{"id":2573,"date":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","date_gmt":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/?p=2573"},"modified":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","modified_gmt":"2017-05-18T21:21:20","slug":"grammar-time-the-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/grammar-time-the-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar Time: The Present Perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We use the Present Perfect tense (\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) to talk about an action that happened in the past. The focus is on the effects of the action. It is formed by the verb <em>\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9<\/em> + <em>the stem of the Past Simple Tense (\u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2)<\/em> + <em>the ending \u2013\u03b5\u03b9 \/ -\u03b5\u03af<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/p>\n<p>\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/p>\n<p>\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 etc.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2576\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640-350x231.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>Usually, \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 is replaced by \u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u0388\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I have come many times to your house but you were not there.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u0389\u03c1\u03b8\u03b1<\/span> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I came many times to your house but you were not there.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. Konstantinos has studied Medicine.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5<\/span> \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. Konstantinos studied Medicine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 <span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. Mariana has left from work and is going home.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1<span style=\"color: #3366ff\"> \u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. Mariana left from work and is going home.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>However, when there is specific time in the sentence, we always use the \u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u0389\u03c1\u03b8\u03b1<\/span> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 <em>\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u00a0<\/em>\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. I came to your house on Monday but you were not there.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 <span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5<\/span> \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>. Konstantinos studied Medicine ten years ago.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 <span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac<\/em>. Mariana left from work ten minutes ago.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you want to practice, do the following quiz. You have to choose the right sentence. In some\u00a0cases, both sentences are correct. The right sentences are translated in English.<\/p>\n<p>1. \u03b1. \u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2 (We have paid the bill. \/ We paid the bill.)<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle-->\n<p>2. \u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5. \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b1. (because of the expression \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 5). The bus left at five.<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle-->\n<p>3. \u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac. \u00a0\u03b2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b1. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2. I don&#8217;t know if the children ate. \/ I don&#8217;t know if the children have eaten.<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle-->\n<p>4. \u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2. \u00a0\u03b2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b2. (because of the expression \u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2). I don&#8217;t remember which movie I saw yesterday<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle-->\n<p>5. \u03b1. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce. \u00a0\u03b2. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce.\u00a0<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b1 . \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2. (Don&#8217;t buy the tickets for the theater. I have bought them. \/ I bought them.)<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle--><\/p>\n<p>6. \u03b1. \u00a0\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03af; \u00a0\u03b2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03af;<div class=\"shortcode-toggle toggle-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%83%cf%84%ce%ae-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%ac%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7 closed default border\"><h4 class=\"toggle-trigger\"><a href=\"#\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/h4>\n<div class=\"toggle-content\">\u03b1. Who didn&#8217;t eat in the morning?<\/div><!--\/.toggle-content-->\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_open\" value=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"title_closed\" value=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\" \/><\/div><!--\/.shortcode-toggle--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2575\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/croissants-569075_640.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/croissants-569075_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/croissants-569075_640-350x233.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640-350x231.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640-350x231.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2017\/05\/grammar-389907_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p>We use the Present Perfect tense (\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) to talk about an action that happened in the past. The focus is on the effects of the action. It is formed by the verb \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 + the stem of the Past Simple Tense (\u0391\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) + the ending \u2013\u03b5\u03b9 \/ -\u03b5\u03af. \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 etc&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/greek\/grammar-time-the-present-perfect\/\">Continue 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