{"id":3536,"date":"2014-12-03T20:19:05","date_gmt":"2014-12-03T20:19:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=3536"},"modified":"2014-12-03T20:19:05","modified_gmt":"2014-12-03T20:19:05","slug":"learning-latin-basics-lesson-i-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/learning-latin-basics-lesson-i-a\/","title":{"rendered":"Learning Latin Basics: Lesson I.A"},"content":{"rendered":"

Salvete Omnes,<\/p>\n

The first lesson when it comes to learning a new language is understanding its most used verb: the verb “to be.”\u00a0One must also become accustomed to the sentence structure. So in today’s lesson, we are going to EASE into this language by covering the verb “to be.”<\/p>\n

Learning Latin Basics: Lesson I “To Be”<\/strong><\/p>\n

It should be noted that this verb “to be” is quite irregular. However, I have underlined the endings below that will extend to other verb conjugations- so keep them in mind!<\/p>\n

Basic Verb “I am” or “sum”<\/p>\n

1st person singular (1st s.)= sum\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “I am”<\/p>\n

2nd person singular (2nd s.)= es<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “You are”<\/p>\n

3rd person singular (3rd s.)= est\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “He, She or It is”<\/p>\n

1st person plural (1st pl.)= sumus<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “We are”<\/p>\n

2nd person plural (2nd pl.)=estis<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0“You (a group) are”<\/p>\n

3rd person plural (3rd pl.)=sunt\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0“They, There are”<\/p>\n

I would start to get use to the language used 3rd pl. to\u00a0indicate “They” form , or 1st s. to mean “I” form.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Some Basic Vocabulary:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

filia =daughter\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 puellae=girls\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 me= me<\/p>\n

serua= slave-woman\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pueri= boys\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nemo= no-one<\/p>\n

seruus= slave-man\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ego= I\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0senex= old man<\/p>\n

coquus=cook\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tu= you (nom.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0et= and<\/p>\n

fures= thieves\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0te= you (acc.)<\/p>\n

[The vocabulary chosen was done so for their simplicity and not meant to offend.]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Notes:<\/span><\/p>\n

Verbs are often placed at the end of the sentence. The only time verbs are placed at the beginnings of the sentence is if they are meant to emphasize. Example: \u201csum coquus\u201d I am <\/em>a cook!<\/p>\n

Latin does not have articles: “the, a, or an.” They are simply filled in at the translators discretion. I.E. the example above could be translated \u201csum coquus\u201d could be \u201cI am <\/em>a cook\u201d or \u201cI am<\/em> the cook.\u201d Both are correct.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Exercise1.A English & Latin:<\/span> Please take the time to try these, since practice is the only way to perfect your Latin skills.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. filia sum.<\/li>\n
  2. He is no-one.<\/li>\n
  3. fures estis<\/li>\n
  4. The slave-man is an old man.<\/li>\n
  5. filia et serua estis.<\/li>\n
  6. I am a cook.<\/li>\n
  7. est serua.<\/li>\n
  8. You (pl.) are boys.<\/li>\n
  9. puellae sumus<\/li>\n
  10. te sum et me es.<\/li>\n
  11. They are thieves.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    ANSWERS ARE BELOW WITH EXPLANATIONS……<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Learning Latin Basics: Lesson I <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Answers<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. sum filia. = I am a daughter.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    2. He is no-one. = nemo est.*<\/strong><\/li>\n
    3. fures estis! = You are thieves!<\/strong><\/li>\n
    4. The slave-man is an old man. = Seruus senex est.**<\/strong><\/li>\n
    5. filia et serua estis.= You are a daughter and a woman-slave.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    6. I am a cook.= coquus sum.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    7. est serua. = She is a slave-woman.***<\/strong><\/li>\n
    8. You (pl.) are boys.= pueri estis.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    9. puellae sumus= We are girls.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    10. te sum et me es.= I am you and you are me.<\/strong><\/li>\n
    11. They are thieves. = fures sunt.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      *\u201dNemo est\u201d can also be written \u201cest nemo.\u201d It can mean \u201cHe is no-one\u201d or \u201cShe is no-one\u201d or \u201cIt is no-one;\u201d however, this last example doesn\u2019t make any sense since an \u201cit\u201d is not a person.<\/p>\n

      ** This could be translated as \u201cSeruus senex est\u201d or \u201cSenex seruus est\u201d or \u201cSerrus est senex.\u201d As you can see there are many MANY different ways to translate sentences.<\/p>\n

      *** Unlike example #2, this \u201cest\u201d can only be translated as \u201cShe is,\u201d since \u201cserua\u201d is feminine in meaning and gender. Gender will be addressed in the next post, but in short terms: All nouns have a gender either feminine, masculine, and neuter. Sometimes, the gender is obvious from the meaning of the noun; i.e. serua means slave-woman and is a feminine noun AND seruus means slave-man and is a masculine noun. The gender and case is determined by the endings, which I will address.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Was that fun? Informative? Craving more?\u00a0 Next week, we will cover the 1st and 2nd conjugation verb\u00a0and the 1st and 2nd declension noun along with more sentence exercises.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Salvete Omnes, The first lesson when it comes to learning a new language is understanding its most used verb: the verb “to be.”\u00a0One must also become accustomed to the sentence structure. So in today’s lesson, we are going to EASE into this language by covering the verb “to be.” Learning Latin Basics: Lesson I “To…<\/p>\n

      Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3691],"tags":[60862,60861,3750,3754,3785],"class_list":["post-3536","post","type-post","status-publish","hentry","category-latin-language","tag-latin-grammar","tag-latin-language-2","tag-latin-sentences","tag-latin-vocabulary","tag-third-conjugation-verbs"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t