We’re going to take on more subjects and nouns. First take a look at these words:<\/p>\n
Sum<\/strong> = I am<\/p>\n Es<\/strong> = you are<\/p>\n Est<\/strong> = his is, she is, it is<\/p>\n Now try translating these sentences.<\/p>\n (1) Est am\u012bcus<\/strong>. (am\u012bcus<\/strong> = friend)<\/p>\n (2) Es dominus<\/strong>. (dominus<\/strong> = lord, master of the house)<\/p>\n (3) Est f\u0113mina<\/strong>. (f\u0113mina<\/strong> = woman, wife)<\/p>\n (4) Sum Cornelia<\/strong>. (Cornelia = Cornelia)<\/p>\n “Est” by itself is ambiguous. However, with context, it can become a little more clear as to the gender of “Est”. In the first sentence, unless specified, “Est” will be translated as “He is”. We won’t go into this in this post, but am\u012bcus is in the masculine singular. That information makes it more likely that “Est” is a “he” instead of a “she” or “it”. In the third sentence, “Est” serves as a “she” because it doesn’t make much sense to say, “He is a woman”. With the second sentence, be careful. The pronoun used was “Es” not “Est”, which makes the sentence, “You are the master of the house”.<\/p>\n The fourth sentence contains a common proper name used for Roman matrons. We’ll see more examples below. See if you can translate the following:<\/p>\n (1) Magister sum<\/strong>. (magister<\/strong> = teacher)<\/p>\n (2) Deus es<\/strong>. (deus<\/strong> = god, deity)<\/p>\n (3) Adul\u0113sc\u0113ns est<\/strong>. (adul\u0113sc\u0113ns = young man or woman, youth)<\/p>\n Did you notice anything strange about the word order? In Latin, you don’t have to place the pronoun at the beginning of a sentence. “Magister sum” contains the same meaning as “Sum magister”. In other words they both mean, “I am a teacher”. Also, for the third sentence, unless otherwise indicated, “Adul\u0113sc\u0113ns est” will probably be translated as “He is a young man”. In Latin, the masculine is usually chosen when there is no clear indication of gender.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" We’re going to take on more subjects and nouns. First take a look at these words: Sum = I am Es = you are Est = his is, she is, it is Now try translating these sentences. (1) Est am\u012bcus. (am\u012bcus = friend) (2) Es dominus. (dominus = lord, master of the house) (3) Est…<\/p>\n