{"id":8400,"date":"2016-09-12T19:17:05","date_gmt":"2016-09-12T19:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=8400"},"modified":"2016-09-22T00:30:33","modified_gmt":"2016-09-22T00:30:33","slug":"how-to-say-leaves-and-foliage-in-irish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/how-to-say-leaves-and-foliage-in-irish\/","title":{"rendered":"How to say ‘leaves’ and ‘foliage’ in Irish\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

‘Tis the season, no, not ‘An Nollaig<\/strong>‘ yet, but the season for falling leaves, at least for ‘crainn<\/strong>‘ that are ‘duillsilteach<\/strong>.’ \u00a0So today, let’s look at the forms of the word “leaf” and also “foliage.”<\/p>\n

\"(grafaic:<\/a>

(grafaic: By Bengt Nyman (originally posted to Flickr as IMG_1233-i) [CC BY 2.0 (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons)<\/em><\/p><\/div>Starting with the basics:<\/p>\n

duilleog<\/strong> [DIL-yohg, with the “ll” about like the “ll” in English “million”], a leaf<\/p>\n

an duilleog<\/strong>, the leaf (it’s feminine, but there’s no change to “d” because of the DNTLS rule)<\/p>\n

duilleoige<\/strong>, of a leaf<\/p>\n

na duilleoige<\/strong>, of the leaf<\/p>\n

duilleoga<\/strong>, leaves<\/p>\n

na duilleoga<\/strong>, the leaves<\/p>\n

duilleog<\/strong>, of leaves<\/p>\n

na nduilleog<\/strong> [nun IL-yohg]<\/p>\n

Extended uses of “duilleog<\/strong>” include:<\/p>\n

duilleog boird<\/strong>, leaf of a table (the same concept as in English)<\/p>\n

duilleog feamainne<\/strong>, a frond of seaweed (Hmm, why do we say “frond” and not “leaf” — ceist mhaith do bhlagmh\u00edr eile!<\/strong>).\u00a0 And lo and behold, there are at least four other words for “frond” in Irish: fronn, scothach, seamaide<\/strong>, and gas<\/strong>, which normally means “stem”<\/p>\n

duilleog nuachta<\/strong>, a news-sheet, lit. a leaf of news<\/p>\n

Additional related words include:<\/p>\n

duille<\/strong>, leaf, leaves\/foliage, or, somewhat obscurely in my experience, eye-lid, and even more amazingly (\u00f3 mo radharc f\u00e9in, ar a laghad), “glory” in a phrase like “duille an domhain<\/strong>.”<\/p>\n

duilleach, duilleogach, and duilli\u00farach<\/strong>, which all mean “leafy,” and which all use a typical Irish adjective ending (“-ach”)<\/p>\n

And then, to contrast “leafy” with “foliose” (!), there’s “duilli\u00fail<\/strong>,” which uses another typical adjective ending.<\/p>\n

Some related nouns include:<\/p>\n

duilleach\u00e1n<\/strong> and duilleoig\u00edn<\/strong>, which both mean “leaflet”<\/p>\n

duillinn<\/strong>, a leaf in the sense of a sheet or foil, which also means “membrane” (usually “scann\u00e1n<\/strong>,” i mo thaith\u00ed f\u00e9in) and “caul” (usually “caip\u00edn sonais<\/strong>,” lit. cap of happiness, in the medical sense and “caidhp<\/strong>” in the fashion sense, as in the dance, “Caidhp an Ch\u00fail Aird<\/strong>, the High-Caul or -Cauled Cap)<\/p>\n

And for the scientifically-minded among us, there is “duilleagar<\/strong>” (phyllotaxy, the arrangement of leaves around a stem), which I have totally never had a reason to use in my life, either in Irish or in English!<\/p>\n

As we can readily see, almost every word in Irish has siblings, cousins, and second cousins, and more … words that are related but whose meanings stray ever farther into other realms.<\/p>\n

Curiously though, for “filo pastry” (aka “phyllo dough) the Irish just takes the word “filo” as it’s been adapted into English (from the Greek \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u00a0“leaf”) and uses it to describe “taosr\u00e1n<\/strong>” (pastry): taosr\u00e1n filo<\/strong>.\u00a0 I wonder if “taosr\u00e1n duilleach<\/strong>” could be used for the leaf-shaped pastry cutouts I made once to go with a Concord grape pie.\u00a0 It tasted great, by the way, but I’ll never do that much work for a pie again — individual leaves cut out, placed, and glazed, not to mention the fact that the grapes had to be blanched and skinned.\u00a0 Just call me Martha (as in “Stewart”)<\/p>\n

For “foliage” itself, there are at least two choices<\/p>\n

duille<\/strong>, which we saw above and which can either be a single leaf or leaves collectively (foliage)<\/p>\n

duilli\u00far<\/strong>, which cannot be broken down into a single leaf; this is the word I’m more familiar with hearing for “foliage”<\/p>\n

Well, I guess I’ll have to “leave” you now — that’d be “f\u00e1g\u00e1il<\/strong>,” btw, a completely different word in Irish.\u00a0 Or more technically, do bhur bhf\u00e1g\u00e1il<\/strong> — but the structure of that phrase would, once again, have to be “\u00e1bhar blagmh\u00edr eile.”\u00a0 – SGF\u00a0 – R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gluais: duillsilteach<\/strong>, deciduous, lit. “leaf- + -falling\/dripping”; feamainn<\/strong>, seaweed ; taosr\u00e1n<\/strong>, pastry<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

\u00a0(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) ‘Tis the season, no, not ‘An Nollaig‘ yet, but the season for falling leaves, at least for ‘crainn‘ that are ‘duillsilteach.’ \u00a0So today, let’s look at the forms of the word “leaf” and also “foliage.” Starting with the basics: duilleog [DIL-yohg, with the “ll” about like the “ll” in English “million”], a leaf…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":8402,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[460895,251439,251440],"class_list":["post-8400","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-foliage","tag-leaf","tag-leaves"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t