{"id":173,"date":"2010-01-19T17:16:38","date_gmt":"2010-01-19T21:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/japanese\/?p=173"},"modified":"2010-01-19T17:16:38","modified_gmt":"2010-01-19T21:16:38","slug":"exceptions-with-%e3%81%84-and-%e3%81%aa-adjectives","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/japanese\/exceptions-with-%e3%81%84-and-%e3%81%aa-adjectives\/","title":{"rendered":"Exceptions with \u3044 and \u306a Adjectives"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3044\u3044<\/strong> (good)\u00a0which is an \u3044<\/strong> adjective, is irregular, but only in certain cases.<\/p>\n

For example, in the present affirmative polite, \u3044\u3044<\/strong> will be \u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/strong><\/p>\n

However in the present negative polite, \u3044\u3044<\/strong> will be \u3088\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093<\/strong><\/p>\n

Similarly, in the past affirmative polite, \u00a0\u3044\u3044<\/strong> will be \u3088\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059<\/strong><\/p>\n

And the past negative polite, it will be \u3088\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f<\/strong><\/p>\n

When using \u3044<\/strong> adjectives, you can place the adjective before the noun:<\/p>\n

\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3000\u3044\u3044\u3000\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u3067\u3059<\/strong> = This is good coffee.<\/p>\n

(\u3053\u308c<\/strong> = this. \u306f<\/strong> =\u00a0subject marking\u00a0particle.\u3000\u3044\u3044<\/strong> = good\u3000\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc <\/strong>= coffee. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.)<\/p>\n

You can also place an \u3044<\/strong> adjective after the noun it modifies:<\/p>\n

\u305d\u306e\u3000\u307f\u305a\u306f\u3000\u3064\u3081\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/strong> = That water is cold.<\/p>\n

(\u305d\u306e<\/strong> = that.\u3000\u307f\u305a<\/strong> = water. \u306f<\/strong> = subject marking particle.\u3000\u3064\u3081\u305f\u3044<\/strong> = cold. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.)<\/p>\n

Like with \u3044<\/strong> adjectives, you place \u306a<\/strong> adjectives before nouns:<\/p>\n

\u3052\u3093\u304d\u306a\u3000\u3072\u3068\u3067\u3059<\/strong> =\u00a0[He\/She’s] a lively\/energetic person<\/p>\n

(\u3052\u3093\u304d\u306a <\/strong>= lively\/energetic.\u3000\u3072\u3068<\/strong> = person. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.)<\/p>\n

However, when \u306a<\/strong> adjectives come after a noun, leave off the \u306a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u304b\u308c\u306f\u3000\u3073\u3093\u307c\u3046\u3067\u3059<\/strong> = He’s poor<\/p>\n

(\u304b\u308c<\/strong> = he. \u306f<\/strong> = subject marking particle.\u3000\u3073\u3093\u307c\u3046<\/strong> = poor. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.\u00a0)<\/p>\n

\u306a<\/strong> adjectives are considered quasi adjectival nouns and that’s why the \u306a<\/strong> is left off after the noun.<\/p>\n

When you have a situation like this, how do you know whether the adjective is an \u3044<\/strong> or \u306a<\/strong> adjective?<\/p>\n

\u306f\u306a\u306f\u3000\u304d\u308c\u3044\u3067\u3059<\/strong> = The flower is pretty<\/p>\n

(\u306f\u306a<\/strong> = flower. \u306f<\/strong> = subject marking particle.\u3000\u304d\u308c\u3044<\/strong> = pretty. \u3067\u3059<\/strong> = is.)<\/p>\n

The answer is that you just have to memorize that \u3044\u308c\u3044<\/strong>(\u306a<\/strong>) is a \u306a<\/strong> adjective. Luckily there aren’t that many adjectives that are ambiguous as \u3044\u308c\u3044<\/strong>(\u306a<\/strong>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u3044\u3044 (good)\u00a0which is an \u3044 adjective, is irregular, but only in certain cases. For example, in the present affirmative polite, \u3044\u3044 will be \u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059 However in the present negative polite, \u3044\u3044 will be \u3088\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 Similarly, in the past affirmative polite, \u00a0\u3044\u3044 will be \u3088\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3059 And the past negative polite, it will be \u3088\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f When using…<\/p>\n

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