{"id":1991,"date":"2012-08-13T20:16:48","date_gmt":"2012-08-13T20:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=1991"},"modified":"2012-08-13T20:16:48","modified_gmt":"2012-08-13T20:16:48","slug":"syntax-nominative-vocative-and-accusative-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-nominative-vocative-and-accusative-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Syntax: nominative, vocative and accusative I"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Nominative<\/h2>\n<p>Nominative is the case of subject&#8217;s personal verb forms, and therefore of everything concerning the subject.<br \/>\n<em> <strong>Caesar<\/strong> venit.<\/em><br \/>\n<em> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong> Puer<\/strong> est <strong>laetus<\/strong>.<\/em><br \/>\n<em> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Hannibal pr\u012bmus<\/strong> in proelium \u012bbat<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>ITt serves to &#8216;name&#8217; (<em>n\u014dmin\u0101re<\/em>), the nominative is used in conjunction with <em>de + ablative<\/em>, for book titles:<\/p>\n<p><em> Bellum civ\u012ble.<\/em><br \/>\n<em> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coni\u016br\u0101ti\u014d Catilinae.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>From this value derives also the exclamation nominative, alternating with the accusative form: <em>Fabulae!, Nugae!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Vocative<\/h2>\n<p>The vocative is the case of the person questioned: it is used to call the attention of another person. We must remember that, except nouns of the second declension finished in <em>-us<\/em>, the vocative is always like the nominative.<\/p>\n<div>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Conficior enim maer\u014dre, <strong>mea Terentia<\/strong>.<\/em><\/div>\n<div><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Salv\u0113, <strong>alumnule<\/strong>.<\/em><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Learn Latin Vocative Case\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PTz0upwQaF4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2>Accusative<\/h2>\n<p>The accusative case is used to designate the primary purpose or the result of the verbal action. From this general sense are deducted particular uses of the accusative, which will be summarized in the following lines:<\/p>\n<h3>Direct object:<\/h3>\n<p>The accusative case is used to express the direct object of transitive verbs (or used transitively).<\/p>\n<p><em> Brutus <strong>epistulam<\/strong> ad am\u012bcum m\u012bsit.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Milit\u0113s <strong>pontem<\/strong> fec\u0113runt.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Direction accusative:<\/h3>\n<p>The accusative of direction indicates the destination of the verbal action, responding to the question <em>quo<\/em>. This add-on is constructed in the accusative with or without preposition:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Without a preposition: with names of cities and islands, with nouns as <em>domus<\/em>, <em>humus<\/em> and <em>rus<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0 E\u014d <strong>R\u014dmam<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>With the prepositions <em>in<\/em>, <em>ad<\/em> in other cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Leg\u0101tus <strong>in Hispaniam<\/strong> missus est.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Milit\u0113s <strong>ad oppidum<\/strong> appropinquant.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The preposition <em>&#8220;in&#8221;<\/em> indicates movement into a place, while &#8220;<em>ad<\/em>&#8221; indicates movement to the surroundings, hence, in contexts of hostility.<\/p>\n<p><em> Pedit\u0113s tela <strong>in hostium<\/strong> equit\u0101tum iaciunt.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The preposition ad with ac:cusative can appear with verbs that do not express movement, responding to the ques<em>tion ubi (&#8216;place where&#8217;):<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Ad exercitum<\/strong> man\u0113re.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Exclamation accusative:<\/h3>\n<p>In exclamations, and in concurrence with the nominative, Latin uses the accusative.<\/p>\n<p><em> M\u0113 miserum!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This exclamatory accusative may be accompanied by interjections and, in few occasion, by the enclitic particle-ne:<\/p>\n<p><em>O ist\u012bus <strong>n\u0113quitiam singul\u0101rem<\/strong>!<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Huncine hominem!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nominative Nominative is the case of subject&#8217;s personal verb forms, and therefore of everything concerning the subject. Caesar venit. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Puer est laetus. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hannibal pr\u012bmus in proelium \u012bbat. ITt serves to &#8216;name&#8217; (n\u014dmin\u0101re), the nominative is used in conjunction with de + ablative, for book titles: Bellum civ\u012ble. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-nominative-vocative-and-accusative-i\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3691],"tags":[914,99,60862,60861,7490,8118,3895],"class_list":["post-1991","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-latin-language","tag-accusative","tag-latin","tag-latin-grammar","tag-latin-language-2","tag-nominative","tag-syntax","tag-vocative"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1991"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1993,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1991\/revisions\/1993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}