{"id":1806,"date":"2012-04-26T15:09:49","date_gmt":"2012-04-26T15:09:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=1806"},"modified":"2012-05-01T15:11:51","modified_gmt":"2012-05-01T15:11:51","slug":"relative-interrogative-indefinite-other-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/relative-interrogative-indefinite-other-pronouns\/","title":{"rendered":"Relative, interrogative-indefinite & other pronouns"},"content":{"rendered":"

Relative pronouns<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

Singular<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Plural<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Masculine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Feminine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Neuter<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Masculine<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Feminine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Neuter<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Nominative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

qui<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quod<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

qui<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Accusative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

quem<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quam<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quod<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quos<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quas<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Genitive<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

cuius<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quorum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quarum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quorum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Dative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

cui<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quibus<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Ablative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

quo<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

qua<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quo<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quibus<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The relative pronoun’s only function is the phoric, as it always refers to the antecedent, with which it agrees in gender and number.<\/p>\n

The main use of the relative pronoun is the nexus for introducing subordinate adjective or relative clauses.<\/p>\n

Sallutius bellum scripsit quod Populus Romanus cum Iugurtha fecit<\/em> = Sallust wrote the war that Roman people made against Jugurtha<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Interrogative-indefinite pronouns<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

Singular<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Plural<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Masculine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Feminine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Neuter<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Masculine<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Feminine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Neuter<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Nominative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

quis (qui)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quid (quod)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

qui<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Accusative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

quem<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quam<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quid (quod)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quos<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Genitive<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

cuius<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quorum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quarum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quorum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Dative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

cui<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quibus<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Ablative<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n\n

quo<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

qua<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quo<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

quibus<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The interrogative pronoun-adjective (who<\/em>, what<\/em>) and the indefinite pronoun (someone<\/em>, somethin<\/em>g) are identically declined, with the exception that the indefinite adds two more ways: qua<\/strong><\/em>, in the feminine singular nominative form, and also qua<\/em><\/strong> in the neuter plural nominative. Except in some forms of the nominative, its decline is exactly equal to the relative pronoun.<\/p>\n

As for the role of the interrogative pronoun, there are two possibilities: a) phoric function<\/strong>, it points to the answer, b) negative emphatic function<\/strong>, because it marks the indeterminacy of the subject that makes the question.<\/p>\n

It is said that the quis, quid<\/em><\/strong> forms of the singular masculine and neuter are used as interrogative pronouns, while forms qui, quod<\/strong><\/em> appear as interrogative adjectives:<\/p>\n

Quis venit?<\/em> = Who came?<\/p>\n

Qui servus venit?<\/em> = What slave came?<\/p>\n

Quid accidit?<\/em> = What happens?<\/p>\n

Quod templum ruit?<\/em> = What temple is collapsing?<\/p>\n

El pronombre interrogativo se usa para introducir tanto interrogativas directas (sirvan de ejemplo las frases anteriores) como interrogativas subordinadas o indirectas:<\/p>\n

Nescio quis venerit<\/em> = I don’t know who’s come<\/p>\n

The indefinite pronoun quis<\/strong><\/em>‘ main role is the emphatic negative function, as it marks the indeterminacy of the sender. Some may also have indefinite phoric function as alius<\/strong><\/em> and alter<\/strong><\/em>, which refer to things or beings already mentioned or known.<\/p>\n

This indefinite quis<\/strong><\/em> is less used than some of its compound forms (aliqui<\/strong>s<\/strong><\/em>), and often appears as a subjunctive function behind si<\/strong><\/em>, nisi<\/strong><\/em>, ne<\/strong><\/em> and interrogative particle num<\/strong><\/em>:<\/p>\n

Si quis hoc dicit, errat<\/em> = if someone says that, he is wrong<\/p>\n

Si qui mihi deus vestram ad me audiendum benevolentiam conciliarit…<\/em> = if some god grant me your willingness to listen to me…<\/p>\n

Caveant consules ne quid detrimenti res publica capiat<\/em> = consuls may take care that the republic will not be damaged<\/p>\n

Other indefinite pronouns<\/h2>\n

Pronounds compound from quis<\/em>:<\/h3>\n