{"id":89,"date":"2011-09-18T22:38:29","date_gmt":"2011-09-18T22:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/icelandic\/?p=89"},"modified":"2011-09-18T22:39:22","modified_gmt":"2011-09-18T22:39:22","slug":"grammar-taught-in-second-semester","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/icelandic\/2011\/09\/18\/grammar-taught-in-second-semester\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar taught in second semester"},"content":{"rendered":"

Here is a list of the grammar taught in second semester at the University of Iceland’s Icelandic for Foreigners Bachelor program. If you want me to teach something that’s on here or is on the first semester list<\/a>, just let me know.<\/p>\n

Declining irregular nouns
\nS\u00e1 – used as a back-reference in a sentence, also meaning “the one” (who took the book was\u2026)
\nWeak declension of adjectives
\nAbout nouns that can’t be counted normally (like milk, coffee – you can’t say “two coffees” or “two milks” but you can say “two cups of coffee\/milk”)
\nImpersonal verbs
\nWhen to use which case when using numbers and addresses
\nWhen and how to use \u00fea\u00f0
\nTopicalization
\nSj\u00e1lfur and when to use it
\nSem and how to use it when putting two sentences together.
\nAllur and enginn, how to use them
\nNegative words (ekki, aldrei, varla, hvergi, hvorki) used with neinn, nokkur
\nEinhver and eitthva\u00f0 usage
\nSumir and b\u00e1\u00f0ir usage
\nHvorugur, annar usage
\nReciprocity (reflexive verb forms)
\nMiddle voice verbs (mi\u00f0myndarsagnir)
\nSubjunctive (Vi\u00f0tengingarh\u00e1ttur)
\nPast-tense
\nPassive voice
\nPast participles<\/p>\n

Comparatives (mi\u00f0stig) and superlatives (efstastig)<\/p>\n

Mi\u00f0stig (mst.) changes the word’s ending to -(a)ri if the word is masculine or feminine, and to -(a)ra if the word is neuter. If the word is plural it changes to -(a)ri.
\nEfstastig (est.) changes the word’s ending to -(a)st.<\/p>\n

You put this changed ending after the stem. If using the superlative, then tack on the original ending of the word too. The notes below are taken straight from the course, with just my translations added.<\/p>\n

gulur – yellow
\ngul-ari – yellower
\ngul-ast-ur – yellowest<\/p>\n

B\u00f3kin m\u00edn er gul-ari en \u00fe\u00edn (my book is yellower than yours)
\nH\u00fasi\u00f0 mitt er gul-ara en \u00feitt (my house is yellower than yours)
\nPennarnir m\u00ednir eru gul-ari en \u00fe\u00ednir (my pens are yellower than yours)
\n\u00deessi b\u00edll er gul-ast-ur. (this car is the yellowest)
\n\u00deessir litir eru gul-ast-ir. (these colours are the yellowest)
\nB\u00f3kin m\u00edn er gul-ust (My book is the yellowest – Remember the a-v\u00edxl!)
\nH\u00fasi\u00f0 mitt er gul-ast (My house is the yellowest)<\/p>\n

Common exceptions and how they decline:
\ngamall, eldri, elstur (old, older, oldest\/eldest)
\ng\u00f3\u00f0ur, betri, bestur (good, better, best)
\nl\u00edtill, minni, minnstur (little, less, least or small, smaller, smallest)
\nmikill, meiri, mestur (much, more, most)
\nvondur, verri, verstur (bad, worse, worst)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Here is a list of the grammar taught in second semester at the University of Iceland’s Icelandic for Foreigners Bachelor program. If you want me to teach something that’s on here or is on the first semester list, just let me know. Declining irregular nouns S\u00e1 – used as a back-reference in a sentence, also…<\/p>\n

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