{"id":3408,"date":"2018-08-31T23:36:15","date_gmt":"2018-09-01T03:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/?p=3408"},"modified":"2018-08-31T23:45:11","modified_gmt":"2018-09-01T03:45:11","slug":"circumfix-ke-an-adjectives-to-form-an-abstract-noun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/circumfix-ke-an-adjectives-to-form-an-abstract-noun\/","title":{"rendered":"Circumfix \u201cke-… -an\u201d + Adjectives to form an abstract noun"},"content":{"rendered":"

Form:
\nAdjective: ke<\/strong>–adjective root word<\/em>–an<\/strong><\/p>\n

Circumfix \u201cke-…-an\u201d forms nouns from adjectives, verbs and other classes. In this posting, we will only focus on nouns made from adjectives.
\nAdjectives can be transformed into abstract noun by applying circumfix \u201cke-…-an\u201d to them. So the nouns can be constructed only by the addition of the prefix \u201cke-\u201d and the suffix \u201c\u2013an\u201d to the base. If the base is adjectival, it means \u201cstate or quality of being.\u201d <\/p>\n

Root word \tEnglish \t\u201cke-…-an\u201d noun, the root of which is adjective \tEnglish
\nbaik \tgood; well \tkebaikan \tkindness; goodness
\ncantik \tbeautiful \tkecantikan \tbeauty
\nkaya \trich \tkekayaan \twealth
\nsehat \thealthy \tkesehatan \thealth
\nberani \tcourageous \tkeberanian \tcourage <\/p>\n

Compound word \tEnglish \t\u201cke- -an\u201d noun, the root of which is adjective \tEnglish
\ntidak adil – unjust – ketidakadilan – injustice
\ntidak cocok – incompatible – ketidakcocokan – incompatibility
\ntidak jujur – dishonest – ketidakjujuran – dishonesty
\ntidak aman – insecure – ketidakamanan \tinsecurity
\ntidak ramah – unfriendly – ketidakramahan – unfriendliness <\/p>\n


\nNOTE <\/strong>
\nPay attention to \u201cke-…-an\u201d words with dual meanings. Depending on how we use them in context, they may indicate one thing or the other. <\/p>\n

More examples: <\/strong>
\n\u201cKe-…-an\u201d word \tAdjective \tAbstract noun <\/p>\n

kelaparan – struck by hunger (starving) – hunger
\nkepanjangan – too long – unabbreviated form (e.g. of a name \u201cKepanjangan namanya\u2026.)
\nkependekan – too short \tabbreviated form(e.g. of a name \u201cKependekkan namanya\u2026.)
\nkepedasan – too spicy – spiciness
\nketipisan – too thin – thinness (not for body) <\/p>\n

Do you find the pattern? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Generally the meaning of the noun can be predicted from the meaning of the root word and the context of the sentence. <\/p>\n

Grammar Practice <\/strong>
\n1. Presiden memberi tanda jasa kepada para pahlawan atas (courage<\/strong>) mereka melawan penjajah.
\n2. Menteri Kesehatan Indonesia mendapat (honor<\/strong>) untuk membuka Pameran Obat Tradisional.
\n3. Dokter-dokter angkatan darat mengikuti latihan (readiness<\/strong>) merawat penderita sakit dalam latihan perang di Pantai Pasir Putih.
\n4. Waktu menonton film Paranormal Activity, banyak penonton berteriak (scared<\/strong>).
\n5. Pasukan penjaga perdamaian Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa membantu pemerintah Afganistan menanggulangi (insecurity<\/strong>) di negara tersebut.
\n6. Kita harus memiliki (health<\/strong>) yang prima selama musim dingin.
\n7. (Habit<\/strong>)nya bangun pagi membuat dia berumur panjang.
\n8. Berkat (skill<\/strong>)nya, penerbang itu berhasil mendaratkan pesawatnya dengan selamat di atas sungai.
\n9. Harga minyak dunia cukup stabil karena ada (balance<\/strong>) antara permintaan dan penawaran.
\n10. Tingkat (death<\/strong>) bayi di pedesaan sangat tinggi. <\/p>\n

Answer key <\/strong>
\n1. keberanian \t 6. kesehatan
\n2. kehormatan \t 7. kebiasaan
\n3. kesiapan \t 8. kemampuan
\n4. ketakutan \t 9. keseimbangan
\n5. ketidakamanan 10. kematian <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Form: Adjective: ke–adjective root word–an Circumfix \u201cke-…-an\u201d forms nouns from adjectives, verbs and other classes. In this posting, we will only focus on nouns made from adjectives. Adjectives can be transformed into abstract noun by applying circumfix \u201cke-…-an\u201d to them. So the nouns can be constructed only by the addition of the prefix \u201cke-\u201d and…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":118,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3408","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/118"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3408"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3417,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions\/3417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/indonesian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}