{"id":1459,"date":"2014-06-11T17:13:04","date_gmt":"2014-06-11T17:13:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/?p=1459"},"modified":"2014-06-11T17:13:04","modified_gmt":"2014-06-11T17:13:04","slug":"greek-abbreviations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/greek-abbreviations\/","title":{"rendered":"Greek abbreviations"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"DSC_1246\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Sometimes, learners of the Greek language, but even native speakers as well, have difficulty understanding what all these abbreviations that we find in books, notes and reference tables stand for.
\nHere\u2019s a great opportunity to see some of the most commonly used ones as well as to analyze what they mean or how they are used.<\/p>\n

\u03c0.\u03a7.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd (pro Hreestou)<\/em>= B.C., before Christ.
\n\u039f \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 5\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9. \u03c0.\u03a7<\/span>. (O Parthenonas hteesteeke ton pempto eona pro Hreestou)<\/em>
\nThe Parthenon was built in the 5th century B.C.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03bc.\u03a7.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd (meta Hreeston)<\/em> = A.D., Anno Domini, after Christ.
\n\u0397 \u0391\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03a3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ac \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 6\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9. \u03bc.\u03a7.<\/span> (Ee Ageea Sophia hteesteeke ton ekto eona meta Hreeston)<\/em>
\nThe Hagia Sophia cathedral was built in the 6th century A.D.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 (eonas)<\/em>= century.
\n\u00a0\u039f \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ae\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 5\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 15\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9. \u03bc.\u03a7.<\/span> (O meseonas deeeerkese apo ton pemto os ton dekato pemto eona meta Hreeston)<\/em>
\nThe Middle Ages lasted from the 5th until the 15th century A.D.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03c0.\u03c7. \/ \u03bb.\u03c7.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 (paradeegmatos haree, logou haree)<\/em> = for example.
\n\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c0.\u03c7. \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf, <\/span>
\n\u00a0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5.<\/span> (Geea na ftiaxoume teen karta, pernoume treea harteea, gia paradeegma ena kokino, ena kitrino ki ena ble)<\/em>
\nIn order to make this card, we take three colored papers, for example, a red, a yellow and a blue
\none.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03ba.\u03bf.\u03ba.<\/strong> <\/span>= \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u2019 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2 (ke outo kathexees) <\/em>= likewise, so on.
\n\u0388\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba.\u03bf.\u03ba.<\/span> (Eperne ena hartee appo teen areesteree steeva, to eepegrafe ke to topothetouse steen dexeea ke outo kathexees)<\/em>
\nHe took a paper from the left pack, signed it and placed it on the right pack, and so on.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. \/ \u03ba\u03bb\u03c0.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03ac (ke ta leepa)<\/em>= etc., et cet., (et cetera), et al. (et alia), and others, and so forth.
\n\u0389\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7, \u03bf \u03a0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u0386\u03bd\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bf \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03bb\u03c0.<\/span> (Eerthe olee ee taxee, o Petros, ee Anna, ee Elenee, o Neekos ke leepa)<\/em>
\nThe whole class came, Peter, Anna, Helen, Nick, etc.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03c0.\u03bc.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (pro messemvreeas)<\/em>= a.m., ante meridiem, before noon.
\n\u00a0\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 10.00\u00a0 \u03c0.\u03bc.<\/span> (Ee seenateesee tha geenee stees deka pro meseemvrias)<\/em>
\nThe meeting will take place at 10.00 a.m.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03bc.\u03bc.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03bd (meta meseemvreean)<\/em> = p.m., post meridiem, after midday, after noon.
\n\u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5.00 \u03bc.\u03bc.<\/span> (To treno erhete stees pente meta messemvrian)<\/em>
\nThe train arrives at 5.00 p.m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The following abbreviations are usually found in appendices, bibliographies, reference tables, notes, etc. but rarely in the actual text:<\/p>\n

\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6.<\/span><\/strong> = \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf (kefaleo)<\/em> = chapter.
\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b2\u03bb. \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6. 3.<\/span> (Afto epefere epeedeenosee tees katastasees, vlepe kefaleo treea)<\/em>
\nThis made the situation worse. See chapter 3.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03b2\u03bb.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5 (vlepe) <\/em>= see, look at.
\n\u00a0[\u03b2\u03bb. \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1]<\/span>. (vlepe sto parapano paradeegma)<\/em>
\n[look at the previous example].<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (tomos) <\/em>= volume.
\n\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 2\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc.<\/span> (Afto epexeegeete kaleetera ston deftero tomo)<\/em>
\nThis is better analyzed in vol. 2.<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03c3. \/ \u03c3\u03c3. \/ \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 (seleeda)<\/em> \/ \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 (seleedes) <\/em>= page \/ pages.
\n\u039f\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 234).<\/span> (Olokliro to peeeema boreete na to vreete parakato, seleeda deeakoseea treeanta tessera)<\/em>
\nYou can find the whole poem below (p. 234).<\/p>\n

 
\n\u03ba.\u03b5.<\/strong><\/span> = \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2 (ke exees)<\/em> = from now on.
\n \u00a0\u039f \u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba.\u03b5. \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/span> (O enagon, anaferomenos ke exees os pateras tha ehee ta parakato deekeomata)<\/em>
\nThe plaintiff, from now on called the father, will have the following rights.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"DSC_1254\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

Sometimes, learners of the Greek language, but even native speakers as well, have difficulty understanding what all these abbreviations that we find in books, notes and reference tables stand for. Here\u2019s a great opportunity to see some of the most commonly used ones as well as to analyze what they mean or how they are…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":1462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[274452],"tags":[337428,337427,337426,337429,337430,337431],"class_list":["post-1459","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vocablary","tag-abbreviations-in-appendices","tag-common-greek-abbreviations","tag-greek-abbreviations","tag-greek-abbreviations-in-bibliographies","tag-greek-abbreviations-in-reference-tables","tag-meaning-of-greek-abbreviations"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t