{"id":4762,"date":"2020-09-30T14:58:54","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T14:58:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/?p=4762"},"modified":"2020-09-30T15:01:37","modified_gmt":"2020-09-30T15:01:37","slug":"latin-grammar-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/latin-grammar-pronouns\/","title":{"rendered":"Latin Grammar: Pronouns"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Salvete Omnes,<\/p>\n<p>Let us return to some basics. In preparation for some future translations, let us review the Latin Pronouns.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4666\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter post-item__attachment\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4666\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4666\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/09\/Fasti_Antiates_maiores_-_zoom-350x281.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/09\/Fasti_Antiates_maiores_-_zoom-350x281.jpg 350w, https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2019\/09\/Fasti_Antiates_maiores_-_zoom.jpg 524w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4666\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fasti Antiates maiores &#8211; zoom. Owner Patatruc. WikiCommons<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Pronouns are used as Nouns or as Adjectives. Pronouns have special declension forms, which may vary between substantive and adjectival use. They are divided into seven<br \/>\nclasses:<\/p>\n<p>Personal Pronouns: ego, I.<\/p>\n<p id=\"mntl-sc-block_1-0-40\" class=\"comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html\">Latin has cases we are familiar with in English: subject (nominative), object (actually more than one case), possessive (genitive usually). But there is also a dative, accusative, and ablative cases.<\/p>\n<p id=\"mntl-sc-block_1-0-42\" class=\"comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html\">Latin declines masculine, feminine, and neuter personal pronouns in the plural as well as the singular. English, on the other hand, uses the generic, gender-neutral &#8220;they,&#8221; &#8220;them&#8221; and &#8220;theirs.&#8221;<\/p>\n<table class=\"mntl-sc-block-table__table\">\n<tbody data-check=\"-1\">\n<tr>\n<th>Case \/ Person<\/th>\n<td>1st sing. (I)<\/td>\n<td>2nd sing. (you)<\/td>\n<td>3rd sing.<br \/>\n(he, she, it)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1st pl. (we)<\/td>\n<td>2nd pl. (you)<\/td>\n<td>3rd pl. (they)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>NOM<\/th>\n<td>ego<\/td>\n<td>tu<\/td>\n<td>is, ea, id<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>nos<\/td>\n<td>vos<\/td>\n<td>ei, eae, ea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>GEN<\/th>\n<td>mei<\/td>\n<td>tui<\/td>\n<td>eius<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>nostri<\/td>\n<td>vestri<\/td>\n<td>eorum, earum, eorum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>DAT<\/th>\n<td>mihi<\/td>\n<td>tibi<\/td>\n<td>ei<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>nobis<\/td>\n<td>vobis<\/td>\n<td>eis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>ACC<\/th>\n<td>me<\/td>\n<td>te<\/td>\n<td>eum, eam, id<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>nos<\/td>\n<td>vos<\/td>\n<td>eos, eas, ea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>ABL<\/th>\n<td>me<\/td>\n<td>te<\/td>\n<td>eo, ea, eo<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>nobis<\/td>\n<td>vobis<\/td>\n<td>eis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Reflexive Pronouns:\u00a0 se, himself.<br \/>\nPossessive Pronouns:\u00a0 meus, my.<br \/>\nDemonstrative Pronouns: his, this; ille, that.<\/p>\n<ol id=\"mntl-sc-block_1-0-26\" class=\"comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html\">\n<li><em>Ille<\/em>\u00a0(that),<\/li>\n<li><em>Hic<\/em>\u00a0(this),<\/li>\n<li><em>Iste<\/em>\u00a0(that), and<\/li>\n<li>The determinative<em>\u00a0Is<\/em>\u00a0(this, that)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table class=\"wiki-content-table\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Singular<\/th>\n<th>Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Ille<\/td>\n<td>Illi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Genitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Illius<\/td>\n<td>Illorum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Illi<\/td>\n<td>Illis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Accusative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Illum<\/td>\n<td>Illos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ablative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Illo<\/td>\n<td>Illis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table class=\"wiki-content-table\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"6\"><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"2\">Feminine<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"2\">Masculine<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"2\">Neuter<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"6\">Singular<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Haec<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hic<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hoc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Genitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huius<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huius<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huius<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huic<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huic<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Huic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Accusative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hanc<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hunc<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hoc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ablative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hac<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hoc<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hoc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vocative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"6\">Plural<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Nominative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hae<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hi<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Haec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Genitive<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Harum<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Horum<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Horum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Accusative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Has<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Hos<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Haec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ablative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">His<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vocative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Relative Pronouns:\u00a0 qui, who.<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"506\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"209\">\n<p align=\"center\">Singular<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">Plural<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">Masculine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">Feminine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"64\">\n<p align=\"center\">Neuter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">Masculine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">Feminine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">Neuter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Nominative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">qui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p align=\"center\">quod<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">qui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Accusative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quem<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quam<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quod<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quos<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Genitive<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"210\">\n<p align=\"center\">cuius<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quorum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quarum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quorum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Dative<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"210\">\n<p align=\"center\">cui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">quibus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Ablative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quo<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">qua<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quo<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">quibus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Interrogative Pronouns:\u00a0 quis, who?<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"506\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"209\">\n<p align=\"center\">Singular<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">Plural<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">Masculine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">Feminine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"64\">\n<p align=\"center\">Neuter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">Masculine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">Feminine<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">Neuter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Nominative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quis (qui)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p align=\"center\">quid (quod)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">qui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Accusative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quem<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quam<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quid (quod)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quos<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"61\">\n<p align=\"center\">quas<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quae<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Genitive<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"210\">\n<p align=\"center\">cuius<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quorum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quarum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\">\n<p align=\"center\">quorum<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Dative<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"210\">\n<p align=\"center\">cui<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">quibus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"white\" width=\"78\">Ablative<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quo<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">qua<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\">\n<p align=\"center\">quo<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"197\">\n<p align=\"center\">quibus<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Indefinite Pronouns:\u00a0 aliquis, some one.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>aliquis, aliqua, aliquid (-od)<\/em>: someone, something.<\/li>\n<li><em>quidam, quaedam, quiddam (quoddam)<\/em>: some, someone.<\/li>\n<li><em>quisque,quaeque, quidque (quodque)<\/em>: each one.<\/li>\n<li><em>quivis, quaevis, quidvis(quodvis)<\/em>: any.<\/li>\n<li><em>quilibet, quaelibet, quidlibet (quodlibet)<\/em>: any.<\/li>\n<li><em>quisquam<\/em>\u00a0(masc. and fem.),\u00a0<em>quicquam (quidquam)<\/em>: someone, something (used mainly in negative sentences or doubtful sentences).<\/li>\n<li><em>alius, alia, aliud<\/em>: other (when it comes to more than two).<\/li>\n<li><em>alter, altera, alterum<\/em>: the other, the second one (in the case of two).<\/li>\n<li><em>totus, -a, -um<\/em>: all, the whole.<\/li>\n<li><em>solus, -a, -um:<\/em>\u00a0only.<\/li>\n<li><em>ullus, -a, -um<\/em>: some, one.<\/li>\n<li><em>nullus, -a, -um<\/em>: none.<\/li>\n<li><em>uterque, utraque, utrumque<\/em>: each one, both.<\/li>\n<li><em>neuter, neutra, neutrum<\/em>: none of who, either.<\/li>\n<li><em>nemo<\/em>: no-one, nobody (sonly used in nominative \u2013<em>nemo<\/em>-, accusative \u2013<em>neminem<\/em>-, and dative \u2013<em>nemini<\/em>-).<\/li>\n<li><em>nihil<\/em>: nothing (neuter form used only in nominative and accusative).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"mntl-sc-block_1-0-40\" class=\"comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html\">Demonstratives pronouns are:<\/p>\n<ol id=\"mntl-sc-block_1-0-26\" class=\"comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<img width=\"350\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/15\/2020\/09\/Fasti_Antiates_maiores_-_zoom-350x281-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><p>Salvete Omnes, Let us return to some basics. In preparation for some future translations, let us review the Latin Pronouns. Pronouns are used as Nouns or as Adjectives. Pronouns have special declension forms, which may vary between substantive and adjectival use. They are divided into seven classes: Personal Pronouns: ego, I. Latin has cases we&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-item__readmore\"><a class=\"btn btn--md\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/latin-grammar-pronouns\/\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":4767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":""},"categories":[3691],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4762","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latin-language"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/101"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4762"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4766,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4762\/revisions\/4766"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.transparent.com\/latin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}