{"id":2745,"date":"2013-10-30T14:52:43","date_gmt":"2013-10-30T14:52:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=2745"},"modified":"2018-02-08T10:48:32","modified_gmt":"2018-02-08T10:48:32","slug":"how-to-survive-the-ablative-case","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/how-to-survive-the-ablative-case\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Survive the Ablative Case"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 align=\"center\">The Survival Guide to the Uses of the Ablative<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>There are many cases within the Latin language including: <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-nominative-vocative-and-accusative-i\/\" target=\"_blank\">the Nominative<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-accusative-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\">the Accusative<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-genitive\/\" target=\"_blank\">the Genitive <\/a>and <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/syntax-dative\/\" target=\"_blank\">the Dative<\/a>. The last case is call the ablative which has many functions and purpose. This guide consists of all the popular and somewhat unpopular uses of the ablative within Latin literature, epic, and poetry.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Ablative of Separation<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nNouns used with accompanying prepositions of <i>ab\/\u0101\/abs<\/i>, &#8220;from&#8221;; <i>ex\/\u0113<\/i>, &#8220;out of&#8221;; or <i>d\u0113<\/i>, &#8220;down from&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i>ex <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">agr\u012bs<\/span><\/i>, &#8220;from the fields&#8221;<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>\u00a0Ablative Absolute<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ablative Case in Latin Part One: Ablative with Prepositions\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/alxzEmZDA-E?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/h4>\n<p>The circumstances surrounding an action.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Urbe capt\u0101<\/span>, Aen\u0113\u0101s f\u016bgit,<\/i> &#8220;With the city having been captured, Aeneas fled.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Ablative of Origin or Source<\/span><\/b><br \/>\nA type of ablative of seperation, but it<b> <\/b>is used ( without a preposition like: <em>a, ab, e, ex, etc.<\/em>) with verbs (with past participles) indicating origin, descent, or source:<\/p>\n<p>E.g<i>. n\u0101tus <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">genere<\/span> n\u014dbil\u012b\u00a0 <\/i>\u201cborn from a renowned family\u201d \u2014 i.e. \u2018of a renowned family\u2019<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Ablative of Instrument or Means<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ablative of Means or Instrument\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MrlYGypRcMQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/h4>\n<p>The means by which an action was carried out.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">ocul\u012bs<\/span> vid\u0113re<\/i>, &#8220;to see with the eyes&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>\u00a0Ablative of Agent<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe person or object that does a deed.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i>rex a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">militibus<\/span> interfectus est<\/i> &#8220;the king was killed by the soldiers&#8221; with personal agents, but impersonally it reads <i>rex <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">armis<\/span> militum interfectus erat<\/i> &#8220;the king was killed by the weapons of the soldiers.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Ablative of Time &#8220;When&#8221; or &#8220;Within which&#8221;<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe time when or within which an action occurred.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">aest\u0101te<\/span><\/i>, &#8220;in summer&#8221;; <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">e\u014d tempore<\/span><\/i>, &#8220;at that time&#8221;; <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Pauc\u012bs h\u014dr\u012bs<\/span> id faciet<\/i>, &#8220;within a few hours he will do it.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Ablative of Comparison<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nThe the second object being compared, <strong>Y is bigger <i>than X<\/i><\/strong>, is put in the ablative.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i>Haec via longior <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">ill\u00e4<\/span> est<\/i>. This road is longer than that one<i>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Ablative of Degree of Difference<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ablative of Degree of Difference\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ha5WjPvV_lI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nThis is very similar to ablative of comparison, but there are not two objects being compared, but\u00a0only one word of measurement (little, big, small, few, great,etc.) in the ablative<\/p>\n<p>E.g<i>. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Paul\u00f6<\/span> post disc\u00ebssit<\/i>. He left a little later. (\u201cafterward by a little bit\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Ablative of Specification or Respect<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nSometimes, the ablative is used to specify in what respect a statement may or may not be true.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i>Rex <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">nomine<\/span> erat<\/i>. He was king in name (only).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Locative Ablative<\/span><\/b><br \/>\nWith the names of cities (Rome, Athens, Sparta, Brundisium, Alexandria etc) and small islands (Sicily, Crete etc.), the prepositions <b>ad, ab and in <\/b>are not used<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Places <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">from which<\/span>: name in the ablative without ab.<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Brundisio<\/span><\/i>&#8211; from Brundisium\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Athenis<\/span><\/i>&#8211; from Athens<\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Sicilia<\/span><\/i>&#8211; from Sicily<\/p>\n<p>Place <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">in which<\/span>&#8211; this is the locative, and rules vary. (First and second plural, plus third plural- use the ablative)<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Athenis<\/span><\/i>&#8211; in Athens, at Athens<\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Sardibus<\/span><\/i>&#8211; in Sardes, at Sardes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Ablative of Cause<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nThe ablative is often used to explain why something is done, or its &#8220;cause.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>E.g. <i>Hoc f\u00ebc\u00ef <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">am\u00f6re<\/span> vestr\u00ef<\/i>. I did this from (out of, because of) love of you<i>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Ablative of Description<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nA noun in the ablative, accompanied by an adjective, can be used to describe the qualities <i>by which <\/i>a person is characterized. This is sometimes combined with Ablative of Source or Origin.<\/p>\n<p><i>E.g\u00a0 Diod\u014drus, uir <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">summ\u0101<\/span> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">grauit\u0101te<\/span>, maxim\u0113 \u012br\u0101tus est. <\/i>\u201cDiodorus, a man of the utmost dignity, became extremely angry.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>E.g <i>senex <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">c\u0101n\u012bs<\/span> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">capill\u012bs<\/span> et <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">ueste<\/span> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">sordid\u0101<\/span>\u00a0 <\/i>\u201cA man with white hair and unclean garments\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Ablative of Price<\/span> <\/b><br \/>\nAn ablative used to indicate the resources (monetary or other) employed in a purchase:<\/p>\n<p>E.g<i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> mult\u014d<\/span> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">aur\u014d<\/span> hanc aulam \u0113m\u012b. <\/i>\u201cI bought this pot at the cost of much gold.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Ablative with Deponent Verbs<\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ablative with special verbs\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/heKjhPh85VI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nAn instrumental ablative is used with <i>utor, fruor, potior, fungor, uescor, <\/i>and their compounds:<\/p>\n<p>E.g<i><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u00a0h\u012bs uerb\u012bs<\/span> \u016bs\u012b sunt. <\/i>\u201cThey employed these words.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>E.g<i> m\u0101lunt <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u014dti\u014d<\/span> et <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">p\u0101ce<\/span> fru\u012b. <\/i>\u201cThey prefer to enjoy leisure and peace.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A Great Printout for the Ablative can be found <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelatinlibrary.com\/101\/ablative3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Survival Guide to the Uses of the Ablative &nbsp; There are many cases within the Latin language including: the Nominative, the Accusative, the Genitive and the Dative. The last case is call the ablative which has many functions and purpose. This guide consists of all the popular and somewhat unpopular uses of the ablative&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/how-to-survive-the-ablative-case\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2745","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/101"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2745"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4333,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2745\/revisions\/4333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}