{"id":6041,"date":"2017-05-02T03:49:43","date_gmt":"2017-05-02T03:49:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/hindi\/?p=6041"},"modified":"2017-05-17T01:45:15","modified_gmt":"2017-05-17T01:45:15","slug":"hindi-ki-khichri-me-punjabi-suaad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/hindi\/hindi-ki-khichri-me-punjabi-suaad\/","title":{"rendered":"Hindi ki Khichri Me Punjabi ‘Suaad’"},"content":{"rendered":"

As I\u2019ve said before, Hindi is sometimes called a \u201ckhichdri bhasha,\u201d (\u0916\u093f\u091a\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e, both words are feminine nouns) which basically means that it is a \u201cmixed language\u201d consisting of words, phrases and even sometimes grammatical structures from a variety of different languages. \u201cKhichdri\u201d (\u0916\u093f\u091a\u0921\u093c\u0940, fem. noun) is a popular dish of ghee or clarified butter, cooked lentils, rice and spices that is simultaneously a \u201ccomfort food\u201d as well as a dish often recommended for those suffering from digestive problems or other ailments; as it pertains to a language, \u201ckhichdi\u201d (\u0916\u093f\u091a\u0921\u093c\u0940) basically means that the language in question is composed of different elements, just as the dish is. Knowing the origin of words and phrases in Hindi can be a fascinating way to track this language and its speakers\u2019 contact with various \u201cvisitors\u201d and permanent settlers who traveled to North India throughout the centuries. Some of the languages that can be detected within Hindi words, phrases and grammatical structures are the following: Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Portuguese, Sanskrit, Prakrit and, of course, English.<\/p>\n

But, in this blog, I want to talk about a very particular South Asian language that has touched Hindi, especially as it is spoken in and around the Indian capital city of New Delhi, in an indelible way. That\u2019s right, I\u2019m talking about Punjabi (\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c\u0940, fem. noun, as are all languages). The title of this blog, “\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093f\u091a\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0906\u0926” (Hindi ki khichri me Punjabi suaad, or svaad in Hindi) meaning “(A) Punjabi flavor in Hindi khichri,” should’ve given you a clue as to what this blog would be about \ud83d\ude42 This language is part of the Indo-Aryan language group, just as Hindi is, and it is commonly spoken in both the Indian and Pakistani parts of Punjab (where it often written in Urdu or nastaliq script). There are a lot of stereotypes, some of them not favorable, about Punjabis and some \u201cShuddh Hindivale\u201d (\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, or proponents of shuddh\/\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 or pure, i.e. Sanksritized, Hindi) would argue that Punjabis have “corrupted” Sanskritized Hindi by injecting it with their own particular flavor. But, in this blog, we\u2019ll try to forget all of that and talk about all the ways in which this fascinating language has positively influenced its sister, Hindi.<\/p>\n

\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/jasonsam\/455293517\/in\/photolist-GeuUe-daiQ8-Gd6by-dakYC-GbrgJ-7kLDUB-Gf9V4-GdA44-dakwD-Gf7FL-Geqc6-GenQb-CdnLT-G84DU-Gbvfj-dakoQ-Gdi4B-GbuvV-G8f2t-GePge-GdoD6-Gf9N7-dakKC-GdhoQ-Gde6A-dak8r-GeZ9X-damPK-GewjA-GdknW-CdnCh-damby-daj2o-damiV-CdncJ-dahKt-Gdzsn-Gd721-GbB7F-GeuiC-Gddbq-dam5p-Cdn3K-Gbu9q-Gdqus-GdDPt-GdvZx-daj8g-dahmd-Gdu3o\"

A Punjabi Bride and Groom; image by Jason Varghese on Flickr<\/p><\/div>\n

If you find yourself in New Delhi (commonly just referred to as Delhi or, in Hindi and Punjabi, \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940), you may hear quite a bit of Punjabi or Punjabi-inflected Hindi because of the large number of Punjabis who live there. They will most likely appreciate it if you know a few words and phrases in Punjabi as well as in Hindi or at least appreciate the striking resemblance between the two languages:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Da\/de\/di (\u0926\u093e\/\u0926\u0947\/\u0926\u0940):<\/strong> the Punjabi equivalents of ka\/ke\/ki (\u0915\u093e\/\u0915\u0947\/\u0915\u0940 or possessive particles in Hindi; there is a separate form for feminine plural in Punjabi, but you most likely will not need to know that). Here are some examples of this:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093e (\u0915\u093e) \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\/Pinky humaare parivaar daa (kaa) sadasya ho gayi hai<\/strong> \u0964 Pinky has become a member of our family.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    *If you\u2019re going to talk about Hinglish, which is a combination of Hindi and English, you can\u2019t forget \u201cPinglish,\u201d a combination of Punjabi and English; here\u2019s a good example of it in an actual Punjabi song title: \u201cFamily \u0926\u0940 Member\u201d (from the Punjabi film, \u0905\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\/Angrej).<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0935\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0940 (\u0915\u0940) girlfriend (\u0917\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0921) \u0939\u0948 \/ Voh humaare bhaai di (ki) girlfriend hai.<\/strong> She is our brother\u2019s girlfriend.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u092f\u0947 \u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0925 \u0926\u0947\/\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0915\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 (Punjabi: pakaurhaa, \u092a\u0915\u094c\u0921\u093c\u093e) \u0915\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0926\u0947\/\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ! \/Ye tumhaare haath de\/ke pakore (Punj: pakaure) kamaal de\/ke hain!<\/strong> These pakoras you\u2019ve made are amazing!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \"\"<\/a>

        Children running with the Indian flag in Atari, Punjab, India, at the border of India and Pakistan; image by Sean Ellis on Flickr<\/p><\/div>\n

        Pind (\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921):<\/strong> a very important word, if not essential! It means a village.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092d\u0940 (\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947) \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \/ Kabhi kabhi (mujhe) apne pind ki bahut yaad aati hai.<\/strong> Sometimes I miss my village a lot.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          *variations: village-like or of the village<\/strong> (\u092a\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0942\/pendoo<\/strong>), villager<\/strong> (\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\/pind vaalaa<\/strong>). Be careful how you use these terms, however, as they can carry a pejorative connotation of someone who is unsophisticated and simple (in a bad way).<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Ainvayi (\u0910\u0902\u0935\u092f\u0940)<\/strong>: in Hindi, this would be translated as \u201cyunh hi,\u201d (\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940)<\/strong> which has many meanings, including \u201cjust in this way, casually, simply, cursorily, by chance\u201d; this is a notoriously difficult phrase to translate, so I will illustrate its possible meanings with a few examples:<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Q: \u0924\u0941\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u094b?\/Tum baahar kyon par rahe ho? A: (\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947) \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0924\u093e, \u0910\u0902\u0935\u092f\u0940\/\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0964 \/ (Mujhe) nahin pataa, ainvayi\/yunh hi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Q: Why are you reading outside? A: I don\u2019t know, just because\/just like that.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0906\u092a \u0924\u094b \u0910\u0902\u0935\u092f\u0940\/\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 |\/ Aap to ainvayi\/yunh hi naaraaz ho jaate hain.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              You become\/get angry just like that (you have a quick temper).<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u201c\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u092c \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0910\u0902\u0935\u092f\u0940\/\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0941\u092a\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0916\u092c\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u094b\u091a \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u201d \/ “Main bulb ki or ainvayi\/yunh hi dekhtaa chupchaap is tarah baithaa rahaa jaise saari duniyaa bekhbar hokar koi gambheer baat soch rahaa huun.”<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                (From renowned Hindi author, Rajendra Yadav\u2019s, \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0936\/Saaraa Aakaash\/The Whole Sky<\/strong>). I remained seated, just (simply) silently staring at the bulb as if I were thinking about something serious, oblivious to the world.<\/p>\n

                \"\"<\/a>

                An example of a sign in Delhi featuring Hindi text (Devangari), English (Roman), Punjabi (Gurumukhi) and Urdu (nastaliq); image by Hardeep Singh on Flickr<\/p><\/div>\n

                Ik (\u0907\u0915):\u00a0<\/strong>his can mean \u201ca\u201d in Punjabi but, in Hindi, can have the meanings of both \u201ca\u201d and can be a variation of \u090f\u0915 (ek) or the number one. This is a useful word to know both for Punjabi and Hindi because it is often used in song lyrics to add a more melodious tone to the words.<\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0907\u0915 (\u090f\u0915) \u0924\u0942\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u0906 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \/ Ik (ek) toofaan aa gayaa hai.<\/strong> A storm has come.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                  Some Postpositions and Other Useful Words:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0935\u093f\u091a (vich)<\/strong>: in, equivalent to \u092e\u0947\u0902\/me<\/strong> in Hindi<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0926\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947 (de vaaste)<\/strong>: for, equivalent to \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f\/ke liye<\/strong> in Hindi<\/li>\n
                  3. \u0926\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 (de piche)<\/strong>: behind, equivalent to \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947\/ke peeche<\/strong> in Hindi<\/li>\n
                  4. \u0926\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0932 (de naal)<\/strong>: with, equivalent to \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\/ke saath<\/strong> in Hindi<\/li>\n
                  5. \u0915\u094c\u0923 (kau\u1e47)<\/strong>: who, equivalent to \u0915\u094c\u0928\/kaun<\/strong> in Hindi. But, there is an important difference here in pronunciation\u2013\u2013whereas the Hindi \u0915\u094c\u0928\/kaun has a dental \u201cn\u201d at the end (meaning that the \u201cn\u201d is formed by placing the tip of your tongue against the back of your top, front teeth), the Punjabi \u201c\u0915\u094c\u0923\/kau\u1e47\u201d requires a retroflex \u201cn\u201d at the end, meaning that you curl your tongue farther back to touch your soft palate, leaving you with an R-inflected \u201cn\u201d sound.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    *Other question words: what, \u0915\u0940\/ki<\/strong> or, in Hindi, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\/kyaa<\/strong>, \u0915\u093f\u0925\u094d\u0925\u0947\/kiththe<\/strong>\u00a0or, in Hindi, \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901\/kahaan<\/strong>, when, \u0915\u0926\u094b\u0923\/kado\u1e47 <\/strong>or, in Hindi, \u0915\u092c\/kab<\/strong> and why, \u0915\u093f\u0923\u0941\/ki\u1e47u <\/strong>or, in Hindi, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\/kyoon\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \u091a\u0902\u0917\u0940 (changee)<\/strong>: good (\u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e\/accha)<\/strong><\/li>\n
                    2. \u0915\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0940 (kuree)<\/strong>: girl (\u0932\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0940\/larki<\/strong> in Hindi).<\/li>\n
                    3. \u092e\u0941\u0902\u0921\u093e (mundaa)<\/strong>: boy (\u0932\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\/larkaa<\/strong> in Hindi).<\/li>\n
                    4. \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930 (sundar)<\/strong>: this is the same in Hindi or, you can say \u0938\u094b\u0923\u0940 (so\u1e47i, informal)<\/strong> or \u0938\u094b\u0923\u0947 (so\u1e47e, formal)<\/strong> to give more of a Punjabi flavor.<\/li>\n
                    5. \u092e\u0941\u0916 (mukh)<\/strong>: this is the same in informal Hindi (but in Hindi it can mean both face and mouth). Or, in more standard Hindi, the equivalent of this is \u091a\u0947\u0939\u0930\u093e\/chehraa<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
                    6. \u0935\u0921\u093e (vadaa)<\/strong>: big or, in Hindi, \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e\/baraa<\/strong>. You will notice a pattern with many adjectives from Hindi to Punjab: the initial \u201cb\u201d in Hindi is replaced with a \u201cv\u201d in Punjabi.<\/li>\n
                    7. \u0935\u0927\u093e\u0908\/\u0935\u0927\u093e\u092f\u0940 (vadhaayee)<\/strong>: congratulations which, in Hindi, is \u092c\u0927\u093e\u0908 (\u0939\u094b)\/badhaayee ho<\/strong>.<\/em><\/li>\n
                    8. \u0935\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e (<\/em>vadheeyaa)<\/strong>: of good quality or simple \u201cgreat!\u201d In Hindi, this is \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e (bardhiyaa)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
                    9. \u0932\u0902\u0917\u0930 (langar)<\/strong>: community kitchen often found in Sikh temples (or \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\/gurudvaaraa)<\/strong> wherein members of the temple community take turns cooking meals for the entire community; these meals are free and usually very tasty.<\/li>\n
                    10. \u0938\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 (sat sree akaal)<\/strong>: the all-important Sikh greeting which translates to \u201cGod is truth.\u201d About 76% of India\u2019s Sikhs live in Punjab, where they make up a 2\/3 majority, but you still want to be careful not to assume that everyone is Sikh; common indicators include a turban (usually worn by men, who often sport long facial hair) and a steel bracelet or \u0915\u0921\u093c\u093e\/karaa<\/strong> worn by both women and men.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      I thought it would be fun to feature a Punjabi song for a change, as the Hindi and Punjabi music and film industries feed into each other quite a lot. Listen to this song with a piece of paper and pen\/pencil at hand so that you can note down any words that seem familiar from your knowledge of Hindi. This song is called “\u0915\u0941\u0930\u0924\u093e\/kurtaa” (hey, there’s one!) from the aforementioned film \u0905\u0901\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\/Angrej and features actor and singer Amrinder Gill, who is incredibly popular amongst those in the know \ud83d\ude09 As a plus, one of the costars of this film is the \u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921\/pind:<\/p>\n