{"id":7571,"date":"2016-01-22T21:27:33","date_gmt":"2016-01-22T21:27:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=7571"},"modified":"2018-01-30T02:07:38","modified_gmt":"2018-01-30T02:07:38","slug":"five-civil-rights-terms-in-irish-baghcat-cearta-sibhialta-gniomhai-morshiul-neamhfhoreigean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/five-civil-rights-terms-in-irish-baghcat-cearta-sibhialta-gniomhai-morshiul-neamhfhoreigean\/","title":{"rendered":"Five Civil Rights Terms in Irish (baghcat, cearta sibhialta, gn\u00edomha\u00ed, m\u00f3rshi\u00fal, neamhfhor\u00e9igean)"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Imeascadh<\/a>

Imeascadh scoile, 1955 — ceann de phr\u00edomhaidhmeanna ghluaiseacht na gcearta sibhialta i Meirice\u00e1; grafaic:<\/em>
https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7f\/Integration.jpg (By Thomas J. O’Halloran [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/p><\/div>Following our recent blog on Martin Luther King, Jr., I thought it might be useful to look a little further into some related voca-bulary.\u00a0 Four of the keywords here were used in that post (nasc th\u00edos<\/strong>); one (neamhfhor\u00e9igean<\/strong>), as it happens, was not.\u00a0\u00a0 Here are the words, with some pronunciation tips:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Baghcat<\/strong> [BY-kot; with the “y” as in the IPA symbol \/ai\/, that is like English “I” or “by,” or, for that matter, like the Newfoundland English pronunciation of “I’s da b’ye dat builds da boat”): yes, this is the Irish spelling for “boycott,” a word which comes from the English surname of Captain Charles C. Boycott (1832-1897), an unjust and unpopular land agent (gn\u00edomhaire tal\u00fan<\/strong>) in County Mayo. He was ostracized by the local tenants, leading to his name being used to describe such a practice. In Irish, it became a standard 1st-declension noun so we have the following forms:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    an baghcat<\/strong>, the boycott<\/p>\n

    an bhaghcait<\/strong> [un WY-kuitch], of the boycott (faoi bhagairt an bhaghcait<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

    na baghcait<\/strong> [nuh BY-kuitch], the boycotts<\/p>\n

    na mbaghcat<\/strong> [nuh MY-kot], of the boycotts (faoi bhagairt na mbaghcat<\/strong>).\u00a0 For what it’s worth, a Yahoo search gave me no hits (amas ar bith<\/strong>) for this phrase and Google gave me a scant two, both from grammar databases, not from any usage in context.<\/p>\n

    Our Martin Luther King, Jr. example?\u00a0 Baghcat Bus Montgomery<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Cearta Sibhialta.<\/strong> This phrase is probably most typically found in the plural, as given here, but it can be singular, as in:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      an ceart sibhialta<\/strong> [un ky<\/sup>art SHIV-ee-ul-tuh], the civil right (probably not much used with the definite article and in the singular– the only examples I find online smack of machine translation)<\/p>\n

      an chirt shibhialta<\/strong>, “of the civil right,” but a very unlikely phrase in the real world.\u00a0 No Google or Yahoo hits at all, for what that’s worth.<\/p>\n

      We’re more likely to encounter this in the plural, as:<\/p>\n

      na cearta sibhialta<\/strong>, the civil rights<\/p>\n

      na gceart sibhialta<\/strong>, of the civil rights.\u00a0 Since most Irish phrases don’t include the words “of” or multiple uses of “the” for a phrase like, say, “(the) assurance (of the) civil rights (of) the people of …”, we don’t actually see much use of this exact phrase, either.\u00a0 \u00a0Online search hits: Yahoo, 50; Google, 50 — an unusual coincidence!\u00a0 That’s not much to choose from, but here’s one example, at least:<\/p>\n

      Agus maireann sc\u00e1il U\u00ed Chadhain i gc\u00f3na\u00ed b\u00edodh is gur ioma\u00ed sin \u00d3 Cadhain at\u00e1 ann: fathach liteartha, gaisc\u00edoch na gceart sibhialta<\/em>, poblacht\u00f3ir d\u00edlis, s\u00f3isialach de smior, bailitheoir b\u00e9aloidis, cnuasaitheoir focl\u00f3ra, stocaire polaiti\u00fail, m\u00fainteoir cruthanta, cime Curraigh, f\u00e1itealla\u00ed faisn\u00e9ise agus n\u00edl sa gcur s\u00edos sin ach cuid bheag de r\u00e9ims\u00ed poibl\u00ed an fhir mh\u00f3ir at\u00e1 \u00e1 chom\u00f3radh le linn Oireachtas seo na Bealtaine<\/strong>.\u00a0 (from “M\u00e1irt\u00edn \u00d3 Cadhain agus Diosc\u00farsa an D\u00fachais,” le D\u00f3nall \u00d3 Braon\u00e1in, RT\u00c9, RnaG, L\u00e9acht an Oireachtais 2006 (Cuid 1)<\/strong>, http:\/\/www.feasta.ie\/2006\/bealtaine\/alt6.html)<\/p>\n

      And that lengthy quote, a glossator’s delight, might warrant a blagmh\u00edr<\/strong> of its own, soon.<\/p>\n

      Sometimes “ar<\/strong>” (on) is used to describe a civil rights organization or activity, as in:<\/p>\n

      Pr\u00f3tacal Roghnach a ghabhann leis an gC\u00fanant Idirn\u00e1isi\u00fanta ar Chearta Sibhialta agus Polaiti\u00fala<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Or, in other cases, the word “the” (and the eclipsis it triggers), is absent altogether from the first part of the phrase:<\/p>\n

      Gluaiseacht Chearta Sibhialta na Gaeltachta<\/strong>, the Gaeltacht Civil Rights Movement (i.e. the movement of the civil rights of the Gaeltacht)<\/p>\n

      3) Gn\u00edomha\u00ed,<\/strong> activist, also agent , player\/driver\/actor (one who does actions, not a theater or film actor, which is “aisteoir<\/strong>“)<\/p>\n

      Here are the forms, and a few examples:<\/p>\n

      an gn\u00edomha\u00ed<\/strong> [un GNEEV-ee], the activist, agent, etc.<\/p>\n

      an ghn\u00edomha\u00ed<\/strong> [un Y<\/sup>NEEV-ee], of the activist (ainm an ghn\u00edomha\u00ed<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

      And in the plural:<\/p>\n

      na gn\u00edomhaithe<\/strong> [nuh GNEEV-ih-huh], the activists<\/p>\n

      na ngn\u00edomhaithe<\/strong> [nung-NEEV-ih-huh], of the activists (ainmneacha na ngn\u00edomhaithe<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

      And some samples:<\/p>\n

      gn\u00edomha\u00ed ar son chearta an duine<\/strong>, human rights activist (lit. activist on behalf of the rights of the person)<\/p>\n

      gn\u00edomha\u00ed airgeadais<\/strong>, financial player<\/p>\n

      And on the scientific side of things:<\/p>\n

      gn\u00edomha\u00ed bogtha uisce<\/strong>, water-softening agent<\/p>\n

      gn\u00edomha\u00ed frithstolptha<\/strong>, anti-caking agent<\/p>\n

      gn\u00edomha\u00ed greamaitheach<\/strong>, tackifying agent<\/p>\n

      Sometimes “oibre\u00e1n<\/strong>” is used for functions like these.<\/p>\n

      Note the nuance of difference with “gn\u00edomhaire<\/strong>” (agent) as in “gn\u00edomhaire tal\u00fan<\/strong>” (land-agent), “gn\u00edomhaire east\u00e1it”<\/strong> (estate-agent), “gn\u00edomhaire faisn\u00e9ise”<\/strong> (intelligence agent) and “gn\u00edomhaire loingis”<\/strong> (shipping agent)<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. M\u00f3rshi\u00fal<\/strong>, march, procession, parade. “Mairse\u00e1il<\/strong>” can also be used for “a march” (and for “to march”) and “par\u00e1id<\/strong>” for “a parade.” NB: not to be mistaken for “m\u00f3rsh\u00fail<\/strong>” (a great expectation, lit. “a big hope\/eye”)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        an m\u00f3rshi\u00fal<\/strong>, the march, the parade, etc.<\/p>\n

        an mh\u00f3rshi\u00fail<\/strong>, of the march, parade, etc.<\/p>\n

        na m\u00f3rshi\u00falta<\/strong>, the marches, the parades<\/p>\n

        na m\u00f3rshi\u00falta<\/strong> (same form as above), of the marches, of the parades (Coimisi\u00fan na M\u00f3rshi\u00falta<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

        Agus c\u00fapla sampla:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        M\u00f3rshi\u00fal Comhionnannais<\/strong>, Equality March<\/p>\n

        M\u00f3rshi\u00fal Comhionnannais<\/strong> LADT<\/strong>, LGBT Equality March (LADT = Leispiach, Aerach, D\u00e9ghn\u00e9asach, Trasinscneach<\/strong>)<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. And finally, a word which is fundamental to civil rights movements in general, which I figured we should include here, even though it wasn’t in the recent Martin Luther King, Jr. blog post.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          neamhfhor\u00e9igean<\/strong> [NyOW-OR-ayg-yun], non-violence\u00a0 gs: neamhfhor\u00e9igin<\/strong>.\u00a0 No plural. \u00a0A combination of “neamh<\/strong>-” (negative prefix) and “for\u00e9igean<\/strong>” (violence).<\/p>\n

          Sometimes the idea of “non-violence” is expressed by referring to “peace, ” as opposed to negating violence.\u00a0 Seo sampla<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

          non-violent method: modh s\u00edoch\u00e1nta<\/strong>, with “s\u00edoch\u00e1nta<\/strong>” literally meaning “peaceful<\/strong>,” not “non-violent” as such<\/p>\n

          “S\u00edoch\u00e1nta<\/strong>” (peaceful, peaceable), the adjective, is related to the word “s\u00edoch\u00e1in<\/strong>” (peace). \u00a0A couple of other well-known phrases regarding peace are “Garda S\u00edoch\u00e1na<\/strong>” and “An Pr\u00f3is\u00e9as S\u00edoch\u00e1na<\/strong>” (aka Pr\u00f3is\u00e9as na S\u00edoch\u00e1na<\/strong>).\u00a0 Regarding the latter, sometimes the definite article is dropped because of the structure of the phrase, particularly if it’s a long phrase, such as the name of a political or diplomatic organization.\u00a0 As an example, take these nine words, add or adjust for appropriate mutations and endings, and put them in the right sequence for “Ad hoc Working Party on the Middle East Peace Process” — ad, an, an, hoc, Me\u00e1noirthear, meitheal, pr\u00f3iseas, s\u00edoch\u00e1in, um<\/strong>.\u00a0 \u00a0Got it?\u00a0 Muna bhfuil, t\u00e1 an freagra th\u00edos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

          NB: The word “an<\/strong>” (the) does occur twice in the phrase but not in the “process of peace” section of it.<\/p>\n

          Well, no doubt this civil rights-themed vocabulary could extend far further, but liosta c\u00faig fhocal<\/strong> seems a good length for now.\u00a0 I hope you’ve found “\u00e1bhar machnaimh<\/strong>” here.\u00a0 SGF — R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Nasc:<\/strong>\u00a0Martin Luther King, Jr. \u2014 Caps\u00falbheathaisn\u00e9is i nGaeilge (Brief Bio in Irish)<\/a> Posted on 18. Jan, 2016 by\u00a0r\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/a>\u00a0in\u00a0Irish Language<\/a> (https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/martin-luther-king-jr-capsulbheathaisneis-i-ngaeilge-brief-bio-in-irish\/)<\/p>\n

          Freagra:<\/strong> An Mheitheal ad hoc um Pr\u00f3iseas S\u00edoch\u00e1na an Mhe\u00e1noirthir<\/strong>, lit. the working party – ad hoc – for\/on – [the] process of peace — [of] the Middle East<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

          (le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) Following our recent blog on Martin Luther King, Jr., I thought it might be useful to look a little further into some related voca-bulary.\u00a0 Four of the keywords here were used in that post (nasc th\u00edos); one (neamhfhor\u00e9igean), as it happens, was not.\u00a0\u00a0 Here are the words, with some pronunciation tips: Baghcat [BY-kot…<\/p>\n

          Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":7578,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[411119,411113,411118,411120,5667,411121,411122],"class_list":["post-7571","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-baghcat","tag-cearta-sibhialta","tag-civil-rights","tag-gniomhai","tag-irish","tag-morshiul","tag-neamhfhoreigean"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7571"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7571\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10088,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7571\/revisions\/10088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}