\u201csum filia\u201d which means \u201cI am a\/the daughter.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u201cSum\u201d is the 1st person singular of the verb meaning \u201cI am.\u201d \u201cFilia is also in the nominative case. This is because the verb \u201cto be\u201d (more on this next month) is a complement to the subject. This will only happen with the verb \u201cto be\u201d in Latin. <\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u201cHabeo aulas coquorum\u201d which means \u201cI have the cooks\u2019 pots\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u201cHabeo\u201d is the 1st person singular meaning \u201cI have\u201d, \u201caulas\u201d is plural accusative meaning \u201cpots\u201d and \u201ccoquorum\u201d is plural genitive meaning \u201cof the cooks.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\nPREPOSITIONS<\/b><\/span><\/p>\nIn English, there are several prepositions that placed in front of nouns like in, into, towards, with, to, about, etc.. In \u00a0Latin,, prepositions require nouns in certain cases. <\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u201cAd + accusative\u201d = Towards<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u201cIn + accusative\u201d \u00a0= into or onto<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u201cIn + ablative\u201d = in or on<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Sentence Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- \u201cCoronas in aula celo\u201d means \u201c I hide the garlands in the pot.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Let\u2019s break it down. \u201cCelo\u201d is a verb meaning \u201cI hide\u201d since it is 1st person singular (again review the previous post about verbs and ending). \u201cCoron<\/span>as <\/b>is a first declension noun because it has an ending with \u201c-as\u201d which is accusative plural which means it is the direct plural object. So far we have – \u201cI hide the garlands\u201d now for the new part \u201cin aula\u201d meaning \u201cin the pot\u201d since aula is the ablative.\u00a0Now I know what some of you are thinking…<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n“It <\/span>could be<\/span><\/i> a nominative” – but the verb does not work for \u201caula\u201d to be the nominative (or subject). If you tried to translate it – it would say <\/span>\u201cA pot, I hide, into the garlands<\/b>\u201d \u00a0which sounds okay in English. <\/span>BUT!!!! \u00a0<\/b>If \u201cAula\u201d is nominative meaning the \u201cI\u201d – then, in the sentence “I”\u00a0is referring to pot as if the pot was alive and could think and hide things. The English sentence I constructed up above makes it sound like \u201cI, a human being, hid a pot into the garlands.\u201d If that was the case the Latin sentence would look like \u201c<\/span>in coronas aulam celo.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\nDid you notice I moved the \u201cin\u201d to be in front of the noun it went with? This will be a common practice for most Latin unless you are doing advanced poetry. So the moral of the story is to pay CLOSE CLOSE CLOSE<\/strong><\/span> attention to the verb ending, the nominative\/subject of the sentence, and all possible cases for verbs. <\/span><\/p>\nThis month\u2019s homework:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\nVocabulary bank:<\/strong><\/p>\nPlease note that nouns are usually shown with the nominative singular endings and then a comma with the genitivie singular endings. 1 stands for first declension and 2 stands for 2nd declension.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n| Aul-a,ae 1st fem. = pot<\/span><\/td>\n | Scaena, ae 1f= stage<\/span><\/td>\n | Et = and<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| Coqu-us, i 2nd mas =cook<\/span><\/td>\n | Sub+ ablative =under<\/span><\/td>\n | Cur = why<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| Clamo = I shout<\/span><\/td>\n | Uoco = I call<\/span><\/td>\n | Sed = but<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| Intro = I enter<\/span><\/td>\n | Timeo = I fear<\/span><\/td>\n | Semper = always<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| Te = you (acc. sing)<\/span><\/td>\n | Si = if<\/span><\/td>\n | Plenus, a, um + genitive = full of<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| Seruus, i 1m= slave-man<\/span><\/td>\n | Serua, ae 1f – salve-woman<\/span><\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Translate from Latin to English<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Coquus aulam filiarum portat.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u00a0Tu clamas, aulas celo. <\/span><\/li>\n
- \u00a0Cur me times?<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u00a0Coronas et aulas coqui celant sub scaena.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u00a0Fila ad scaenam intrat.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Translate from English to Latin<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u00a0They hide the pot, the cooks are afraid.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Why are you carrying the pots?<\/span><\/li>\n
- The pots are full of garlands.<\/span><\/li>\n
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understand. \u00a0Now, in addition to nouns changing their spelling depending on their cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and ablative) – nouns also have genders. This means nouns may be feminine, masculine, or neuter. In terms of noun\u2019s gender – sometimes it is easy to assume such the word daughter in Latin \u201cfilia\u201d is a feminine noun, the word serrus meaning male slave is masculine. Not all nouns are so clear cut as the Latin words for stage \u201cscaena\u201d and garland \u201ccorona\u201d are feminine but both men and women use these items. In addition, neuter noun<\/span>s are difficult to guess like \u201caurum\u201d meaning gold. \u00a0So before you assume you can guess the gender of noun based on it meaning – STOP!<\/strong><\/p>\n