{"id":5054,"date":"2014-03-11T23:43:24","date_gmt":"2014-03-11T23:43:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=5054"},"modified":"2015-03-02T13:20:07","modified_gmt":"2015-03-02T13:20:07","slug":"when-to-say-padraig-when-to-say-phadraig-and-when-to-say-saxifraga-spathularis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/when-to-say-padraig-when-to-say-phadraig-and-when-to-say-saxifraga-spathularis\/","title":{"rendered":"When to Say ‘P\u00e1draig,’ When to Say ‘Ph\u00e1draig,’ and When to say ‘Saxifraga spathularis’"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Naomh<\/a>

Naomh P\u00e1draig (photo of stained-glass window by Andreas F. Borchett, Kilbannon, \u00a0http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Saxifraga_spathularis.jpg)<\/p><\/div>\n

With <\/span>L\u00e1 Fh\u00e9ile P\u00e1draig<\/b> just around the corner, let’s take a closer look at the name “<\/span>P\u00e1draig<\/b>” itself.\u00a0 It has two main forms, “<\/span>P\u00e1draig<\/b>” being the basic form, and “<\/span>Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>,” used in certain types of phrases.\u00a0 Less frequently, we may also encounter “<\/span>bP\u00e1draig<\/b>.”\u00a0 Of course, there are also nicknames, like <\/span>P\u00e1id\u00edn, P\u00e1id, Padhra<\/b>, Pat, Paudeen, and Paddy (but not ‘Patty’!).\u00a0 And there are also some variant spellings, like “<\/span>P\u00e1dhraig<\/b>,” “<\/span>P\u00e1dhraic<\/b>,” and “<\/span>P\u00e1draic<\/b>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Whether to say ‘P\u00e1draig<\/b>‘ or ‘Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>‘ depends on the phrase involved.\u00a0 Here are some sample sentences (translations below, so new learners get a bit of a work-out):<\/p>\n

P\u00e1draig<\/b>: the basic form:<\/p>\n

T\u00e1 P\u00e1draig anseo.\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

Cloisim P\u00e1draig ag caint. <\/b><\/p>\n

Is le P\u00e1draig \u00e9 seo.<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00e1 rothar ag P\u00e1draig.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>: And now some examples with the “Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>” form:<\/p>\n

“Dia dhuit, a Ph\u00e1draig!”<\/b><\/p>\n

Seo c\u00f3ta Ph\u00e1draig.<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00e1 caip\u00edn ar Ph\u00e1draig. <\/b><\/p>\n

Tabhair do Ph\u00e1draig \u00e9. <\/b><\/p>\n

bP\u00e1draig:<\/b> And now the occasional use of “bP\u00e1draig<\/b>,” most typically used in certain sentences that say what kind of person P\u00e1draig is\/was:<\/p>\n

Fear deas at\u00e1 i bP\u00e1draig. <\/b><\/p>\n

Naomh a bh\u00ed i bP\u00e1draig Naofa ach saighdi\u00fair agus iarla a bh\u00ed i bP\u00e1draig S\u00e1irs\u00e9al. <\/b><\/p>\n

I suppose one might have reason to say:<\/p>\n

T\u00e1 p\u00e9ist rib\u00edneach i bP\u00e1draig<\/b>.<\/p>\n

or<\/p>\n

T\u00e1 boiteog i bP\u00e1draig.<\/b><\/p>\n

In those last two cases, \u00e1fach<\/b>, I think one would be more likely to say, “T\u00e1 p\u00e9ist rib\u00edneach i bput\u00f3ga Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>,” or “T\u00e1 boiteog i gcraiceann Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>.”\u00a0 In either case, I’d add, “Feo<\/b>!”<\/p>\n

The first group has “P\u00e1draig<\/b>” as the subject, object, or object of certain prepositions. \u00a0The second group, showing lenition (s\u00e9imhi\u00fa<\/b>), includes direct address (Hello, Patrick!), possession (the coat of Patrick), and certain prepositional phrases (here, ‘on Patrick’ and ‘to Patrick’).\u00a0 The third group, with eclipsis (ur\u00fa<\/b>) means “in Patrick,” here used with the idiom where “i<\/b>” links two nouns (as in the pattern “Fear at\u00e1 i Sean Connery ach bean at\u00e1 i Sean Colvin<\/b>).\u00a0 I should add “an t-amhr\u00e1na\u00ed<\/b>,” in case there are any fir <\/b>reading this who are also named Sean Colvin.<\/p>\n

These same changes would apply with the nickname forms and alternate spellings as well: “Bean Ph\u00e1id\u00edn<\/b>,” teach Ph\u00e1id<\/b>, “Dia dhuit, a Ph\u00e1dhraig<\/b>,” “fear p\u00f3sta at\u00e1 i bP\u00e1id\u00edn”<\/b> (agus sin \u00e9 an f\u00e1th nach bhfuil an ban-aithriseoir san amhr\u00e1n”Bean Ph\u00e1id\u00edn” s\u00e1sta n\u00f3 leathsh\u00e1sta!).\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

And how about with the name “St. Patrick”? \u00a0Well, for starters, in the phrase “<\/span>L\u00e1 Fh\u00e9ile P\u00e1draig<\/b>,” his name is generally left as is, not lenited (to “<\/span>Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>“, which would normally be used for “Patrick’s”).\u00a0 I’ve always been told that this is a sign of special respect.\u00a0 If we were talking about an ordinary boy named Patrick, we’d say “<\/span>breithl\u00e1 Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>” (no\u201d<\/span>f\u00e9ile<\/b>” possible since our hypothetical ordinary Patrick isn’t a saint).\u00a0 Other usages of “<\/span>P\u00e1draig”<\/b> the saint, though, often do show lenition (<\/span>s\u00e9imhi\u00fa<\/b>), as in “<\/span>Cruach Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>” (Croagh Patrick) and “<\/span>Purgad\u00f3ir Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>” (St. Patrick’s Purgatory). \u00a0But there are exceptions, such as the various schools named “<\/span>Scoil P\u00e1draig Naofa.<\/b>”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cab\u00e1iste<\/a>

Cab\u00e1iste an Mhadra Rua aka St. Patrick’s Cabbage, Fox Cabbage, and London Pride (nasc ag deireadh an ailt)<\/p><\/div>\n

As for “<\/span>Saxifraga spathularis<\/i>,” it’s the Latin name for a plant called ‘St. Patrick’s Cabbage.”\u00a0 But lo, and behold, the Irish name for this plant isn’t based on the name ‘Patrick’ at all.\u00a0 It’s “<\/span>cab\u00e1iste an mhadra rua<\/b>.”\u00a0 And lo (<\/span>faoi dh\u00f3<\/b>) agus<\/strong> behold (<\/span>faoi dh\u00f3<\/b>), this plant has (at least) two other names in English, “London Pride” and “fox cabbage.”\u00a0 The latter is not surprising, since “<\/span>madra rua<\/b>” means “fox,” or more literally “coppery red-furred dog” (that “coppery” bit is so you don’t think we’re talking “Clifford red”).\u00a0 A literal translation as “red dog” could lead us merrily up a garden path where we might end up among the dog roses, dog fennel, dog bane, or dogwoods. So we’ll stop with “fox cabbage,” and with me brushing up on my Noel Coward and Mary Elizabeth Braddon. \u00a0Erm, why Noel Coward?\u00a0 1941 — “London Pride” is a flower that’s free.”\u00a0 Why Mary Elizabeth Braddon?\u00a0 Her 1896 novel, <\/span>London Pride<\/i>.\u00a0 And why don’t we have a song or novel called “Fox Cabbage.”\u00a0 Maybe that title just doesn’t have that special panache!<\/span><\/p>\n

And actually, these plant names, as with other plant name in other blogs in this series, create a complex web of species, sub-species, and vernacular terms, but I’ll simply accept that “London Pride” is another name for “St. Patrick’s Cabbage,” at least for present purposes.\u00a0 I wonder if it’s edible, but the accounts I’ve found of it online give no indication of edibility.<\/p>\n

Speaking of edibility, and always harboring in the back of my mind a recollection of Leopold Bloom’s breakfast in Joyce’s Ulysses<\/i>, I was struck by the name of another member of the Saxifraga genus, the “Kidney Saxifrage,” with “Saxifraga hirsuta<\/em>” as its Latin moniker (“hirsuta<\/em>” – hairy, wow!).\u00a0 Hmm, curiouser and curiouser but no evidence that “Kidney Saxifrage” is edible either.\u00a0 All the more “curiouser” when one considers that “saxifrage” itself means “rock-breaker.”\u00a0 Useful for kidney stones, I wonder?\u00a0 Actually I doubt it.\u00a0 I believe the plant grows a lot on stone walls and finds cracks and crevices in which to root, ultimately, perhaps, compromising the stone walls’ durability.\u00a0 In Irish, this one is “m\u00f3r\u00e1n giobach<\/b>,” lit. “shaggy saxifrage,” with no reference to kidneys.\u00a0 Most types of saxifrage are referred to in Irish as “m\u00f3r\u00e1n<\/b>,” which appears to have no relationship to the more well known word “m\u00f3r\u00e1n<\/b>” meaning “much” or “many.”<\/p>\n

A little online research tells me that Pliny the Elder believed that Kidney Saxifrage could cure gallstones (why not kidney stones?).\u00a0 So I guess I’m jumping into the saxifrage applications game about 2000 years after the fact, but, bhuel, “Is fearr d\u00e9anach n\u00e1 riamh.”<\/b>\u00a0 And even if we can’t consume “St. Patrick’s Cabbage,” with the “mairteoil shaillte<\/b>,” at least in the US, it adds a new dimension to St. Patrick-related vocabulary.\u00a0 Bain sult as an bhf\u00e9ile – R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/b><\/p>\n

Aistri\u00fach\u00e1n: <\/b><\/p>\n

a) P\u00e1draig: T\u00e1 P\u00e1draig anseo<\/b>. Patrick is here; Cloisim P\u00e1draig ag caint<\/b>. I hear Patrick speaking; Is le P\u00e1draig \u00e9 seo<\/b>; This is Patrick’s; T\u00e1 rothar ag P\u00e1draig<\/b>. Patrick has a bicycle.<\/p>\n

b) Ph\u00e1draig: “Dia dhuit, a Ph\u00e1draig!”<\/b>, “Hello, Patrick!”; Seo c\u00f3ta Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>.\u00a0 This is Patrick’s coat; T\u00e1 caip\u00edn ar Ph\u00e1draig<\/b>. Patrick is wearing a cap, lit. there is a cap on Patrick; Tabhair do Ph\u00e1draig \u00e9<\/b>. Give it to Patrick.<\/p>\n

c) bP\u00e1draig: Fear deas at\u00e1 i bP\u00e1draig<\/b>.\u00a0 Patrick is a nice man; Naomh a bh\u00ed i bP\u00e1draig Naofa ach saighdi\u00fair agus iarla a bh\u00ed i bP\u00e1draig S\u00e1irs\u00e9al<\/b>. \u00a0Holy (Saint) Patrick was a saint but Patrick Sarsfield was a soldier and an earl; T\u00e1 p\u00e9ist rib\u00edneach i bP\u00e1draig<\/b>.\u00a0 There is a tape-worm in Patrick; T\u00e1 boiteog i bP\u00e1draig<\/b>. There is a bot-fly in Patrick.\u00a0 Like I said above, “Feo!<\/b>” (Ugh!)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) With L\u00e1 Fh\u00e9ile P\u00e1draig just around the corner, let’s take a closer look at the name “P\u00e1draig” itself.\u00a0 It has two main forms, “P\u00e1draig” being the basic form, and “Ph\u00e1draig,” used in certain types of phrases.\u00a0 Less frequently, we may also encounter “bP\u00e1draig.”\u00a0 Of course, there are also nicknames, like P\u00e1id\u00edn, P\u00e1id, Padhra…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":5060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[96397,315787,315786,315768,315751,4301,315766,315810,315758,315808,309692,315770,315773,309691,315783,315782,315806,303151,315775,315774,273425,172902,315752,8667,315788,315769,5159,315760,32971,229867,309689,315803,315795,315761,315753,315755,315764,315804,315790,315793,315798,5808,99,315772,5878,315789,309690,229868,315805,315801,315785,6139,315799,6160,274846,6219,13335,315784,315747,6303,309616,315744,315749,315748,315750,6385,307184,315756,315743,315742,315745,309688,309615,315746,315757,6438,315802,315762,315776,315759,315797,315754,6663,315739,315771,315792,315794,315780,315796,2684,315779,315765,6736,6741,6758,315800,2534,315781,315777,6995,315807,315767,315763,315809,315791],"class_list":["post-5054","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-uru","tag-315787","tag-315786","tag-a-phadhraig","tag-ar-phadraig","tag-bean","tag-bean-phaidin","tag-better-late-than-never","tag-boiteog","tag-bot-fly","tag-bpadraig","tag-bpaidin","tag-breithla","tag-cabaiste-an-mhadra-rua","tag-clifford-red","tag-coppery-red","tag-corned-beef","tag-craiceann","tag-croagh-patrick","tag-cruach-phadraig","tag-dia-dhuit","tag-direct-address","tag-do-phadraig","tag-eclipsis","tag-edibility","tag-fear-posta","tag-feile","tag-feo","tag-fir","tag-fox","tag-fox-cabbage","tag-gallstone","tag-hairy","tag-hello-patrick","tag-i-bpadraig","tag-iarla","tag-in-patrick","tag-is-fearr-deanach-na-riamh","tag-joyce","tag-kidney-saxifrage","tag-kidney-stone","tag-la-fheile-padraig","tag-latin","tag-leathshasta","tag-lenition","tag-leopold-bloom","tag-london-pride","tag-madra-rua","tag-mairteoil-shaillte","tag-many","tag-mary-elizabeth-braddon","tag-moran","tag-moran-giobach","tag-much","tag-naofa","tag-naomh","tag-nickname","tag-noel-coward","tag-not-patty","tag-novel","tag-paddy","tag-padhra","tag-padhraic","tag-padhraig","tag-padraic","tag-padraig","tag-padraig-naofa","tag-padraig-sairseal","tag-paid","tag-paidin","tag-pat","tag-patricks-cabbage","tag-patty","tag-paudeen","tag-peist-ribineach","tag-phadraig","tag-pliny-the-elder","tag-possession-of-patrick","tag-purgadoir-phadraig","tag-putoga","tag-rock-breaker","tag-saighdiuir","tag-saint","tag-saint-patrick","tag-sasta","tag-saxifraga","tag-saxifraga-hirsuta","tag-saxifraga-spathularis","tag-saxifrage","tag-school","tag-scoil-padraig-naofa","tag-sean-colvin","tag-sean-connery","tag-seanfhocal","tag-seimhiu","tag-shaggy","tag-song","tag-st-patricks-cabbage","tag-st-patricks-purgatory","tag-t-amhranai","tag-tape-worm","tag-teach-phaid","tag-to-patrick","tag-ugh","tag-ulysses"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5054"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6412,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5054\/revisions\/6412"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}