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The first thing to know about class II and III nouns <\/strong>is that the nominative and accusative plural endings will change. That\u2019s the takeaway, I think.<\/p>\n Masculine nouns ending in -ur<\/em> (as written in the kennimynd<\/em> or dictionary entry) will have an -ir<\/em> ending in the nominative plural instead of an -ar<\/em> ending. IMPORTANT: the definite articles do not change<\/em>.<\/p>\n The accusative plural will simply be -i<\/em> instead of -a<\/em>. Examples include gestur<\/a> <\/em>(guest), fundur <\/em>(meeting), gl<\/em>\u00e6pur<\/em> (crime), hvalur <\/em>(whale), and vinur<\/em> (friends). <\/em>They\u00b4re hard to spot, so it\u00b4s best to simply learn them.<\/p>\n So instead of saying vinar<\/u><\/strong>, <\/em>you\u00b4d say vinir<\/u><\/strong><\/em>. If you\u00b4re going to the movies with your friends, you\u00b4ll go with vini<\/u><\/strong><\/em> instead of vina<\/u><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n There\u2019s also often a B-vowel shift\/stem change<\/u><\/strong>, or a B-v<\/em>\u00edxl, <\/em>in masculine type II nouns. It\u2019ll follow one of these patterns:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n You\u2019ll see this vowel shift in words like fj<\/em>\u00f6r\u00f0ur<\/em>, \u00fer\u00f6stur<\/em> (crow), and bj<\/em>\u00f6rn. <\/em>[Also note that sonur<\/em> is a type II masculine noun, but the vowel change is o — y.]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n So the declension of fj\u00f6r\u00f0ur<\/em> — and similar words (incl. hj<\/em>\u00f6rtur<\/em> and kj\u00f6lur<\/em>) — is:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Note that the initial vowel\/stem change occurs in the dative (\u00fe\u00e1gufall or <\/strong>\u201c<\/strong>\u00fegf\u201d) singular.<\/strong> It is complicated, and largely a matter of memorization. But that\u2019s a good starting point. You know that the nominative and accusative singular forms will be \u201cnormal,\u201d they\u2019ll reflect the dictionary entry.<\/p>\n So: you know that the stem change will happen in dative, and that the nominative and accusative plural forms will have the same stem change\/vowel as the dative singular.<\/strong> You also know that the genitive plural and genitive singular have the same stem (vowel) — \u201ca\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Phew.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Last thing to note here:<\/strong><\/p>\n You\u2019ve probably come across the -ar-ins ending (vs s-ins) in the genitive singular. That\u2019s a class II masculine form! If it has an -ir<\/em> in plural, it\u2019ll have an -ar-ins ending in the possessive (genitive) singular form. Generally. Most often.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n BUT THERE IS MAYBE A SORT OF TRICK TO THIS MADNESS!<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n Masculine nouns ending in a<\/em>\u00f0ur <\/em>and u\u00f0ur<\/em> are all always<\/u> class III! <\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n So we\u2019re talking about words like m<\/em>\u00e1nu\u00f0ur, h\u00f6nnu\u00f0ur, kl\u00e6\u00f0na\u00f0ur<\/em>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Lets have a look. What you need to know:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nouns ending in -andi<\/em> denote a type of person or occupation — \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0andi <\/em>[translator], nemandi <\/em>[student]. They\u2019ll decline like weak nouns in the singular. Nothing too tricky. They\u2019ll have a vowel\/stem change when going from singular to plural (a — e) and they\u2019ll end in -ur<\/em> in plural nominative and accusative.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Other type III nouns include:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/icelandic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2017\/01\/vinur-1024x447.jpg\")
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\nSimiliarly,<\/u><\/em><\/strong> masculine nouns ending with –andi<\/em> are type III.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/icelandic\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2017\/01\/nemendi-good-1024x384.png\")
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