{"id":163,"date":"2009-12-28T10:28:55","date_gmt":"2009-12-28T14:28:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/japanese\/?p=163"},"modified":"2009-12-28T10:28:55","modified_gmt":"2009-12-28T14:28:55","slug":"%e3%81%82%e3%82%8a%e3%81%be%e3%81%99-versus-%e3%81%84%e3%81%be%e3%81%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/japanese\/%e3%81%82%e3%82%8a%e3%81%be%e3%81%99-versus-%e3%81%84%e3%81%be%e3%81%99\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 versus \u3044\u307e\u3059"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> can be used to indicate that something “is” or “exists” at a certain location. For example, \u3042\u305d\u3053\u3000\u306b<\/strong>\u3000\u3073\u3087\u3046\u3044\u3093\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = There’s a hospital over there. (\u3042\u305d\u3053<\/strong> = over there. \u306b<\/strong> = ni particle. \u3073\u3087\u3046\u3044\u3093<\/strong> = hospital. \u304c<\/strong> = ga particle. \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = there is.) There are a couple of things to note here. The \u304c<\/strong> particle was used instead of \u306f<\/strong>. So the general formula you use to say, “there are\/there is” something is: place + \u304c<\/strong> + \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong>. Secondly, \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> can only be used for non livng things like a hospital. You can’t use \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> for people. For people you use \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Here’s a sentence using \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>: \u3042\u305d\u3053\u3000\u306b\u3000\u3044\u3057\u3083\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = There is a doctor over there. (\u3042\u305d\u3053<\/strong> = over there. \u306b<\/strong> = ni particle. \u3044\u3057\u3083<\/strong> = doctor. \u304c<\/strong> = ga particle. \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = there is.) Notice that even when we’re using \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>, the same general forumla is used: person + \u304c<\/strong> + \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>. Generally \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 <\/strong>is used for non living or inanimate things like places, objects and abstract concepts\u00a0like freedom, \u00a0while \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> is used for living things like people and animals. \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> and \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> can also be used to indicate that someone owns something or that someone has something.<\/p>\n

In this question, “\u306b\u3082\u3064\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong>” someone may be asking, “[Do you] have [your] luggage?”. (\u306b\u3082\u3064<\/strong> = luggage.\u3000\u304c<\/strong> = ga particle.\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = have. \u304b = <\/strong>question marking particle.) You can also use this with more intangible thinks like dreams: “\u3086\u3081\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong>” = I have a dream. (\u3086\u3081<\/strong> = dream.\u3000\u304c<\/strong> = ga particle.\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> = have.) You can also indicate that you don’t have something by using \u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/strong> in place of \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong>. One of the errors some people make is to use \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong>\/\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> to transcribe the meaning “is” in Japanese. Remember from the beginning of this blog\u00a0we talked about how \u3067\u3059<\/strong> can mean “is” as well.<\/p>\n

It’s correct to say, “\u305b\u3093\u305b\u3044\u3000\u306f\u3000\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3058\u3093\u3067\u3059<\/strong>” or The teacher is a Japanese person. (\u305b\u3093\u305b\u3044<\/strong> = teacher.\u3000\u306f<\/strong> = wa particle.\u3000\u306b\u307b\u3093\u3058\u3093<\/strong> = Japanese person. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.) You can’t use \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> here because you technically can’t “own” or “have Japanese ethnicity” but you can certaintly “be” of Japanese descent. Like in the sentence above, \u3067\u3059<\/strong> is used to describe a characteristic of a person or thing. However, \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/strong> and \u3044\u307e\u3059<\/strong> is used to describe the existence or the location of a person or thing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 can be used to indicate that something “is” or “exists” at a certain location. For example, \u3042\u305d\u3053\u3000\u306b\u3000\u3073\u3087\u3046\u3044\u3093\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 = There’s a hospital over there. (\u3042\u305d\u3053 = over there. \u306b = ni particle. \u3073\u3087\u3046\u3044\u3093 = hospital. \u304c = ga particle. \u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059 = there is.) There are a couple of things to note here. The \u304c particle…<\/p>\n

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