{"id":8614,"date":"2016-11-22T04:08:47","date_gmt":"2016-11-22T04:08:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=8614"},"modified":"2016-12-03T15:53:20","modified_gmt":"2016-12-03T15:53:20","slug":"how-to-pronounce-irish-words-with-the-leas-prefix-cuidpart-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/how-to-pronounce-irish-words-with-the-leas-prefix-cuidpart-2\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Pronounce Irish Words with the ‘Leas-‘ Prefix (Cuid\/Part 2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"leasathair-leasaitheoir-12-2-16-for-11-22-16\"<\/a><\/p>\n

In the blogpost for November 12, 2016 (nasc th\u00edos<\/strong>), we looked at various words with the prefix “leas<\/strong>-,” going beyond the typical meaning of “step-” (as in leasdeirfi\u00far<\/strong> and leasdearth\u00e1ir<\/strong>).\u00a0 We got through about half the planned examples, like “leas-<\/strong>” before vowels, as in “leasainm<\/strong>” (nickname) and “leas<\/strong>-” before the consonants “c” and “m” (leaschod\u00e1n<\/strong>, improper fraction — how judgmental sounding! — and leasmh\u00e1thair<\/strong>, stepmother).\u00a0\u00a0 In today’s blogpost, we’ll look at the remaining three categories:<\/p>\n

d)) “leas-“<\/strong>before leniteable consonants that don’t lenite after “leas-“<\/strong>(Yeah, sounds strange and triggered a fol\u00e1ireamh athluaiteachais<\/strong> in the Part 1 blogpost \u00a0— but that really does describe the situation),<\/p>\n

e)) “leas-”\u00a0<\/strong>before non-leniteable consonants (like “r,” no changes so …. \u00a0easy peasy, or in Irish, “\u00e9asca p\u00e9asca<\/strong>“)<\/p>\n

f)) “leas-<\/strong>” occasionally changing to “leis-<\/strong>,” at least in earlier forms of Irish.<\/p>\n

And we still need to look at the subtle distinction in pronunciation between pairs of words like “leasathai<\/strong>r” and “leasaitheoir<\/strong>,” which have, needless to say, completely different meanings.<\/p>\n

Starting with point d:<\/p>\n

d)) What happens to an inital “d” or “t” or “s” after the prefix “leas<\/strong>-“? Short answer: tada n\u00f3 faic n\u00f3 chun beocht a chur air, n\u00ed tharla\u00edonn faic n\u00e1 fr\u00edde<\/strong>.\u00a0 In other words, nothing!\u00a0 So, no change to words like the following: deirfi\u00far, dearth\u00e1ir, seanmh\u00e1thair, seanathair, seans\u00e1il\u00e9ir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

leasdeirfi\u00far<\/strong> \u00a0[Ly<\/sup>ASS-DJERzh<\/sup>-uh-fy<\/sup>oor], stepsister; remember the slight vowel sound between the “r” and “f” of “deirfi\u00far<\/strong>” that is not indicated in the spelling.<\/p>\n

leasdearth\u00e1i<\/strong>r [Ly<\/sup>ASS-DJAR-haw-irzh<\/sup>], stepbrother<\/p>\n

leas-seanmh\u00e1thair<\/strong> \u00a0[Ly<\/sup>ASS-SHAN-WAW-hirzh<\/sup> or … VAW-hirzh<\/sup>], stepgrandmother.\u00a0 Note: the fleisc\u00edn<\/strong> is because of the double consonants)<\/p>\n

leas-seanathair<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS-SHAN-AH-hirzh<\/sup>], stepgrandfather, with the fleisc\u00edn<\/strong> as noted above.<\/p>\n

leas-seans\u00e1il\u00e9ir<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS-SHAN-SAWL-yayrzh<\/sup>], vice-chancellor<\/p>\n

If there were a real word starting with “leas<\/strong>-” for “step-” and then with the next part starting with “t,” I’d use it here with the samples but I can’t think of a single realistic example.\u00a0 However, we see a similar process in words like “seanteach<\/strong>,” “an-s\u00e1sta<\/strong>,” and “An Sean-Tiomna<\/strong>,” where the “n” of “sean<\/strong>” or “an-<\/strong>” also blocks the lenition of “t” or “s.” \u00a0There’s even “leasteangeola\u00edocht<\/strong>” (showing no change to the “t” after “s”), but that’s from “leas<\/strong>,” the noun, meaning “benefit,” “advantage,” “curing” (as in bacon — remember the “leasaitheoir bag\u00fain<\/strong>“?), not to mention “manure.”\u00a0 \u00a0OK, so I mentioned it anyway — all in the time-honored tradition of “parathagra<\/strong>” (.i. paralepsis aka apophasis and antiphrasis).\u00a0 \u00a0Someday, the noun “leas<\/strong>” will have it’s own blogpost here — 10 ways to say “manure\/dung” in Irish.\u00a0 Anyway, \u00a0what does “leasteangeola\u00edocht<\/strong>” mean?\u00a0 F\u00e9ach an\u00a0 n\u00f3ta th\u00edos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Normally, of course, these consonants (d, t, s) can be lenited , as in “domplag\u00e1n Dh\u00f3nail,” “tomhas Thom\u00e1is,”<\/strong> and “seomra Sheoirse.”<\/strong>\u00a0 It’s only because “leas<\/strong>-” ends in “s” that we have the above exceptions.\u00a0 It’s part of the DNTLS rule.<\/p>\n

e)) “leas-“<\/strong>before non-leniteable consonants (like “r)<\/p>\n

leasr\u00ed<\/strong> [ly<\/sup>ass-ree], viceroy, regent<\/p>\n

leasr\u00fana\u00ed<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS-ROON-ee], deputy secretary<\/p>\n

A few more we haven’t previously mentioned ion this series:<\/p>\n

leasleabharlanna\u00ed<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS -Ly<\/sup>OWR-lahn-ee], deputy librarian<\/p>\n

Leas-Phr\u00edomhLeabharlanna\u00ed<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS -FRzh<\/sup>EEV-Ly<\/sup>OWR-lahn-ee], Deputy Chief Librarian<\/p>\n

leas-phr\u00edomhfheidhmeannach<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS -FRzh<\/sup>EEV-AIM-yan-ukh], deputy chief executive; note: the “aim” in the transcription is like “rhyme” or “time” or “I’m”, and the following: ph = f, mh = v, fh is silent, and the final “ch” is like German “Buch<\/em>” and Welsh “bach<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

leas-phr\u00edomhoifigeach feidhmi\u00fach\u00e1in<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS -FRzh<\/sup>EEV-IF-ig-yukh FAIM-yookh-aw-in], deputy chief executive officer<\/p>\n

Leas-Phr\u00edomhchigire<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS -FRzh<\/sup>EEV-Hy<\/sup>IG-irzh<\/sup>-uh], Deputy Chief Inspector<\/p>\n

And finally, for section “f,” \u00a0here’s one example with the more traditional prefix, “leis<\/strong>-“, before a word that begins with a slender consonant, in this case, “cliamhain<\/strong>“:<\/p>\n

f)) leis-chliamhain<\/strong> [LESH-HLy<\/sup>EE-uh-win], a stepson-in-law<\/p>\n

If we went back far enough in time, this “leis<\/strong>-” would probably have applied across the board to words beginning with slender consonants, but that would take us fully back into older spellings, like “dearbhr\u00e1thair<\/strong>” or “inghean<\/strong>.”\u00a0 As it is, “leis-chliamhain<\/strong>” is the only well-known example I’ve seen of this sort that hasn’t been updated in spelling.\u00a0\u00a0 So it’s good to know about, but probably one you don’t really have to use particularly often.<\/p>\n

And finally, I mentioned comparing “leasathair<\/strong>” with “leasaitheoir<\/strong>,” just “le haghaidh an chraic<\/strong>.”\u00a0 “Leasathair<\/strong>,” of course, consists of “leas-<\/strong>” + “athair<\/strong>.” “Leasaitheoir<\/strong>,” on the other hand, is based on\u00a0the noun “leas<\/strong>,” which means “curing” in addition to its wide array of other meanings, including\u00a0 “benefit,” “advantage,” and “manure.”\u00a0 The ending “-eoir” is quite common in occupational terms or in names of devices and appliances: m\u00fainteoir, cuisneoir, aisteoir, srl<\/strong>.\u00a0 The following transcription shows the difference:<\/p>\n

leasathair<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS-AH-hirzh<\/sup>], stepfather (the first two syllables are both stressed, as shown by the caps)<\/p>\n

leasaitheoir<\/strong> [Ly<\/sup>ASS-ih-hy<\/sup>orzh<\/sup>], curer (as in leasaitheoir bag\u00fain<\/strong>, bacon curer), only the first syllable is stessed, as shown by the caps.\u00a0 .<\/p>\n

We’ve got one more blogpost in this series, for “stepson” and “stepdaughter,” and that will be the last of the “leas-anna<\/strong>,” at least for a while.\u00a0 Even I’m eager to move on to a few other topics, especially since I’ve got a backlog of around 50 already roughly laid out!\u00a0 HTHed agus SGF — R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nasc: How to Pronounce Irish Words with the \u2018Leas-\u2018 Prefix (Cuid\/Part 1)<\/a> Posted by\u00a0r\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/a>\u00a0on Nov 12, 2016 in\u00a0Irish Language<\/a><\/p>\n

N\u00f3ta (gluais): cigire<\/strong>, inspector; cod\u00e1n<\/strong>, fraction; leasteangeola\u00edocht<\/strong>, remedial linguistics; le haghaidh<\/strong>, for, for the sake of; parathagra<\/strong>, apophasis (lit. para<\/strong>-, para- + tagra<\/strong>, pleading, discussion)\u00a0 — I have to admit this word looks more like a type of Indian yoga than a rhetoric term in Irish, but that’s the case.\u00a0 You say you’re not going to mention something and then you go ahead and mention it!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) In the blogpost for November 12, 2016 (nasc th\u00edos), we looked at various words with the prefix “leas-,” going beyond the typical meaning of “step-” (as in leasdeirfi\u00far and leasdearth\u00e1ir).\u00a0 We got through about half the planned examples, like “leas-” before vowels, as in “leasainm” (nickname) and “leas-” before the consonants “c” and…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":8617,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[474632,474629,474630,474612,474624,474625,474628,474627,474626,474623,474631,2418,11263],"class_list":["post-8614","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-apophasis","tag-codan","tag-fraction","tag-leas","tag-leasaitheoir","tag-leasathair","tag-leaschodan","tag-leasdearthair","tag-leasdeirfiur","tag-manure","tag-parathagra","tag-prefix","tag-stress"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t