{"id":5388,"date":"2014-06-25T19:31:53","date_gmt":"2014-06-25T19:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=5388"},"modified":"2014-06-26T23:01:54","modified_gmt":"2014-06-26T23:01:54","slug":"an-bhrasail-tir-aiochta-chorn-an-domhain-2014-fifa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/an-bhrasail-tir-aiochta-chorn-an-domhain-2014-fifa\/","title":{"rendered":"An Bhrasa\u00edl: T\u00edr A\u00edochta Chorn an Domhain, 2014 (FIFA)"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"An<\/a>

An Bhrasa\u00edl<\/p><\/div>\n

Hmm, just looking at those seven words of the title is probably enough to fill a blog.\u00a0 We’ve got the name of the country (Brazil), the term for “host country,” and the phrase “Corn an Domhain<\/strong>” (World Cup) with a slight adjustment (“Corn<\/strong>” becomes “Chorn<\/strong>“) since we’re now saying, literally, ” country (of) hosting (of the) cup (of) the world.”<\/p>\n

So, let’s start out with the country name:<\/p>\n

An Bhrasa\u00edl<\/strong> [un VRASS-eel], Brazil, lit. “the” Brazil<\/p>\n

na Brasa\u00edle<\/strong> [nuh BRASS-eel-yuh], of (the) Brazil, muintir na Brasa\u00edle<\/strong>, the people of Brazil<\/p>\n

As for the adjective, it’s “Brasa\u00edleach<\/strong>,” as in (aistri\u00fach\u00e1in th\u00edos<\/strong>):<\/p>\n

cn\u00f3 Brasa\u00edleach<\/strong><\/p>\n

mahagaine Brasa\u00edleach<\/strong><\/p>\n

taipir Bhrasa\u00edleach<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Brasa\u00edleach<\/strong>” is also the nationality, as in “Is Brasa\u00edleach \u00e9 Edson Arantes do Nascimento<\/strong>.”\u00a0 C\u00e9 h\u00e9 Edson Arantes do Nascimento?\u00a0 Freagra th\u00edos!<\/strong><\/p>\n

In zoology, many species found in Brazil are specifically “Amazonian” as in this charmer:<\/p>\n

nathair ubhiteach Amas\u00f3nach (aistri\u00fach\u00e1n th\u00edos) <\/strong><\/p>\n

The Amazon River is “An Amas\u00f3in<\/strong>,” grammatically feminine, like most rivers. \u00a0\u00a0“Amazon” as a woman warrior is either “Amas\u00f3n<\/strong>” or “Amas\u00f3in<\/strong>,” also grammatically feminine and giving us the forms: an Amas\u00f3n<\/strong> or an Amas\u00f3in, na hAmas\u00f3ine (bogha na hAmas\u00f3ine), na hAmas\u00f3in\u00ed<\/strong>, and na nAmas\u00f3in\u00ed (boghanna na nAmas\u00f3in\u00ed)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Most European countries have an Irish-language version of their capital city (P\u00e1ras, Maidrid, Beirl\u00edn, An R\u00f3imh, srl.<\/strong>), but looking at an Irish map of the world, I see nothing in Irish for Brazil in terms of city names or geographical features other than the river, An Amas\u00f3in<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Of the major cities in Brazil, it seems they all retain their native Portuguese names, and, by sheer coincidence, most of these would not even raise the issue of ur\u00fa<\/strong> (eclipsis) which would be involved in saying something like “I live in S\u00e3o Paulo.”\u00a0 Place names that begin with S, R or M, like the majority of those shown here, cannot be eclipsed.<\/p>\n

S\u00e3o Paulo, T\u00e1 m\u00e9 i mo ch\u00f3na\u00ed i S\u00e3o Paulo<\/strong>.\u00a0 Wikipedia does offer up a translation of this city name as “San Ph\u00f3l<\/strong>,” as of March 27, 2014, but doesn’t actually use the Irish version as the city name, just as an explanation of what it means.<\/p>\n

Rio de Janeiro.\u00a0 Cialla\u00edonn s\u00e9 “Abhainn Ean\u00e1ir” mar th\u00e1inig na Portaing\u00e9aligh ar an \u00e1it ar 1 Ean\u00e1ir 1502<\/strong><\/p>\n

Salvador.\u00a0 Cialla\u00edonn s\u00e9 “Sl\u00e1naitheoir.”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recife.\u00a0 \u00d3n bhfocal <\/strong>‘recife’ <\/em>(“sceir” i dt\u00edreola\u00edocht, ach cf. “r\u00edf” i seolt\u00f3ireacht, mar fhocal iasachta)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Brasilia.\u00a0 A new city, constructed primarily in the 1950s.\u00a0 A search online gave me one example of this place name in an Irish sentence with eclipsis: Beidh an ch\u00e9ad bhabhta caibidl\u00edochta eile ar si\u00fal i mBrasilia ag deireadh m\u00ed na Samhna agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 r\u00e1ite ag an gCoimisin\u00e9ir go bhfuil s\u00e9 i gceist aige beart tr\u00e1d\u00e1la a bhaint amach roimh deireadh samhradh na bliana seo chugainn.<\/strong> (ww.liamaylward.com\/readnews.php?LID=1&Cat=News&id=295).\u00a0 So, presumably one would say, T\u00e1 m\u00e9 ag obair i mBras\u00edlia.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Manaus.\u00a0 The letter “m” isn’t subject to ur\u00fa<\/strong>, so no change to say, “T\u00e1 m\u00e9 i mo ch\u00f3na\u00ed i Manaus<\/strong>.”<\/p>\n

Fortaleza.\u00a0 I find no examples of this place name in an Irish sentence that would take ur\u00fa<\/strong> or s\u00e9imhi\u00fa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

So that’s Brazil, in Irish, in a nutshell.\u00a0 Blaosc cn\u00f3 Brasa\u00edleach<\/strong> (a “Brazilian nut-shell”), of course!<\/p>\n

The next major chunk of our phrase is “T\u00edr A\u00edochta<\/strong>,” [tcheerzh<\/sup> EE-ukh-tuh], meaning “host country,” or literally, “country of hosting.”<\/p>\n

“T\u00edr<\/strong>” is probably already familiar, from names like “T\u00edr na n\u00d3g<\/strong>” or “An \u00cdsilt\u00edr<\/strong>,” so let’s focus on “a\u00edocht<\/strong>.”\u00a0 “A\u00edocht<\/strong>” is based on the word “aoi<\/strong>” (a guest), and is related to “teach a\u00edochta<\/strong>” (a guest-house” and “a\u00edochtach<\/strong>” (hospitable).<\/p>\n

Note the tricky spelling change with the word “aoi<\/strong>.”\u00a0 In the singular, it’s a-o-i<\/strong> [ee].\u00a0 The plural is “a\u00edonna<\/strong>,” starting with a-\u00ed-o<\/strong>.\u00a0 Here, the “o” is really part of the plural ending, and the original “o” (of the a-o<\/strong>-i sequence, has disappeared.\u00a0 The various other words based on “aoi<\/strong>” also do the same thing, becoming “a\u00ed<\/strong> …”. \u00a0In “a\u00edocht<\/strong>” and related words, the “o” is again part of the ending, not part of the original “aoi.<\/strong>”\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 It all goes back to the older spelling of “aoi<\/strong>” as “aoighe<\/strong>,” which then picked up a standard plural ending as “aoigheanna<\/strong>,” pronounced the same as “a\u00edonn<\/strong>a.”\u00a0\u00a0 So you can see that Irish today doesn’t have quite so many silent consonants today as it did before the spelling reform!<\/p>\n

If “aoi<\/strong>” basically means “guest,” then what is the word for “host,” as such, and why don’t we use it here?\u00a0 Well, these days we see “\u00f3stach<\/strong>” (host) a lot, and presumably we could say “\u00f3stach Chorn an Domhain,<\/strong>” but “t\u00edr a\u00edochta<\/strong>” seems to be more the set phrase for “host country.”<\/p>\n

There are, of course, some completely different meanings to the word “host,” and these have completely separate Irish words:<\/p>\n

abhlann<\/strong>, wafer, host, altar-bread (an Abhlann Choisricthe<\/strong>, the Consecrated Host)<\/p>\n

slua<\/strong>, host or horde, as in “an slua s\u00ed<\/strong>,” the fairy host; the word “slua<\/strong>” gives us two English words:<\/p>\n

slew,<\/em> as in “a whole slew of football fans”<\/p>\n

slogan<\/em>, from “sluagh-ghairm<\/strong>” (host-call, war-cry).\u00a0 “Sluagh-ghairm<\/strong>” was sometimes also anglicized as “slughorn,” in case you ever wondered where J. K. Rowling got that professor’s name.<\/p>\n

The last aspect of language usage in this blog’s title is the lenition (s\u00e9imhi\u00fa<\/strong>) in the phrase “Chorn an Domhain<\/strong>.”\u00a0 The basic phrase, as we’ve already seen, “Corn an Domhain<\/strong>” (World Cup).\u00a0 The lenition follows the pattern as exemplified in M\u00edche\u00e1l \u00d3 Siadhail’s Learning Irish<\/em> (Chapter 25), “geata theach an bh\u00faist\u00e9ara<\/strong>,” which means “(the) gate (of the) house (of) the butcher.”\u00a0 The word “teach<\/strong>” (house) doesn’t go into the genitive (that would be “t\u00ed<\/strong>” as in “bean an t\u00ed<\/strong>” or “obair t\u00ed<\/strong>“), but it does get lenited to mark the possessive construction.<\/p>\n

So that’s a little background on this year’s t\u00edr a\u00edochta, An Bhrasa\u00edl<\/strong>.\u00a0 Maybe in a future blog we can look into the linguistic background of one of Brazil’s former major exports, mahogany.\u00a0 Why mahogany?\u00a0 To explain the phrase “mahogany gaspipe.”\u00a0 Why explain a seemingly random phrase like “mahogany gaspipe”? \u00a0Well, it’s not random.\u00a0 It’s a reasonably important term for understanding the perceived sound of the Irish language to some non-speakers.\u00a0 At least according to … (freagra sa ch\u00e9ad bhlag eile!)<\/strong>. \u00a0\u00a0So how does that work?\u00a0 Stay tuned!\u00a0 SGF – R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aistri\u00fach\u00e1in: \u00a0cn\u00f3 Brasa\u00edleach,<\/strong> Brazil nut, lit. Brazilian nut; mahagaine Brasa\u00edleach,<\/strong> Brazilian mahogany; taipir Bhrasa\u00edleach<\/strong>, Brazilian tapir<\/p>\n

Freagra:<\/strong> Edson Arantes do Nascimento.\u00a0 Sin<\/strong> “Pel\u00e9.” \u00a0The origin of the nickname “Pel\u00e9” isn’t certain.\u00a0 There is a theory that it’s from the Irish word “peile<\/strong>,” as in “ag imirt peile<\/strong>,” based in the observations of an Irish priest working in Minas Gerais, where Pel\u00e9 grew up.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Coincidence?\u00a0 Food for thought, anyway.\u00a0 And why the diacritical mark?<\/p>\n

Aistri\u00fach\u00e1n eile: \u00a0nathair ubhiteach Amas\u00f3nach<\/strong>, Amazon egg-eater snake<\/p>\n

Nasc don mhapa<\/strong>: http:\/\/openclipart.org\/detail\/125335\/map-of-brazil-v3-by-j_alves<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) Hmm, just looking at those seven words of the title is probably enough to fill a blog.\u00a0 We’ve got the name of the country (Brazil), the term for “host country,” and the phrase “Corn an Domhain” (World Cup) with a slight adjustment (“Corn” becomes “Chorn“) since we’re now saying, literally, ” country (of)…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":5390,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[1860,332028,332027,1949,11912,332030,332026,2378,332010],"class_list":["post-5388","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-1860","tag-bhrasail","tag-brasaileach","tag-brazil","tag-fifa","tag-host-country","tag-peile","tag-pele","tag-sacar"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5388"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5397,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388\/revisions\/5397"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}