{"id":9657,"date":"2017-09-20T18:42:42","date_gmt":"2017-09-20T18:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/?p=9657"},"modified":"2017-09-29T12:23:21","modified_gmt":"2017-09-29T12:23:21","slug":"creathanna-talun-earthquakes-some-irish-words-for-discussing-their-magnitude-meideanna-and-impact-iarmhairti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/irish\/creathanna-talun-earthquakes-some-irish-words-for-discussing-their-magnitude-meideanna-and-impact-iarmhairti\/","title":{"rendered":"Creathanna Tal\u00fan (Earthquakes): Some Irish Words for Discussing Their Magnitude (M\u00e9ideanna) and Impact (Iarmhairt\u00ed)"},"content":{"rendered":"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

I note, with sadness, yet another tubaiste n\u00e1d\u00fartha<\/strong>, the calamity in Mexico (an matalang i Meicsiceo<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

You might remember that we dealt with creathanna tal\u00fan<\/strong> earlier in this series (nasc th\u00edos<\/strong>), when a “crith tal\u00fan<\/strong>” struck the island of “H\u00e1\u00edt\u00ed.”\u00a0 <\/strong>That blogpost taught some of the relevant vocabulary for discussing creathanna tal\u00fan<\/strong>, such as “an t-eipeal\u00e1r<\/strong>” and “an riosca seismeach<\/strong>” (m\u00ednithe th\u00edos<\/strong>).\u00a0 An uair seo, ba \u00e9 Meicsiceo a bualadh, go h\u00e1irithe Cathair Mheicsiceo.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Today’s post presents an interesting graphic showing the impact of earthquakes in cost and time, according to their size on the Richter scale. Translating it into Irish was more challenging than I initially expected, since the English version makes a specific distinction between “disaster” and “catastrophe,” with “catastrophe” (over 1000 deaths) being worse than “disaster” (10 to 1000 deaths).\u00a0 But in Irish, most of the words for “catastrophe” can also be translated as “disaster,” so there’s no specific distinction.\u00a0 Therefore, this translation uses the traditional Irish pattern of adding an intensifier (in this case, “m\u00f3r-<\/strong>“) as a prefix, making the third category (m\u00f3rthubaiste<\/strong>) more extreme and intense than the second category (tubaiste).<\/p>\n

Let’s take a closer look at these and some other words in the graphic:<\/p>\n

First, “earthquake” itself, which is two separate words in Irish:<\/p>\n

crith tal\u00fan,<\/strong> an earthquake, lit. “quake \/ shiver \/ vibration \/ tremor of land”; gs: creatha tal\u00fan, of an earthquake, creathanna tal\u00fan, earthquakes<\/p>\n

Next, some of the words used to create the chart:<\/p>\n

catag\u00f3ir<\/strong>, category, an chatag\u00f3ir, gs: na catag\u00f3ire, pl: na catag\u00f3ir\u00ed<\/p>\n

tarl\u00faint<\/strong>, incident, an tarl\u00faint, gs: na tarl\u00fainte, pl: na tarl\u00faint\u00ed<\/p>\n

iarmhairt<\/strong>, effect, consequence, repercussion, and, sometimes, interestingly, aftershock\/aftereffect, although in the strictly geological sense, that would be, quite logically, “iarchrith”; an iarmhairt, gs: na hiarmharta, pl: na hiarmhairt\u00ed<\/p>\n

cur isteach<\/strong>, disruption, also and probably more commonly, “interruption” or “disturbance”; an cur isteach, gs: an chuir isteach; this phrase appears to have no plural.\u00a0 The genitive singular form, “an chuir isteach,” isn’t very widely used, in my experience, but it can show up in phrases like “le linn an chuir isteach” (during the …), “c\u00e9im an chuir isteach” (the degree of the …), “de bharr an chuir isteach” (as a result of …), “i bhfianaise an chuir isteach” (in view of …), “uaini\u00fa an chuir isteach” (the timing of the …), “in aghaidh an chuir isteach” (against the …), and “\u00edoslaghd\u00fa an chuir isteach” (“lessening the …).\u00a0 That pretty much accounts for all the samples I found online, a total of about ten, with a few duplicates.<\/p>\n

tubaiste<\/strong>, disaster, catastrophe, calamity, tragedy, an tubaiste, gs: na tubaiste, pl: na tubaist\u00ed<\/p>\n

m\u00f3rthubaiste<\/strong>, major disaster, catastrophe, an mh\u00f3rthubaiste, gs: na m\u00f3rthubaiste, pl: na m\u00f3rthubaist\u00ed. \u00a0Pronunciation note: remember, the “t” is now silent, since it’s “lenited.”<\/p>\n

Here are some additional words for “disaster,” but they don’t seem to be used so much in scientific contexts:<\/p>\n

anachain<\/strong>, disaster, also calamity, harm, loss, mischance, trouble<\/p>\n

matalang<\/strong>, disaster, also calamity or catastrophe<\/p>\n

A few more ways to intensify “tubaiste<\/strong>” include “tubaiste amach is amach<\/strong>” (an “out-and-out” disaster) and “tubaiste gan aon ag\u00f3<\/strong>” (lit. a disaster without any doubt \/ objection \/ condition”).<\/p>\n

It’s also interesting to consider some other words for “catastrophe,” most notably “catastr\u00f3f<\/strong>.”\u00a0 Seeing the obvious cognate, one might think that would be the best choice for the earthquake chart.\u00a0 But the Irish word “catastr\u00f3f” is primarily used in discussing literature, especially Greek drama.\u00a0 It’s not unusual to find that a word that seems like an obvious cognate isn’t used in Irish as broadly as it might be in English; another example is “individual,” with the very Irish terms “aonair” or “ar leith” being typically used, but with the word “indibhidi\u00fail” available for scientific or philosophical contexts like adaimh (atoms), tr\u00e9ithe (characteristics), or freagracht (responsibility).<\/p>\n

Two more words for “catastrophe” are “eirleach<\/strong>” and “turraing<\/strong>,” but these are less applicable to our current project.\u00a0 “Eirleach<\/strong>” also means “carnage,” “slaughter,” “destruction,” and “havoc.”\u00a0 “Turraing”<\/strong> also means “attack,” “thrust,” “stumble,” “lurch,” and “electric shock.”<\/p>\n

The ultimate take-away point for today’s blogpost?\u00a0 The basic term “crith tal\u00fan<\/strong>” and a caveat that translating is rarely easy or straightforward.\u00a0 Almost every word has a range of meanings and the challenge is to pick the best one(s) for the specific purpose.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1 t\u00e1 smaoineamh eile ar na haistri\u00fach\u00e1in ag daoine ar bith ar an liosta seo, go m\u00f3r m\u00f3r, ag geolaithe ar bith a bhfuil Gaeilge acu, bheadh suim mh<\/strong>\u00f3r agam a mbar\u00falacha a chluinstin.\u00a0 D\u00e1la an sc\u00e9il, aon duine \u00f3 Mheicsiceo? \u00a0M\u00e1 t\u00e1, t\u00e1 s\u00fail agam go bhfuil tusa is do mhuintir ceart go leor. \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00e1 s\u00fail agam go raibh an bhlagmh\u00edr seo \u00fas\u00e1ideach c\u00e9 go bhfuil an d\u00fabhr\u00f3n orm gurbh \u00e1bhar smaoinimh reatha \u00e9. SGF — R\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n

PS: If you want to see the original graphic in English, it’s in Wikimedia Commons (nasc thuas, sa ghrafaic)<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00ednithe na bhfocal <\/strong>“eipeal\u00e1r<\/strong>“ agus <\/strong>“riosca seismeach<\/strong>“: epicenter; seismic risk<\/p>\n

Nasc:<\/strong>\u00a0Trag\u00f3id i H\u00e1\u00edt\u00ed: An Crith Tal\u00fan<\/a> Posted by\u00a0r\u00f3isl\u00edn<\/a>\u00a0on Jan 15, 2010 in\u00a0Irish Language<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"

(le R\u00f3isl\u00edn) I note, with sadness, yet another tubaiste n\u00e1d\u00fartha, the calamity in Mexico (an matalang i Meicsiceo). You might remember that we dealt with creathanna tal\u00fan earlier in this series (nasc th\u00edos), when a “crith tal\u00fan” struck the island of “H\u00e1\u00edt\u00ed.”\u00a0 That blogpost taught some of the relevant vocabulary for discussing creathanna tal\u00fan, such…<\/p>\n

Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":9659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3898],"tags":[4832],"class_list":["post-9657","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-irish-language","tag-crith-talun"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t