{"id":198,"date":"2010-04-29T23:23:32","date_gmt":"2010-04-29T23:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=198"},"modified":"2010-05-07T16:30:30","modified_gmt":"2010-05-07T16:30:30","slug":"clasail-choibhneasta-aris-an-briathar-%e2%80%9cbeir%e2%80%9d-give-birth-bring-take-grab-etc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/clasail-choibhneasta-aris-an-briathar-%e2%80%9cbeir%e2%80%9d-give-birth-bring-take-grab-etc\/","title":{"rendered":"Cl\u00e1sail Choibhneasta Ar\u00eds: An Briathar \u201cBeir\u201d (Give birth, bring, take, grab, etc.)"},"content":{"rendered":"

After some recent digressions, ranging from the \u201csobhlasta<\/strong>\u201d (coin\u00edn\u00ed seacl\u00e1ide<\/strong>) to the \u201c\u00e9igeantach<\/strong>\u201d (Uncail Sam<\/strong>) or the \u201cdosheachanta\u201d<\/strong> (an bolc\u00e1n \/ an Mh\u00e1thair D\u00falra<\/strong>), let\u2019s return to na cl\u00e1sail choibhneasta le briathra neamhrialta<\/strong>.\u00a0 Today\u2019s blog will show the irregular verb \u201cbeir<\/strong>\u201d in the three tenses (l\u00e1ithreach, caite, f\u00e1istineach<\/strong>) and in a declarative sentence, a question, a direct relative clause and an indirect relative clause. \u00a0<\/p>\n

Remember that the verb \u201cbeir<\/strong>\u201d is one of the more irregular irregulars, changing root for the past tense in a major way and for the future tense in a minor way: beireann s\u00ed<\/strong> (she gives birth), rug s\u00ed<\/strong> (she gave birth), b\u00e9arfaidh si<\/strong> (she will give birth).\u00a0 Also, this verb has a huge range of meanings, especially when you start adding prepositions like \u201cle<\/strong>\u201d or \u201car<\/strong>.\u201d\u00a0 Our example will be very basic, \u201cthe cow calves \/ calved \/ will calve,\u201d a deliberately short sentence to focus attention to the structure.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

First, though, let\u2019s review the samples I\u2019ve written up previously, for the verb \u201cto say,\u201d in a similar range tenses (deir, d\u00fairt, d\u00e9arfaidh) and structures.\u00a0 The main subjects of these sentences are three types of fools: amad\u00e1n<\/strong> (male or general), \u00f3inseach<\/strong> (female), gamal<\/strong> (generally male, since there\u2019s a female equivalent, gamal\u00f3g<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

Aimsir l\u00e1ithreach: Deir an t-amad\u00e1n ruda\u00ed amaideacha<\/strong>.\u00a0 <\/strong>An ndeir t-amad\u00e1n ruda\u00ed amaideacha<\/strong>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative (normally lenites, but not here) <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an t-amad\u00e1n a deir ruda\u00ed amaideacha<\/strong>.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative (with eclipsis): <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an t-amad\u00e1n a ndeir a bhean ruda\u00ed amaideacha.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir chaite<\/strong>: <\/strong>D\u00fairt an \u00f3inseach ruda\u00ed amaideacha.\u00a0 An nd\u00fairt an \u00f3inseach ruda\u00ed amaideacha?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative (normally lenites, but not here): <\/strong>Seo \u00ed an \u00f3inseach a d\u00fairt ruda\u00ed amaideacha.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative (with eclipsis):<\/strong> Seo \u00ed an \u00f3inseach a nd\u00fairt a cara ruda\u00ed amaideacha<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir fh\u00e1istineach: <\/strong>D\u00e9arfaidh an gamal ruda\u00ed amaideacha.\u00a0 An nd\u00e9arfaidh an gamal ruda\u00ed amaideacha?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative (normally lenites): <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an gamal a d\u00e9arfaidh ruda\u00ed amaideacha.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative (with eclipsis):<\/strong> Seo \u00e9 an gamal a nd\u00e9arfaidh a mhac ruda\u00ed amaideacha.\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Now, here\u2019s \u201cbeir<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n

Aimsir l\u00e1ithreach:\u00a0 <\/strong>Beireann an bh\u00f3 gach re bliain <\/strong>(The cow calves every other year). <\/strong>An mbeireann an bh\u00f3 gach re bliain<\/strong>? (Does the cow calve every other year?)\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sentences with relative clauses: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00ed a bh\u00f3 a bheireann gach re bliain<\/strong>.\u00a0 This is the cow that calves every other year. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an feirmeoir a mbeireann a bh\u00f3 gach re bliain.<\/strong>\u00a0 This is the farmer whose cow calves every other year.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir chaite: <\/strong>Rug an bh\u00f3. <\/strong>(The cow calved). <\/strong>Ar rug<\/strong> <\/strong>an bh\u00f3<\/strong>? (Did the cow calve?)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00ed an bh\u00f3 a rug<\/strong>.\u00a0 This is the cow that calved.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an feirmeoir ar rug a bh\u00f3.<\/strong>\u00a0 This is the farmer whose cow calved.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aimsir fh\u00e1istineach: <\/strong>B\u00e9arfaidh an bh\u00f3 <\/strong>(The cow will calve).\u00a0 <\/strong>An mb\u00e9arfaidh an bh\u00f3<\/strong>? (Will the cow calve?)\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Direct relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00ed an bh\u00f3 a bh\u00e9arfaidh<\/strong>.\u00a0 This is the cow that will calve. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Indirect relative: <\/strong>Seo \u00e9 an feirmeoir a mb\u00e9arfaidh a bh\u00f3.<\/strong>\u00a0 This is the farmer \u00a0whose cow will calve.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Finally, although we\u2019ve stuck to the most basic meaning of \u201cbeir<\/strong>\u201d here, there are lots of other meanings.\u00a0 Here\u2019s just a short sample, not involving relative clauses:<\/p>\n

Rug siad ar an mbuachaill.<\/strong>\u00a0 They grabbed the boy (preposition \u201car<\/strong>\u201d)<\/p>\n

\u201cBeir leat chuig do mham\u00f3 \u00e9,\u201d arsa an mh\u00e1thair agus \u00ed ag tabhairt cise\u00e1n bia do Chl\u00f3ic\u00edn Dearg.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0\u201cTake it to your granny,\u201d said the mother as she gave a basket of food to Little Red Riding Hood.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Beir uaim th\u00fa<\/strong>.\u00a0 Take yourself away from me (more or less like \u201cscram\u201d or \u201cskedaddle,\u201d uses the preposition \u201c\u00f3<\/strong>,\u201d with its first-person form \u201cuaim<\/strong>\u201d).<\/p>\n

And finally, a quite common traditional saying:<\/p>\n

Go mbeirimid beo ar an am seo ar\u00eds<\/strong>.\u00a0 May we live to see this time next year.\u00a0 Like most blessings, this is in the subjunctive mood, as hinted at by the particle \u201cgo<\/strong>.\u201d\u00a0 Of course, Irish has four words spelled and pronounced \u201cgo<\/strong>\u201d [say: guh], ach sin \u00e1bhar blag eile<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u00f3ta\u00ed: dosheachanta<\/strong> [DUH-HAKH-un-tuh] inevitable; \u00e9igeantach<\/strong>, obligatory; sobhlasta<\/strong> [SUH-VLAHS-tuh], toothsome, lit. good-tasty;<\/p>\n

N\u00f3ta don n\u00f3ta (fuaimni\u00fa an tsiolla \u201cuh\u201d sna n\u00f3ta\u00ed):<\/strong> Just as a reminder, since I\u2019ve said this intermittently, I use \u201cuh\u201d to indicate the sound \u201cuh\u201d as in \u201cabout,\u201d \u201cfun,\u201d or even \u201cenough.\u201d\u00a0 These examples show that this sound is spelled various ways in English and there\u2019s no really good way to indicate this sound in a rough phonetic guide, as I\u2019m providing.\u00a0 I know \u201cuh\u201d could suggest a long \u201cu,\u201d pronunciation, as in \u201cHuhn\u201d or \u201cKuhn,\u201d but that\u2019s not what\u2019s involved here.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

After some recent digressions, ranging from the \u201csobhlasta\u201d (coin\u00edn\u00ed seacl\u00e1ide) to the \u201c\u00e9igeantach\u201d (Uncail Sam) or the \u201cdosheachanta\u201d (an bolc\u00e1n \/ an Mh\u00e1thair D\u00falra), let\u2019s return to na cl\u00e1sail choibhneasta le briathra neamhrialta.\u00a0 Today\u2019s blog will show the irregular verb \u201cbeir\u201d in the three tenses (l\u00e1ithreach, caite, f\u00e1istineach) and in a declarative sentence, a question…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8668,8669,4062,8632,8651,8649,8640,8642,8634,8645,8631,8637,8659,8647,8657,8665,8174,8639,8658,8667,8638,8646,5163,71,8663,8664,8633,8635,8666,8175,8643,8644,5877,8661,8641,8662,2376,8653,8652,2439,6628,8650,8636,152,155,8655,8654,8656,8648,8660,7244],"class_list":["post-198","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-aimsir-chaite","tag-aimsir-fhaistineach","tag-amadan","tag-an-briathar-beir","tag-bearfaidh-si","tag-beireann-si","tag-bolcan","tag-briathra-neamhrialta","tag-bring","tag-caite","tag-clasail-choibhneasta","tag-coinini-seaclaide","tag-dearfaidh","tag-declarative-sentence","tag-deir","tag-direct-relative","tag-direct-relative-clause","tag-dosheachanta","tag-duirt","tag-eclipsis","tag-eigeantach","tag-faistineach","tag-female","tag-future-tense","tag-gamal","tag-gamalog","tag-give-birth","tag-grab","tag-indirect-relative","tag-indirect-relative-clause","tag-irregular-verb-beir","tag-laithreach","tag-lenites","tag-male-or-general","tag-mathair-dulra","tag-oinseach","tag-past-tense","tag-preposition-ar","tag-preposition-le","tag-question","tag-root","tag-rug-si","tag-sobhlasta","tag-take","tag-tense","tag-the-cow-calved","tag-the-cow-calves","tag-the-cow-will-calve","tag-the-verb-beir","tag-three-types-of-fools","tag-uncail-sam"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":200,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions\/200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}