{"id":134,"date":"2010-02-17T23:19:31","date_gmt":"2010-02-18T03:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=130"},"modified":"2018-01-04T10:29:46","modified_gmt":"2018-01-04T10:29:46","slug":"daileog-eile-de-chlasail-choibhneasta-another-dose-of-relative-clauses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/daileog-eile-de-chlasail-choibhneasta-another-dose-of-relative-clauses\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e1ileog Eile de Chl\u00e1sail Choibhneasta (Another Dose of Relative Clauses)"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le\u00a0R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

So, back to an ghramadach<\/strong>, after some pleasant digressions about naoimh<\/strong>, f\u00e9ilte<\/strong>, \u00faitsigh<\/strong>, sc\u00e1thanna<\/strong>, and sneachta.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Let\u2019s quickly review the verb \u201cto be\u201d and its relative forms.\u00a0 Then we\u2019ll turn to another irregular verb, \u201cto see\u201d (the first of 9 more irregulars!): <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir l\u00e1ithreach: T\u00e1 an fear tinn.\u00a0 An bhfuil an fear tinn? <\/strong>(The man is ill.\u00a0 Is the man ill?). Sin \u00e9 an fear at\u00e1 tinn<\/strong> (That is the man who is ill).\u00a0 Sin \u00e9 an fear a bhfuil a mhac tinn<\/strong>. (That is the man whose son is ill).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aimsir chaite: Bh\u00ed an fear tinn.\u00a0 An raibh an fear tinn?\u00a0 <\/strong>(The man was ill.\u00a0 Was the man ill?).\u00a0 Sin \u00e9 an fear a bh\u00ed tinn<\/strong> (That is the man who was ill).\u00a0 Sin \u00e9 an fear a raibh a mhac tinn<\/strong> (That is the man whose son was ill).\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aimsir fh\u00e1istineach: Beidh an fear tinn.\u00a0 An mbeidh an fear tinn? <\/strong>(The man will be ill.\u00a0 Will the man be ill? \u00a0Sin \u00e9 an fear a bheidh tinn<\/strong> (That is the man who will be ill \u2013 our example of medical prognostication).\u00a0 Sin \u00e9 an fear a mbeidh a mhac tinn <\/strong>(That is the man whose son will be ill).\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

And now the verb \u201cto see\u201d in the present, past, and future tenses.\u00a0 You might recall its command form (feic<\/strong>) and the verbal noun form (feice\u00e1il<\/strong>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir l\u00e1ithreach:\u00a0 Feicim an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 An bhfeiceann t\u00fa an bh\u00f3?\u00a0 <\/strong>(I see the cow.\u00a0 Do you see the cow?).\u00a0 Note the eclipsis of \u201cfeiceann\u201d <\/strong>for the question form (\u201cf\u201d changes to \u201cbhf,\u201d pronounced as \u201cv\u201d)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

And now the relative forms, direct and then indirect.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a fheiceann an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 <\/strong>That is the man who sees the cow.\u00a0 (lenition)<\/span><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a bhfeiceann a mhac an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 <\/strong>That is the man whose son sees the cow. (eclipsis)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Some speakers also attach a final \u201cs\u201d to the verb to mark the relative clause (a fheiceanns: Sin \u00e9 an fear a fheiceanns a bh\u00f3, mar shampla).\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir chaite: Chonaic s\u00e9 an bh\u00f3. \u00a0\u00a0An bhfaca s\u00e9 an bh\u00f3?\u00a0 <\/strong>(He saw the cow.\u00a0 Did he see the cow?).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Relative forms:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a chonaic an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 <\/strong>That is the man who saw the cow.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a bhfaca a mhac an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 <\/strong>That is the man whose son saw the cow. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir fh\u00e1istineach:\u00a0 Feicfidh s\u00e9 an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 An bhfeicfidh s\u00e9 an bh\u00f3?\u00a0 <\/strong>(He will see the cow.\u00a0 Will he see the cow?).\u00a0 Actually I\u2019m always relieved when this verb turns up in the negative (n\u00ed fheicfidh <\/strong>[say: nee EK-hee]) or interrogative (an bhfeicfidh <\/strong>[un VEK-hee]), since it doesn\u2019t end up sounding so much like that feckin\u2019 word that so many feckin\u2019 books have used in their titles lately (just Google \u201cfeckin\u2019\u201d and you\u2019ll probably find the whole series).\u00a0 No relation to f*ck, or so we\u2019re constantly told!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

At any rate, ag saighdi\u00faireacht linn tr\u00ed <\/strong>\u201cfeck and thin,\u201d here are the relative forms, conveniently lenited and eclipsed, to avoid any embarrassment:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a fheicfidh an bh\u00f3.\u00a0 <\/strong>That is the man who will see the cow.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sin \u00e9 an fear a bhfeicfidh a mhac an bh\u00f3. \u00a0<\/strong>That is the man whose son will see the cow.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

There is also a special form of this verb in the future tense with an “\u2013s” ending instead of the “\u2013fidh,” but again, not all speakers use it.\u00a0 More on that later, if there\u2019s interest. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

So, I guess there\u2019s no danger that an bh\u00f3<\/strong> has gone ar strae —\u00a0<\/strong>it\u2019s been seen so many times!\u00a0 And here\u2019s hoping this hasn\u2019t lulled you all asleep, but as some of you have written in to say that mastering these clauses really is important.\u00a0\u00a0 They will help you reach a comfort zone (“s\u00f3c\u00falacht<\/strong>“) with Irish literature and advanced composition, in fact, anything other than the most basic type of sentences.\u00a0 And here\u2019s a fun sampler for starters.\u00a0 Can you spot the relative clauses, identify the author, and translate the sentence? I\u2019ve finished it off with a comhartha focalbh\u00e1<\/strong>, since the full sentence would be twice as long:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Is c\u00f3ir cu\u00ed go gcuirf\u00ed ar f\u00e1il don mhuintir a leanann sinn faisn\u00e9is \u00e9igin ar na dibheairseans<\/em> agus na haidbhintiurs<\/em> a bh\u00ed ann len\u00e1r linn mar nach mbeidh \u00e1r sampla\u00ed ar\u00eds ann \u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

An aithn\u00edonn t\u00fa an abairt? \u00a0Sl\u00e1n go foill<\/strong> –\u00a0R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(le\u00a0R\u00f3isl\u00edn) So, back to an ghramadach, after some pleasant digressions about naoimh, f\u00e9ilte, \u00faitsigh, sc\u00e1thanna, and sneachta. \u00a0 Let\u2019s quickly review the verb \u201cto be\u201d and its relative forms.\u00a0 Then we\u2019ll turn to another irregular verb, \u201cto see\u201d (the first of 9 more irregulars!): \u00a0 Aimsir l\u00e1ithreach: T\u00e1 an fear tinn.\u00a0 An bhfuil an fear…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-134","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-irish-language"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10005,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134\/revisions\/10005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}