{"id":2573,"date":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","date_gmt":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/?p=2573"},"modified":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","modified_gmt":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","slug":"grammar-time-the-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/grammar-time-the-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar Time: The Present Perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"

We use the Present Perfect tense (\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) to talk about an action that happened in the past. The focus is on the effects of the action. It is formed by the verb \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9<\/em> + the stem of the Past Simple Tense (\u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)<\/em> + the ending \u2013\u03b5\u03b9 \/ -\u03b5\u03af<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/p>\n

\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/p>\n

\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 etc.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Usually, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 is replaced by \u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/h6>\n

Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0388\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I have come many times to your house but you were not there.<\/p>\n

\u0389\u03c1\u03b8\u03b1<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I came many times to your house but you were not there.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. Konstantinos has studied Medicine.<\/p>\n

\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5<\/span> \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. Konstantinos studied Medicine.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. Mariana has left from work and is going home.<\/p>\n

\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. Mariana left from work and is going home.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

However, when there is specific time in the sentence, we always use the \u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/h6>\n

Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0389\u03c1\u03b8\u03b1<\/span> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u00a0<\/em>\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I came to your house on Monday but you were not there.<\/p>\n

\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5<\/span> \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>. Konstantinos studied Medicine ten years ago.<\/p>\n

\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac<\/em>. Mariana left from work ten minutes ago.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

If you want to practice, do the following quiz. You have to choose the right sentence. In some\u00a0cases, both sentences are correct. The right sentences are translated in English.<\/p>\n

1. \u03b1. \u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2 (We have paid the bill. \/ We paid the bill.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2. \u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5. \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b1. (because of the expression \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5). The bus left at five.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. \u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac. \u00a0\u03b2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b1. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2. I don’t know if the children ate. \/ I don’t know if the children have eaten.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

4. \u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2. \u00a0\u03b2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b2. (because of the expression \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2). I don’t remember which movie I saw yesterday<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

5. \u03b1. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce. \u00a0\u03b2. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce.\u00a0

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b1 . \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2. (Don’t buy the tickets for the theater. I have bought them. \/ I bought them.)<\/div>\n<\/div><\/p>\n

6. \u03b1. \u00a0\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03af; \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03af;

\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n
\u03b1. Who didn’t eat in the morning?<\/div>\n<\/div><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

We use the Present Perfect tense (\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) to talk about an action that happened in the past. The focus is on the effects of the action. It is formed by the verb \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 + the stem of the Past Simple Tense (\u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) + the ending \u2013\u03b5\u03b9 \/ -\u03b5\u03af. \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 etc…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":2576,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[6,293023],"tags":[292972,292979,363549,177,292996],"class_list":["post-2573","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","category-quizzes","tag-greek-grammar","tag-greek-quiz","tag-greek-verbs","tag-tenses","tag-use-of-greek"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/102"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2573"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2581,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2573\/revisions\/2581"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}