{"id":943,"date":"2011-06-03T20:23:06","date_gmt":"2011-06-03T20:23:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=943"},"modified":"2017-04-01T12:44:01","modified_gmt":"2017-04-01T12:44:01","slug":"an-iarmhir-%e2%80%9c-ach%e2%80%9d-sa-chuigiu-diochlaonadh-beoir-beer-vs-beorach-of-beer-srl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/an-iarmhir-%e2%80%9c-ach%e2%80%9d-sa-chuigiu-diochlaonadh-beoir-beer-vs-beorach-of-beer-srl\/","title":{"rendered":"An Iarmh\u00edr \u201c-ach\u201d sa Ch\u00faigi\u00fa D\u00edochlaonadh: Beoir (Beer) vs. Beorach (of Beer), srl."},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

We\u2019ve recently seen one pattern for the 5th<\/sup> category of Irish nouns (an c\u00faigi\u00fa d\u00edochlaonadh), <\/strong>which involved dropping the \u201ci\u201d of words like m\u00e1thair, athair, dearth\u00e1ir, <\/strong>and br\u00e1thair.<\/strong><\/p>\n

As you may recall, that change results in phrases like the following (aistri\u00fach\u00e1in th\u00edos):<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) gach mac m\u00e1thar<\/strong><\/p>\n

b) in ainm an Athar<\/strong><\/p>\n

c) carr an dearth\u00e1r<\/strong><\/p>\n

d) Cill an Bhr\u00e1thar, <\/strong>as in the place names Cill an Bhr\u00e1thar Theas <\/strong>and Cill an Bhr\u00e1thar Thuaidh, <\/strong>both i gContae Chorca\u00ed.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Let\u2019s now look at another pattern for 5th<\/sup>-declension nouns:<\/p>\n

beoir <\/strong>(beer); buid\u00e9al beorach <\/strong>(a bottle of beer); na beoracha <\/strong>(the beers)<\/p>\n

cathair <\/strong>(city); l\u00e1r na cathrach <\/strong>(the center of the city); na cathracha <\/strong>(the cities)<\/p>\n

Here, as you probably noticed, we drop the \u201ci\u201d before the final \u201cr\u201d (\u201cbroadening\u201d the r) and add \u201c-ach<\/strong>\u201d for the genitive singular.\u00a0 This is the form to use for phrases like \u201cof beer\u201d or \u201cof the city.\u201d<\/p>\n

A variation on this pattern adds \u201c-each<\/strong>\u201d and keeps the \u201ci\u201d (keeping the \u201cslenderness\u201d of the \u201cr\u201d)<\/p>\n

cathaoir <\/strong>(chair); luach na cathaoireach <\/strong>(the price of the chair); na cathaoireacha <\/strong>(the chairs)<\/p>\n

In both cases, for the plural, we keep the \u201c-ach\/-each\u201d <\/strong>ending and add a suffix (\u201c-a\u201d) to it.\u00a0 Suffixing the suffix!<\/p>\n

While this pattern enables us to make some predictions for other 5th<\/sup>-declension nouns, it\u2019s not as though there\u2019s any magic formula that would enable learners to experience constant \u201cn\u00f3im\u00e9id\u00ed hah\u00e1<\/strong>.\u201d\u00a0 For examples, just by learning the pattern for \u201ccathair<\/strong>,\u201d you can\u2019t apply that wholesale to \u201ccathaoir<\/strong>,\u201d since \u201ccathaoir<\/strong>\u201d retains its full second syllable (-aoir<\/strong>), while \u201ccathair<\/strong>\u201d gets shortened.\u00a0 You may well have seen the phrase \u201cl\u00e1r na cathrach<\/strong>,\u201d referring to the \u201ccity center.\u201d\u00a0 Did you also notice that the letters \u201c-ai-\u201c had been dropped, leaving us with \u201ccathrach<\/strong>\u201d?<\/p>\n

Care to try the following?\u00a0 Freagra\u00ed th\u00edos.<\/strong><\/p>\n

nathair <\/strong>(snake); goineoga na __________ <\/strong>(of the snake, singular); na <\/strong>_____________ (plural)<\/p>\n

uimhir <\/strong>(number); de r\u00e9ir na ___________ adamha\u00ed <\/strong>(of the atomic number, singular); na ____________ <\/strong>(plural)<\/p>\n

And this one might be quite familiar.\u00a0 It follows the same pattern, even though the ending is \u201c-in\u201d <\/strong>instead of \u201c-ir.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

traein <\/strong>(a train),<\/p>\n

an st\u00e1isi\u00fan _______________ <\/strong>(the train station)<\/p>\n

na _______________ <\/strong>(the trains)<\/p>\n

Another \u201c-in\u201d <\/strong>example, this time a two-syllable noun keeping its middle syllable (like \u201ccathaoir\u201d<\/strong>), thank you very much!\u00a0 But, fainic (!), <\/strong>there is \u201cleathn\u00fa\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

cor\u00f3in\u00a0<\/strong>(a crown, either the royal headgear, or the crown coin, in use pre-decimalization)<\/p>\n

bonn _______________ <\/strong>(a crown coin, i.e. a five-shilling piece)<\/p>\n

na ________________ <\/strong>(the crowns)<\/p>\n

That\u2019s it for this sub-pattern, at least for now.\u00a0 Unless I hear some clamoring for sampla\u00ed le \u201ccabhail,\u201d \u201ccr\u00e1in,\u201d agus \u201csi\u00far,\u201d agus a leith\u00e9id\u00ed.\u00a0 SGF, \u00f3 R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aistri\u00fach\u00e1in: <\/strong>a) every mother\u2019s son, lit. every son of a mother; b) in the name of the Father; c) the car of the brother; d) Killabraher South and Killabraher North.\u00a0 Notice how the anglicized versions of the place name \u201cKillabraher\u201d reflect the pronunciation of the \u201c-th-\u201c in the Irish itself (-aher, with the \u201c-t-\u201c of \u201cbhr\u00e1thar<\/strong>\u201d completely silent).\u00a0 <\/strong>Technically, I suppose we\u2019d have to say that \u201cKillabraher<\/strong>\u201d is the anglicization<\/em> of \u201cCill an Bhr\u00e1thar,\u201d <\/strong>not the translation<\/em>, which would be \u201cthe cell of the brother, the brother\u2019s cell).\u00a0 In theory, we might find \u201c-vraher\u201d in this anglicization, not \u201c-braher,\u201d since the original \u201cbr\u201d has become \u201cbhr,\u201d pronounced \u201cvr\u201d in Irish, but that degree of matching up doesn\u2019t always occur in the anglicized versions.<\/p>\n

Fuaimni\u00fa na bhFr\u00e1sa\u00ed Thuas:<\/strong><\/p>\n

a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [gahkh mahk MAW-hur]<\/p>\n

b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [in AN-yim un AH-hur]<\/p>\n

c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [kahr uh DJAR-hawr] or [kahr un DJAR-hawr]<\/p>\n

d)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [kill uh VRAW-hur] or [kill un VRAW-hur]<\/p>\n

Why two pronunciations for examples c) and d)?\u00a0 When the word \u201can\u201d <\/strong>occurs in the middle of phrases like \u201cbean an t\u00ed,\u201d \u201cfear an t\u00ed,\u201d \u201cbean an leanna,\u201d <\/strong>or examples c) and d) above, the \u201cn\u201d sound is typically dropped, unless one is trying to articulate very thoroughly.\u00a0 So, for these additional three examples, we get the following pronunciations, all with [uh] instead of [un]:<\/p>\n

[ban-uh-TEE], meaning \u201cthe woman of the house\u201d<\/p>\n

[far-uh-TEE], meaning, \u201cthe man of the house\u201d<\/p>\n

[ban-uh-LYAN-uh], meaning \u201cthe woman of the ale,\u201d i.e. a barmaid or an alewife.\u00a0 That is to say, an \u201calewife\u201d of the human type, not the ichthyic type, for which the Alewife Brook Parkway in Massachusetts is named.\u00a0 That would be a \u201csead al\u00f3sach<\/strong>\u201d in Irish, which would be another \u201ckettle of fish\u201d altogether.<\/p>\n

This rule changes when the word following \u201can\u201d <\/strong>begins with a vowel, as in:<\/p>\n

in ainm an Athar<\/strong><\/p>\n

i gcarr an athar <\/strong>[i gahr un AH-hur], in the car of the father<\/p>\n

\u201cR\u201d scorna\u00ed an Albanaigh\u201d <\/strong>[arr SKOR-nee un AHL-uh-bun-ee], the Scotsman\u2019s burr, lit. the \u201cthroat-R\u201d of the Scotsman<\/p>\n

Freagra\u00ed: goineoga na nathrach, na nathracha; de r\u00e9ir na huimhreach adamha\u00ed; na huimhreacha; an st\u00e1isi\u00fan traenach, na traenacha; bonn cor\u00f3nach, na cor\u00f3nacha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gluais: adamhach, <\/strong>atomic; al\u00f3sach<\/strong>, allis or allice, as in the type of shad known as \u201calewife,\u201d (Alosa pseudoharengus<\/em>); goineog, <\/strong>fang (of a snake); hah\u00e1!, <\/strong>aha!; leann<\/strong>, ale; leathn\u00fa<\/strong>, broadening; scornach, <\/strong>throat; sead<\/strong>, shad<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) We\u2019ve recently seen one pattern for the 5th category of Irish nouns (an c\u00faigi\u00fa d\u00edochlaonadh), which involved dropping the \u201ci\u201d of words like m\u00e1thair, athair, dearth\u00e1ir, and br\u00e1thair. As you may recall, that change results in phrases like the following (aistri\u00fach\u00e1in th\u00edos): a) gach mac m\u00e1thar b) in ainm an Athar c) carr…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[460724,460718,460717,460716,460719,460715,4176,4236,4239,460725,4337,207345,207346,4420,283126,460743,8168,32975,460736,460737,460738,32985,32987,460739,460744,460745,460741,460740,460729,460730,460726,278784,460742,2135,460720,9759,290017,460727,460721,6022,6025,6222,32984,32986,460731,298415,9509,460722,460723,282944,304806,332004,7118,7119,460733,460734,460735,2588,7231,460732,7233],"class_list":["post-943","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-adamhach","tag-alewife","tag-allice","tag-allis","tag-alosa-pseudoharengus","tag-alosach","tag-anglicization","tag-athair","tag-athar","tag-atomic","tag-beoir","tag-beorach","tag-beoracha","tag-bonn","tag-brathair","tag-brathar","tag-cabhail","tag-cathair","tag-cathaoir","tag-cathaoireach","tag-cathaoireacha","tag-cathrach","tag-cathracha","tag-chorcai","tag-cill-an-bhrathar","tag-contae","tag-corcai","tag-corcaigh","tag-coroin","tag-coronacha","tag-crain","tag-dearthair","tag-dearthar","tag-fish","tag-goineog","tag-in-ainm-an-athar","tag-in-the-name-of-the-father","tag-killabraher","tag-leathnu","tag-mathair","tag-mathar","tag-nathair","tag-nathrach","tag-nathracha","tag-noimeidi-haha","tag-north","tag-scornach","tag-sead","tag-shad","tag-siur","tag-south","tag-theas","tag-throat","tag-thuaidh","tag-traein","tag-traenach","tag-traenacha","tag-translation","tag-uimhir","tag-uimhreach","tag-uimhreacha"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=943"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9030,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/943\/revisions\/9030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}