn more about their neighbourhoods, the people who lived in them, and the atrocities they faced, so that this is never forgotten.<\/p>\n

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Image via Pixabay<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

Guten Tag! Today we\u2019re travelling around Germany again, this time to look at Stolpersteine. In fact, the Stolpersteine will take us out of Germany, too, and all around Europe. Read on to find out more. In the early \u201890s, a German artist named Gunter Demnig came up with the idea of Stolpersteine, commemorative brass plaques…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":119,"featured_media":11870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[21,8464,358425,8883,95131,95066,533773,421737,533786,376027,8882],"class_list":["post-11866","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","tag-art","tag-europe","tag-geography-2","tag-german-history","tag-german-language","tag-history-2","tag-memorials","tag-second-world-war","tag-stolpersteine","tag-travel","tag-world-war-2"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/119"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11866"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11881,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11866\/revisions\/11881"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/german\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}