{"id":5448,"date":"2014-07-06T20:17:36","date_gmt":"2014-07-06T20:17:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=5448"},"modified":"2016-07-03T19:08:46","modified_gmt":"2016-07-03T19:08:46","slug":"amhran-naisiunta-na-stat-aontaithe-all-four-verses-of-the-star-spangled-banner-in-irish-with-a-glossary-literal-translation-and-pronunciation-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/amhran-naisiunta-na-stat-aontaithe-all-four-verses-of-the-star-spangled-banner-in-irish-with-a-glossary-literal-translation-and-pronunciation-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Amhr\u00e1n N\u00e1isi\u00fanta na St\u00e1t Aontaithe: All Four Verses of “The Star-Spangled Banner” in Irish with a glossary, literal translation, and pronunciation guide"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Francis<\/a>

Francis Scott Key autographed manuscript of \u201cThe Star Spangled Banner,\u201d 1840. Manuscript Division. Library of Congress. http:\/\/blogs.loc.gov\/loc\/2012\/10\/first-drafts-the-star-spangled-banner\/ [cropped to first stanza only]<\/em><\/p><\/div>I wonder how many Americans have actually sung all four verses of “The Star-Spangled Banner” in English, let alone in Irish.\u00a0 Well, here’s your opportunity!\u00a0 And if it’s not your own “amhr\u00e1n n\u00e1isi\u00fanta<\/strong>,” it’s certainly an interesting song vocabulary-wise and history-wise.\u00a0 In fact, I find all “amhr\u00e1in n\u00e1isi\u00fanta<\/strong>” to be fascinating (and have two anthologies of them, from all over the world).<\/p>\n

This blog contains all four verses, as translated by an tAthair \u00d3 Gramhnaigh<\/strong> in 1898, with my own line-by-line literal translation and pronunciation guide, and a glossary for each stanza.\u00a0 \u00a0They were previously posted in this blog as four separate entries in 2012 (naisc th\u00edos<\/strong>). \u00a0The original English, as written by Francis Scott Key, follows each section, in italics.<\/p>\n

As for reaching “an n\u00f3ta is airde<\/strong>,” you’re on your own, but I’ve heard that “uisce beatha<\/strong>” may help!\u00a0 Cad \u00e9 an n\u00f3ta is airde san amhr\u00e1n seo?\u00a0 M\u00e1 cheolann t\u00fa i ngl\u00e9as B-maol \u00e9, is \u00e9 an “f” ard at\u00e1 i gceist.\u00a0 Ochtach go leith!\u00a0 Ceart go leor m\u00e1s <\/strong>Yma Sumac th\u00fa ach n\u00ed<\/strong> Yma Sumac mise maidir le raon gutha n\u00e1 baol air.\u00a0 Raon deich n\u00f3ta at\u00e1 agam, b’fh\u00e9idir.\u00a0 Tusa?\u00a0 Duine ar bith agaibh a bhfuil raon ceithre ochtach aige\/aici?\u00a0 N\u00f3 dh\u00e1 ochtach?\u00a0 N\u00f3 ochtach go leith, fi\u00fa (gan scr\u00e9ach ar an bhfocal<\/strong> “freeee” i mB\u00e9arla n\u00f3 [gcr\u00f3]gach” i nGaeilge)?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Please note the following about the pronunciation guide: I’ve made one concession here, compared to my usual rough guides to the sounds of Irish, since some people may want to plunge right into singing the song, not laboring over pronunciation.\u00a0 For the broad “dh” sound (as in “dhuit<\/strong>“), best represented by the IPA symbol\u00a0 \/\u0263\/, I’ve simply used “h.”\u00a0 Experienced Irish speakers will know that this is really a guttural (throaty) sound not found in English but it’s better to lean toward softening the sound further than to ending up with too much of a “d” sound.\u00a0 The consonant cluster “dh” has no “d” sound to it whatsoever.\u00a0 For details on this sound, see the n\u00f3ta th\u00edos<\/strong>, marked by a r\u00e9ilt\u00edn<\/strong> (*), and there are some links to other blogs discussing this sound at the end of this entry.<\/p>\n

The VERY literal translation is not<\/em> meant to be singable; it’s very much word for word.\u00a0 The regular English text is also given. A further note here for singers (as opposed to foghraithe, teangeolaithe, sint\u00e9iseoir\u00ed cainte agus a leith\u00e9id<\/strong>): this pronunciation guide is really designed for singing, not for individual analysis of focail<\/strong> or siolla\u00ed<\/strong>.\u00a0 In most cases, in fact, I’ve transcribed the sounds as I would also speak them (not trying to fit a meter), since it seems to work.\u00a0 Occasionally, though, I’ve made the words flow together even more than may be typical in speech, as for example in: ‘S t\u00e1 an bhratach gheal-r\u00e9altach<\/strong> [stawn VRAH-tukh YAL-RAYL-tukh].\u00a0 Here, I’ve collapsed the first three words (‘s t\u00e1 an<\/strong>) into one sound (“stawn”), since it’s more singable that way (IMThF, ar a laghad<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

Conversely, I stretched out the pronunciation in the following: Os cionn th\u00edr na gcr\u00f3gach is talamh na saor? \u00a0<\/strong>“is<\/strong>” as [ih-iss].\u00a0 Normally, “is<\/strong>” is just like the “iss” of “hiss” or “miss.” \u00a0The “stretched-out” sound is like “us kyun HEE-IRzh<\/sup> nuh groh-GUKH ih-iss TAL-uv nuh seer.”\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

And in v\u00e9arsa 4:\u00a0<\/strong>d’Athair Bua is S\u00edth’<\/strong> [do-uh AH-hirzh<\/sup> BOO-uss shee] with a stretched-out “d’Athair Bua” <\/strong>as [do-uh AH-hirzh<\/sup>] and collapsed “Bua is<\/strong>” as [BOO-uss], not as the standard [BOO-uh iss], which doesn’t seem to “sing” as well.<\/p>\n

Mini-Guide to the Transcription System:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) “rzh<\/sup>” like the “r” in English “tree” combined with the “zh” sound of French \u00a0“Jacques<\/em>”<\/p>\n

b) “le” like “let,” not like French “le<\/em>”<\/p>\n

c) “kh” like German “Buch<\/em>,” Welsh “bach<\/em>,” Scottish “Loch”<\/p>\n

d) “uh” like the “u” in “putt” or “nut,” not like “put”\u00a0 or German “Huhn<\/em>”<\/p>\n

e) “oo” like English “fool” or “cool” f) “hy<\/sup>” like English “human,” “hew,” or “hue,” not like “hydrogen” or Welsh “hylo<\/em>”<\/p>\n

An Bhratach Gheal-R\u00e9altach \/<\/strong> The Star-Spangled Banner, with literal translation of the Irish<\/p>\n

1) \u00d3 abair, an l\u00e9ir dhuit, le f\u00e1inne an lae,<\/strong> [oh AH-birzh<\/sup> un layrzh<\/sup> hitch le FAWN-yuh un lay], Oh say, is it clear to you (can you clearly see), with the ring of the day \u00a0<\/strong><\/div>\n

2)\u00a0 An bhratach ‘bh\u00ed ‘n-airde le titim na ho\u00edche?<\/strong> [un VRAH-tukh veen AHR-djuh le TIH-chim nuh HEE-hy<\/sup>uh?] The flag that was up with the falling of night? \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

3) Tr\u00edd an chath ‘bh\u00ed na riabha ‘s na r\u00e9alta\u00ed geal-ghl\u00e9,<\/strong> [treedj un khah vee nuh REE-uh-vuh snuh RAYL-tee gyal-ly<\/sup>ay], Through the battle, the stripes, and the stars were bright-clear, \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

4) Ag luascadh go huasal ‘s ag m\u00edni\u00fa \u00e1r gcro\u00edthe;<\/strong> [egg LOO-us-kuh guh HOO-us-ul segg MEEN-yoo awr GREE-huh] Swinging nobly and comforting our hearts \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

5) Is ar n-imeacht don l\u00f3, n\u00edor gh\u00e9ill s\u00ed go deo,<\/strong> [iss err NIM-ukht dun loh nee-or yayl shee guh djoh] And at going to the day [as the day ended], it never yielded, \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

6) Ach a caorthinte ag pl\u00e9ascadh sna sp\u00e9artha le gleo!<\/strong> [ahkh-uh KEER-HIN-tchuh egg PLAY-skuh snuh SPAYR-huh le gly<\/sup>oh!] But its fireballs exploding in the skies with clamor! \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

7) \u00d3 abair ‘bhfuil an bhratach gheal-r\u00e9altach go s\u00edor<\/strong> [oh AH-birzh<\/sup> wil un VRAH-tukh YAL-RAY-UL-tuh-ukh guh-uh shee-ur] Oh, say, is the brightly-starred flag still [waving \/ flying]]\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

8) Os cionn th\u00edr na gcr\u00f3gach is talamh na saor?<\/strong> [us kyun HEE-IRzh<\/sup> nuh groh-GUKH ih-iss TAL-uv nuh seer], Above the country of the brave and the land of the free? \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(O say can you see, by the dawn’s early light<\/em> What so proudly we hail’d at the twilight’s last gleaming?<\/em> Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight,<\/em> O’er the ramparts we watch’d were so gallantly streaming<\/em> And the rocket’s red glare, the bombs bursting in air, <\/em> Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there,<\/em> Oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave<\/em> O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?)<\/em><\/p>\n

Gluais do v\u00e9arsa 1<\/strong>.\u00a0 This is a bit condensed from the original glossary in the 2012 post; more definitions can be found there, nasc th\u00edos<\/strong>):<\/p>\n

An l\u00e9ir?<\/strong>, is (it) clear?,<\/p>\n

\u00e1r<\/strong>, our; ar n-imeacht<\/strong>, on (upon) going ,<\/p>\n

bratach<\/strong>, flag; an bhratach<\/strong>, the flag,<\/p>\n

cath,<\/strong>\u00a0battle; tr\u00edd an chath<\/strong>, through the battle, cr\u00f3gach<\/strong>, brave (person); na gcr\u00f3gach<\/strong>, of the brave (people); cro\u00ed; cro\u00edthe<\/strong>, heart, hearts,<\/p>\n

dhuit<\/strong>, to you,<\/p>\n

f\u00e1inne<\/strong>, ring; \u00a0f\u00e1inne an lae<\/strong>, dawn,<\/p>\n

geal-ghl\u00e9<\/strong>, bright-clear; \u00a0geal-r\u00e9altach<\/strong>, “star-spangled,” lit. bright-starry; literally, “spangled” is “spaglainneach<\/strong>;” \u00a0g\u00e9ill, n\u00edor gh\u00e9ill<\/strong>, yield, didn’t yield; \u00a0gleo<\/strong>, clamor, tumult; \u00a0go deo<\/strong>, ever, never (if the verb is negative); go s\u00edor<\/strong>, for ever,<\/p>\n

in airde<\/strong>, in a high place,<\/p>\n

l\u00e1<\/strong>, day; don l\u00f3<\/strong>, to\/for the day; an lae<\/strong>, of the day; \u00a0l\u00e9ir<\/strong>, clear; \u00a0luascadh<\/strong>, swinging<\/p>\n

m\u00edni\u00fa<\/strong>, to explain, to comfort<\/p>\n

o\u00edche<\/strong>; night; na ho\u00edche<\/strong>, of the night; os cionn<\/strong>, above, over<\/p>\n

pl\u00e9ascadh<\/strong>, exploding<\/p>\n

r\u00e9alta\u00ed<\/strong>, stars; \u00a0riabha<\/strong>, stripes<\/p>\n

‘s = is = agus<\/strong> , and<\/p>\n

saor<\/strong>, free (person); na saor<\/strong>, of the free (people); \u00a0sp\u00e9ir, sp\u00e9artha<\/strong>, sky, skies<\/p>\n

talamh<\/strong>, land; \u00a0t\u00edr<\/strong>, country; \u00a0titim<\/strong>, falling; \u00a0tr\u00edd<\/strong>, through<\/p>\n

uasal<\/strong>, noble; go huasal<\/strong>, \u00a0nobly<\/p>\n

An Bhratach Gheal-R\u00e9altach, V\u00e9arsa 2<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1) <\/strong>Ar an tr\u00e1 thall, go doil\u00e9ir <\/strong>i l\u00e1r cheonna na dtonn,<\/strong> [err un traw hawl guh DIL-yayrzh<\/sup> ih lawr HY<\/sup>OH-nuh nuh dun] On yonder shore dimly in the midst of the fogs of the waves \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

2) T\u00e1 slua m\u00f3r Shasan’ go gruama ina lu\u00ed;<\/strong> [taw SLOO-uh mor HASS-un guh GROO-uh-muh nuh lee] There is England’s big horde gloomily lying down, \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

3) Cad \u00e9 si\u00fad ar an ard thuas, ag luascadh anonn <\/strong> [kad ay shood err un awrd HOO-us egg LOO-us-kuh uh-NUN] What is that up on high up swinging over, \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

4) Is \u00e1 cheilt is \u00e1 thaispe\u00e1int, ‘r\u00e9ir athr\u00fa na gaoithe? <\/strong> [iss aw hy<\/sup>eltch iss aw HASH-pyawntch rayrzh AH-hroo nuh gee-uh] And being hidden and being shown, According to the change of the wind? \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

5) ‘Nois t\u00e1 solas na gr\u00e9ine, ag lonradh air go tr\u00e9an!<\/strong> [NISH taw SOl-us nuh GRAYN-yuh egg LON-ruh err guh trzhayn!] Now the light of the sun is shining on it strongly! \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

6) ‘Nois is l\u00e9ir dhom a sc\u00e1ile sa toinn — f\u00e9ach \u00ed f\u00e9in!<\/strong> [nish iss layrzh hom uh SKAWL-yuh suh tin – faykh ee hayn ] Now I clearly see its reflection in the wave — look at it itself! \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

7)<\/strong> ‘S\u00ed an bhratach gheal-r\u00e9altach, go<\/strong> raibh s\u00ed go s\u00edor<\/strong> [shee un VRAH-tukh YA-AL-RAYL-tukh guh ruh-uh shee-ee guh-uh shee-ur] It’s the star-spangled banner, may it forever be<\/p>\n

8) Os cionn th\u00edr na gcr\u00f3gach is talamh na saor!<\/strong> [us kyun HEE-IRzh nuh groh-GUKH ih-iss TAL-uv nuh seer] Above the country of the brave and the land of the free! \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(On the shore dimly seen, through the mists of the deep,<\/em> Where the foe’s haughty host, in dread silence reposes,<\/em> What is that which the breeze o’er the towering steep,<\/em> As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?<\/em> Now it catches the gleam of the morning’s first beam,<\/em> In full glory reflected, now shines in the stream,<\/em> ‘Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave<\/em> O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave!)<\/em><\/p>\n

Gluais do v\u00e9arsa 2<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anonn<\/strong>, over; \u00a0Ard<\/strong>, high; high place; \u00a0Athr\u00fa<\/strong>, change; changing,<\/p>\n

Cad \u00e9?<\/strong>, What’s that?; \u00a0Ceilt<\/strong>, hiding (act of);\u00a0 Ceo, ceonna<\/strong>, fog, fogs,<\/p>\n

Dhom<\/strong>, to me,<\/p>\n

F\u00e9ach!<\/strong>, Look!,<\/p>\n

Gaoth<\/strong>, wind; gaoithe<\/strong>, of wind; \u00a0Grian<\/strong>, sun; na gr\u00e9ine<\/strong>, of the sun; \u00a0Go raibh s\u00ed<\/strong> (etc.) …, May she (etc.) be … ; \u00a0Go doil\u00e9ir<\/strong>, murkily, Go gruama<\/strong>, gloomily; \u00a0Go tr\u00e9an<\/strong>, strongly,<\/p>\n

Is<\/strong> [say “iss” in Irish, not like the “izz” pronunciation of the English word “is]<\/p>\n

L\u00e1r<\/strong>, middle; \u00a0Lonradh<\/strong>, shining; \u00a0Lu\u00ed,<\/strong> lying down<\/p>\n

‘nois<\/strong>, now<\/p>\n

‘r\u00e9ir<\/strong>, according to<\/p>\n

Sasan’<\/strong>, England; Shasan<\/strong>‘, of England; \u00a0Sc\u00e1il<\/strong>, reflection; \u00a0Si\u00fad<\/strong>, yonder; \u00a0Slua<\/strong>, horde, host; \u00a0Solas<\/strong>, light<\/p>\n

Taispe\u00e1int<\/strong>, showing; \u00a0Tr\u00e1<\/strong>, beach, shore, strand; Thall<\/strong>, over there; Thuas<\/strong>, up, above; Tonn<\/strong>, wave; na dtonn<\/strong>; of the waves;\u00a0toinn<\/strong>, wave (dative case, after “sa<\/strong>“)<\/p>\n

An Bhratach Gheal-R\u00e9altach, V\u00e9arsa 3<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Is cad d’\u00e9irigh don drong<\/strong> a thug mionna go teann,<\/strong> [iss kahd a DAYRzh<\/sup>-ee dun drong uh hug MIN-nuh go tchawn], And what happened to that throng , who gave oaths strongly<\/p>\n

2) Go bhf\u00e1gfadh gan t\u00edr sinn, gan \u00e1ras ‘na sheasamh,<\/strong> [guhWAWG-huh gahn tcheerzh <\/sup>shin gahn AW-rus nuh HASS-uv], That they would leave [us] without a country, us without a building standing?<\/p>\n

3) Is go dtabharfaid\u00eds l\u00e9an leo,<\/strong> is leatrom is lann?<\/strong> [sguh DOR-hidj-eesh layn lyoh iss LAT-rom iss lahn?] And that they would bring grief with them, and oppression and blade?<\/p>\n

4) \u00d3, do scrios a gcuid fola<\/strong> rian gr\u00e1nna a gcosa:<\/strong> [oh duh shkriss uh gwidj FOL-uh REE-un GRAW-nuh uh GUSS-uh], Oh, their share of blood destroyed the ugly track of their feet<\/p>\n

5) N\u00edl cara n\u00e1 c\u00e1il<\/strong> ag feallt\u00f3ir n\u00e1 tr\u00e1ill,<\/strong> [neel KAH-ruh naw kaw-il egg FY<\/sup>AWL-toh-irzh<\/sup> naw TRAW-il], There is no friend or reputation at a traitor or a thrall<\/p>\n

6) San uaigneas, san uaigh,<\/strong> n\u00edl a bhfoscadh le f\u00e1il!<\/strong> [sun OO-ig-nyuss, sun OO-ee, neel uh WOS-kuh le faw-il] In the loneliness, in the grave, there’s no shelter available (from it) \u00a0[NB 7\/4\/15: is f\u00e9idir “sun OO-ig” a r\u00e1 do “san uaigh” freisin, cos\u00fail leis an bhfocal “uaigneas”]<\/p>\n

7) ‘S t\u00e1 an bhratach gheal-r\u00e9altach<\/strong> go buach go s\u00edor<\/strong> [stawn VRAH-tukh YA-AL-RAYL-tukh guh BOO-OO-uh-ukh guh-uh shee-ur] And the star-spangled banner is victoriously eternal(ly)<\/p>\n

8) Os cionn th\u00edr na gcr\u00f3gach<\/strong> is talamh na saor!\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

[us kyun HEE-IRzh<\/sup> nuh groh-GUKH ih-iss TAL-uv nuh seer] O’er the country of the brave and the land of the free! \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(And where is that band who so vauntingly swore,<\/em> That the havoc of war and the battle’s confusion <\/em> A home and a country should leave us no more?<\/em> Their blood has wash’d out<\/em> their foul footsteps’ pollution,<\/em> No refuge could save<\/em> the hireling and slave<\/em> From the terror of flight or the gloom of the grave<\/em> And the star-spangled banner<\/em> in triumph doth wave<\/em> O’er the land of the free<\/em> and the home of the brave!)<\/em><\/p>\n

Gluais do v\u00e9arsa 3:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1ras<\/strong>, building, house, mansion,<\/p>\n

Cad<\/strong>?, What?;\u00a0 C\u00e1il<\/strong>, reputation; \u00a0Cara<\/strong>, friend; Cos<\/strong>, foot, leg; **a gcosa<\/strong>, their feet, their legs; Cuid<\/strong>, share, portion<\/p>\n

D’\u00e9irigh<\/strong> + do<\/strong>, happened to; \u00a0Do<\/strong> (past tense marker, untranslated); \u00a0Drong<\/strong>, group, throng,<\/p>\n

F\u00e1g<\/strong>, leave; go bhf\u00e1gfadh<\/strong>, that (they) would leave; \u00a0F\u00e1il<\/strong>, getting; \u00a0Feallt\u00f3i<\/strong>r, traitor; \u00a0Foscadh<\/strong>, shelter; a bhfoscadh<\/strong>, their shelter; \u00a0Fuil<\/strong>, blood; fola<\/strong>, of blood,<\/p>\n

Go teann<\/strong>, strongly, tightly, firmly; \u00a0Gr\u00e1nna<\/strong>, ugly,<\/p>\n

Lann<\/strong>, blade; \u00a0L\u00e9an<\/strong>, grief; \u00a0Leatrom<\/strong>, oppression, unevenness,<\/p>\n

Mionn, mionna<\/strong>, oath(s)<\/p>\n

‘na sheasamh<\/strong>, standing (in its standing); \u00a0N\u00e1<\/strong>, nor<\/p>\n

Rian<\/strong>, track, trail (n);<\/p>\n

Scrios<\/strong>, destroyed Tabhair<\/strong>, give; go dtabharfaid\u00eds<\/strong>, that they would give; \u00a0Tr\u00e1ill<\/strong>, thrall, slave<\/p>\n

Uaigh<\/strong>, grave (n); \u00a0Uaigneas<\/strong>, loneliness<\/p>\n

And a few further notes:<\/p>\n

a) Maidir leis an bhfocal “drong”<\/strong> -it’s a direct parallel to the English word “throng.”\u00a0 Remember, the initial Irish broad “d” sound has a dental quality, with the tongue pressed against the back of the upper teeth, so it’s not surprising that English equivalent has a “hard th” (theta<\/em>) sound.<\/p>\n

b) Maidir leis an bhfocal B\u00e9arla<\/strong> “vauntingly”: I think “go teann<\/strong>” was a good choice here, given the context.\u00a0 I don’t think I’ve ever heard of anything described as occurring “vauntingly” in actual modern spoken English.\u00a0 The ordinary Irish words for “vaunting” (if anything about the word “vaunting” could be described as “ordinary”) are “ma\u00edteach<\/strong>” and “gaisci\u00fail<\/strong>.”\u00a0 And where’s that “vaunting” from anyway?\u00a0 Apparently from Latin “vanus<\/em>” (“vain” — That figures!) \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

**Iarsmaoineamh (28 Ean\u00e1ir 2015)<\/strong>: For “rian gr\u00e1nna a gcosa<\/strong>,” we see “a gcosa<\/strong>” for “(of) their feet.” \u00a0The official modern standard form for this would be “a gcos<\/strong>,” without the final “-a.” \u00a0But at the time\u00a0\u00d3 Gramhnaigh’s translation was made, the Caighde\u00e1n Oifigi\u00fail<\/strong> didn’t exist yet. \u00a0Many words had numerous variations in spelling and grammatical treatment. \u00a0In fact, many still do, even after the spelling reforms of the 1950s. \u00a0It’s impossible to know now whether\u00a0\u00d3 Gramhnaigh was debating between “a gcosa<\/strong>” and “a gcos<\/strong>,” but he may have felt, as I do, that “a gcosa<\/strong>” flows better. \u00a0Pairing “gr\u00e1nna<\/strong>” with “gcosa<\/strong>” not only creates some alliteration (g + g), but the two “-a” endings create a loose sort of end rhyme. \u00a0And, while we’re at it, vowels are widely recognized as being easier to sing, mar is eol do na hIod\u00e1laigh!<\/strong><\/p>\n

An Bhratach Gheal-r\u00e9altach, V\u00e9arsa 4<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1) \u00a0Gurab amhlaidh go br\u00e1ch,<\/strong> nuair a sheasfaidh na laoich<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 [GUR-ub OW-lee guh brawkh NOO-irzh<\/sup> uh HASS-ee nuh lee-ih] May it be thus forever when the heroes (will) stand<\/p>\n

2) \u00a0Idir shlua na namhad<\/strong> is \u00e1ras a gcloinne;<\/strong> [idj-irzh<\/sup> HLOO-uh nuh NAW-ud iss AWR-uss uh GLIN-yuh], Between the host of the enemy and the building (house) of their family;<\/p>\n

3) \u00a0‘S go raibh alt\u00fa is gl\u00f3ir<\/strong> d’Athair Bua is S\u00edth’, \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong> [sguh ruh AL-too iss gloh-irzh<\/sup>do-uh AH-hirzh<\/sup> BOO-uss shee] And may there be praise and glory to Father [of?] Victory and Peace,<\/p>\n

4) \u00a0Thug d\u00faiche Uaidh f\u00e9in<\/strong> d\u00fainn, go deireadh na cruinne,<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong>[hug DOO-ih-hyuh OO-ee hayn, \u00a0doo-in guh DJERzh-uh nuh KRIN-yuh] Who gave the territory from Himself, to us until the end of the universe!<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0 Beidh rath ar an Neart,<\/strong> mar t\u00e1 linn-ne an Ceart,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong> [bay rah err un nyart mahr taw LIN-yuh un kyart] Prosperity will be on the Strength, because the Right is with us,<\/p>\n

6) \u00a0Is t\u00e1 d\u00f3chas \u00e1r gcro\u00ed<\/strong> ar Dhia na bhFeart!\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong> [iss taw DOH-khuss awr gree eh-err YEE-uh nuh vyart!] And the hope of our heart (is) is on God of the Miracles (almighty God)!<\/p>\n

7) \u00a0‘S beidh an bhratach gheal-r\u00e9altach<\/strong>, go buach go s\u00edor<\/strong> [sbay un VRAH-tukh YA-AL-RAYL-tukh guh BOO-OO-uh-ukh guh-uh\u00a0shee-ur] And the star-spangled banner will be victoriously eternally<\/p>\n

8) \u00a0Os cionn th\u00edr na gcr\u00f3gach<\/strong> is talamh na saor!\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong> [us kyun HEE-IRzh nuh groh-GUKH, ih-iss TAL-uv nuh seer] O’er the country of the brave and the land of the free! \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(Oh! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand<\/em> Between their loved home<\/em> and the war’s desolation,<\/em> \u00a0Blest with victory and peace, may the heav’n rescued land<\/em> \u00a0Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation,<\/em> Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,<\/em> And this be our motto:<\/em> “In God is our trust.”<\/em> And the star-spangled banner<\/em>\u00a0 in triumph doth wave<\/em> O’er the land of the free<\/em> and the home of the brave!)<\/em><\/p>\n

Gluais do v\u00e9arsa 4: \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alt\u00fa<\/strong>, thanks, thanking; \u00a0Amhlaidh<\/strong>, thus,<\/p>\n

Beidh<\/strong>, will be; \u00a0Bua<\/strong>, victory,<\/p>\n

Ceart<\/strong>, right (noun or adj.); \u00a0Clann<\/strong>, family; a gcloinne<\/strong>, of their family (old spelling with “o”); \u00a0Cruinne<\/strong>, universe,<\/p>\n

d’Athair<\/strong>, to\/for Father (God); \u00a0Dia<\/strong>, God; \u00a0D\u00f3chas<\/strong>, hope; \u00a0D\u00faiche<\/strong>, territory,<\/p>\n

feart<\/strong>, miracle; na bhfeart<\/strong>, of the miracles,<\/p>\n

Gl\u00f3ir<\/strong>, glory; \u00a0Go br\u00e1ch<\/strong>, forever; \u00a0Go deireadh<\/strong>, till (the) end; Gurab<\/strong>, may it be,<\/p>\n

Laoch, laoich<\/strong>, hero, heroes,<\/p>\n

Namhaid<\/strong>, enemy; na namhad<\/strong>, of the enemy(-ies) (sing. or pl.); \u00a0Neart<\/strong>, strength; \u00a0Nuair a<\/strong>, when,<\/p>\n

Rath<\/strong>, prosperity<\/p>\n

Sheasfaidh<\/strong>, will stand;\u00a0 S\u00edth<\/strong>, peace<\/p>\n

Uaidh<\/strong> [OO-ee], from Him (capitalized in the text because referring to God)<\/p>\n

Sin agaibh na ceithre v\u00e9arsa.\u00a0 SGF, R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

The links for the other blogs are:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/o-abair-an-leir-dhuit-oh-say-can-you-see-amhran-naisiunta-na-stat-aontaithe\/<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/o-abair-an-leir-dhuit-oh-say-can-you-see-2nd-verse-amhran-naisiunta-na-stat-aontaithe-vearsa-2\/<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/o-abair-an-leir-dhuit-vearsa-3-oh-say-can-you-see-3nd-verse-amhran-naisiunta-na-stat-aontaithe\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00d3 Abair An L\u00e9ir Dhuit, V\u00e9arsa 4: Oh, Say Can You See, 4th (and final) verse (Amhr\u00e1n N\u00e1isi\u00fanta na St\u00e1t Aontaithe)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n