{"id":7219,"date":"2015-10-20T20:04:51","date_gmt":"2015-10-20T20:04:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=7219"},"modified":"2018-07-30T02:10:34","modified_gmt":"2018-07-30T02:10:34","slug":"irish-language-glossary-for-comhra-idir-an-da-iora-ghlasa-diarmaid-agus-dearbhail-pt-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/irish-language-glossary-for-comhra-idir-an-da-iora-ghlasa-diarmaid-agus-dearbhail-pt-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Irish language glossary for \u2018Comhr\u00e1 idir an d\u00e1 iora ghlasa\u2019 (Diarmaid agus Dearbh\u00e1il), pt. 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

It occurred to me that there might be a few more words worthy of definition or pronunciation deconstruction from the \u201cDiarmaid agus Dearbh\u00e1il\u201d story (nasc th\u00edos<\/b>).\u00a0 So here\u2019s beag\u00e1in\u00edn eile<\/b>:<\/p>\n

Taighde<\/b>, research.\u00a0 The \u201cgh\u201d is silent in the \u201ctaigh-<\/strong>\u201d part of this word, so the vowel sound is as in the verb \u201cfaigh<\/b>\u201d (get), more or less like the vowel sound in the variously spelled English words \u201cI,\u201d \u201cmy,\u201d \u201cpie,\u201d \u201csigh,\u201d etc.\u00a0 Related words and phrases include: taighdeoir<\/b> (a researcher), an buntaighde<\/b> (the basic research), taighde margaidh<\/b> (market research), An Coiste Taighde um Athr\u00fa Aer\u00e1ide<\/b> (The Climate Change Research Committee), and An Ghn\u00edomhaireacht um Thaighde ar Bhrad\u00e1in<\/b> (The Salmon Research Agency), as opposed to the Salmon Research Trust of Ireland Inc., which is \u201cIontaobhas \u00c9ireann Crp. um Thaighde Brad\u00e1n<\/b>.\u201d\u00a0 Note the interesting grammar switch where research on<\/i> salmon uses \u201car bhrad\u00e1in<\/b>,\u201d with the standard plural ending (-\u00e1in<\/strong>), but research of<\/i> or about<\/i> salmon uses the genitive plural, brad\u00e1n<\/b>, with no \u201c-i-.\u201d\u00a0 In fact, the \u201cof\u201d part is implied, since there\u2019s no equivalent word for that function in Irish.<\/p>\n

Bhuel<\/b>, for me (agus m\u00e9 i m\u2019fhanaiceach gramada\u00ed<\/b>)\u00a0 that\u2019s an-suimi\u00fail<\/b> anyway.\u00a0 Perhaps for general purposes, it\u2019s worth noting that of the major English linguistic oddities where words for animals have no plural (deer, sheep, salmon, etc.), the situation doesn\u2019t apply to Irish.\u00a0 In Irish, all the words for animals that I can think of have plural forms.\u00a0 Nice and loighici\u00fail<\/b>!<\/p>\n

fia<\/b>, deer, fianna<\/b>, deer (plural)<\/p>\n

caora<\/b>, sheep, caoirigh<\/b>, sheep (plural)<\/p>\n

brad\u00e1n<\/b>, salmon, brad\u00e1in<\/b>, salmon (plural, except, of course, when we need the genitive plural, which is a whole different kettle of fish, well, really just a whole different \u201ctuiseal<\/b>,\u201d not a whole different \u201cciteal iasc<\/b>.\u201d\u00a0 Actually it\u2019s not so different, anyway.\u00a0 The \u201cginideach iolra<\/b>\u201d form for this word simply reverts back to the \u201cainmneach uatha<\/b>,\u201d that is, \u201cbrad\u00e1n<\/b>,\u201d which is probably how you first learned the word anyway, especially all ye singers of the now legendary Dalta\u00ed na Gaeilge anthem.\u00a0 Oops, wasn\u2019t that \u201csa tuiseal gairmeach<\/b>,\u201d since we were invoking the Salmon of Knowledge (\u201ca Bhrad\u00e1in Feasa<\/b>,\u201d in direct address).\u00a0 So that would give us both s\u00e9imhi\u00fa<\/b> (the \u201ch\u201d) and caol\u00fa<\/b> (the inserted \u201ci\u201d). \u00a0And, errmm, maybe I\u2019d better quit while I\u2019m ahead and go on to another word.<\/p>\n

Bhuel<\/strong>, actually, just returning for one more minute to the animals-with-no-plural theme, there\u2019s one I couldn\u2019t find, but it\u2019s finsc\u00e9alach<\/b>, not f\u00edor<\/b> (fad m\u2019eolais<\/b>), and there\u2019s only ever one at a time in the whole wide world (de r\u00e9ir an fhinsc\u00e9il, ar aon chaoi<\/b>).\u00a0 C\u00e9n t-ainmh\u00ed \u00e9 sin?\u00a0 An f\u00e9inics, ar nd\u00f3igh<\/b>.\u00a0 I can ponder the plural possibilities, grammarwise, but I think that\u2019ll have to wait for blagmh\u00edr \u00e9igin eile<\/b>.\u00a0 Of course,idir an d\u00e1 linn<\/b>, if anyone knows for sure, please do write in and let us know.\u00a0 None of the dictionaries I checked list a plural for \u201cf\u00e9inics<\/b>\u201d and my brief online search yielded no results.\u00a0 And definitely, if you\u2019ve ever seen two phoenixes at the same time, tell us, in fact, tell the world, \u2018cause that\u2019d be pretty highly neamhghn\u00e1ch<\/b>!\u00a0 As long as it\u2019s not because you\u2019re \u201cfeelin\u2019 single, seein\u2019 double\u201d or advertising Doublemint gum, in which case seeing two phoenixes might be a marketing trick or a hallucination.<\/p>\n

And back to the word “taighde<\/strong>,” I made a point of including the phrase \u201can buntaighde<\/b>\u201d above as a reminder that this word is grammatically masculine.\u00a0 Somehow, with the slender \u201c-gh\u201d and the final \u201ce,\u201d it always looks grammatically feminine to me.\u00a0 One of the best ways I know to remember the gender of unpredictable words is just to see them over and over again, especially in situations where spelling changes would be required to show gender.\u00a0 With a phrase like \u201can taighde<\/b>,\u201d where the noun starts with \u201ct,\u201d the general rule of\u00a0 showing feminine gender with lenition doesn\u2019t apply.\u00a0 Why?\u00a0 Because of the so-called DNTLS rule, which reminds us that \u201cd\u201d and \u201ct\u201d don\u2019t lenite after \u201cn.\u201d\u00a0 So, while we have \u201can bord<\/b>\u201d (the table, masculine) but \u201can bhean<\/b>\u201d (the woman, feminine), with nice, orderly, systematic lenition, we don\u2019t see initial changes in pairs like the following:<\/p>\n

masculine: an taighde<\/b>, the research vs. feminine: an tine<\/b>, the fire<\/p>\n

masculine: an doras<\/b>, the door vs. feminine: an dair<\/b>, the oak, also, an deoir<\/b>, the tear<\/p>\n

Of course, we\u2019d also get a reminder of the \u201cinscne<\/b>\u201d of the word \u201ctaighde<\/b>\u201d if we saw phrases like \u201ctortha\u00ed an taighde<\/b>\u201d or \u201ct\u00fas an taighde<\/b>,\u201d because the \u201can<\/b>\u201d would show us that \u201ctaighde<\/b>\u201d is masculine.\u00a0 When we want to say \u201cof the\u201d for a feminine noun, \u201can<\/b>\u201d changes to \u201cna<\/b>,\u201d as in \u201cRaidi\u00f3 na Gaeltachta<\/b>\u201d or \u201cBanc na h\u00c9ireann<\/b>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yikes, how did most of one blog get to be such a \u201ctimchaint fhoclach<\/b>\u201d (palaverous circumlocution) on just one word, anyway?\u00a0 Bhuel<\/b>, I\u2019ve always felt that each word in Irish has a sc\u00e9al<\/b>.\u00a0 Probably that\u2019s true in all languages, but it seems like in Irish the b\u00e9im ar sc\u00e9ala\u00edocht<\/b> is even stronger.<\/p>\n

So in the remaining space, here are a few more, m\u00ednithe go gonta<\/b>:<\/p>\n

Deireadh F\u00f3mhair<\/b>, October, lit.\u00a0 \u201cend of harvest\u201d<\/p>\n

Muimhneach<\/b> [MW<\/sup>EEN-yukh], Munster (used here as an adjective, i.e. of the province of Munster)<\/p>\n

Mo dhearmad<\/b>! I forgot, lit. my (act of) forgetting.\u00a0 And remember the pronunciation of that \u201cdhe-\u201d as \u201cyuh\u201d!\u00a0 That was the whole point of the original Diarmaid<\/strong> and Dearbh\u00e1il<\/strong> story, to get as much practice for that “dh” sound in as possible.\u00a0 Not that it\u2019s hard to pronounce\u2014it\u2019s just a little surprising for English speakers when they first encounter it since they usually only see \u201cdh-\u201d in loan words like \u201cdharma,\u201d \u201cdharna\u201d\u00a0 and \u201csandhi,\u201d and names (Hindi and maybe other Indian languages) like \u201cGandhi\u201d.\u00a0 In those words, the actual \u201cd\u201d sound is pronounced (unlike Irish, where it isn\u2019t), albeit with a noticeable simultaneous \u201chuh\u201d sound (almost like “duh-harma”).\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

And our last one, for today,<\/p>\n

Sult<\/b>, enjoyment, as in “Ta s\u00fail agam gur bhain t\u00fa sult as sin.<\/strong>”\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

TSAGCSSL<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>\u2014\u00a0<\/span>R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Naisc:<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/comhra-diarmaid-agus-dearbhail-agus-na-dearcain\/ (Comhr\u00e1: Diarmaid agus Dearbh\u00e1il agus Na Dearc\u00e1in<\/a>,\u00a0Posted on 10. Oct, 2015 by\u00a0<\/span>r\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>Irish Language<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Irish language glossary for \u2018Comhr\u00e1 idir an d\u00e1 iora ghlasa\u2019 (Diarmaid agus Dearbh\u00e1il)<\/a>\u00a0Posted by\u00a0r\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/a>\u00a0on Oct 15, 2015 in\u00a0Irish Language<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) It occurred to me that there might be a few more words worthy of definition or pronunciation deconstruction from the \u201cDiarmaid agus Dearbh\u00e1il\u201d story (nasc th\u00edos).\u00a0 So here\u2019s beag\u00e1in\u00edn eile: Taighde, research.\u00a0 The \u201cgh\u201d is silent in the \u201ctaigh-\u201d part of this word, so the vowel sound is as in the verb \u201cfaigh\u201d…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[390543,111202,390566,390567],"class_list":["post-7219","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-dearbhail","tag-diarmaid","tag-taighde","tag-taighdeoir"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7219"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10720,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7219\/revisions\/10720"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}